source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ de6905d

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Last change on this file since de6905d was de6905d, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 6 years ago

Update to util-linux 2.32.1.
Update to binutils-2.31.1.
Update to meson-0.47.1.
Update to linux-4.17.8.
Update to e2fsprogs-1.44.3.
Document some new regression test failures.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11439 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
65 our final glibc:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
68
69 <para>Determine the GCC include directory and create a symlink for LSB
70 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
71 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
74 i?86) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/$(uname -m)-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
75 ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
76 ;;
77 x86_64) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
78 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
79 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
80 ;;
81esac</userinput></screen>
82
83 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
84 </para>
85
86<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
89 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
90
91<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
92cd build</userinput></screen>
93
94 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
95
96<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include" \
97../configure --prefix=/usr \
98 --disable-werror \
99 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
100 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
101 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib
102unset GCC_INCDIR</userinput></screen>
103
104 <variablelist>
105 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include"</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>Setting the location of both gcc and system include directories
111 avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 <varlistentry>
116 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
117 <listitem>
118 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
119 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This option increases system security by adding
127 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
128 smashing attacks.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
136 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 </variablelist>
141
142 <para>Compile the package:</para>
143
144<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
145
146 <important>
147 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
148 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
149 </important>
150
151 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
152 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
153
154<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
155
156 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
157 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
158 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
159
160 <itemizedlist>
161
162 <listitem>
163 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
164 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
165 </listitem>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
169 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
170 may fail on some architectures.</para>
171 </listitem>
172
173 <listitem>
174 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
175 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
176 </listitem>
177
178<!--
179 <listitem>
180 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
181 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
182 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
183 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
184 </listitem>
185-->
186 <listitem>
187 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
188 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
189 AMD processor.</para>
190 </listitem>
191<!--
192 <listitem>
193 <para>The
194 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
195 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
196 </listitem>
197
198 <listitem>
199 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
200 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
201 </listitem>
202-->
203 </itemizedlist>
204
205 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
206 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
207 Prevent this warning with:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
212 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
213 </para>
214
215<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Install the package:</para>
218
219<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
222 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
223
224<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
225mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
228 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
229
230 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
231install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
234 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
235 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
236 testcases.</para>
237
238 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
239 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
240 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
241 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
242 charset-independent locale definition with the
243 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
244 charmap definition and appends the result to the
245 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
246 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
247 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
248
249<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
250localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
251localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
252localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
253localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
254localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
255localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
256localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
257localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
258localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
259localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
260localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
261localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
262localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
263localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
264localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
265localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
266localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
267localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
268localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
269localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
270localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
271
272 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
273 character set.</para>
274
275 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
276 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
277 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
278 following time-consuming command:</para>
279
280<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
281
282 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
283 install locales not listed in the
284 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
285 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
286
287 </sect2>
288
289 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
290 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
291
292 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
293 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
294 </indexterm>
295
296 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
297 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
298 </indexterm>
299
300 <sect3>
301 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
302
303 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
304 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
305 </para>
306
307 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
308 following:</para>
309
310<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
311<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
312
313passwd: files
314group: files
315shadow: files
316
317hosts: files dns
318networks: files
319
320protocols: files
321services: files
322ethers: files
323rpc: files
324
325# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
326EOF</userinput></screen>
327
328 </sect3>
329
330 <sect3>
331 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
332
333 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
334<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
335
336ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
337mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
338
339for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
340 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
341 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
342 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
343 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
344done
345
346cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
347zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
348unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
349
350 <variablelist>
351 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
352
353 <varlistentry>
354 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
355 <listitem>
356 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
357 conventional to put these in both
358 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
359 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
360 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
361 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
362 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
363 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
364 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
365 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
366 failures.</para>
367 </listitem>
368 </varlistentry>
369 <varlistentry>
370 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
371 <listitem>
372 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
373 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
374 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
375 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
376 directory.</para>
377 </listitem>
378 </varlistentry>
379 <varlistentry>
380 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
381 <listitem>
382 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
383 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
384 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
385 </listitem>
386 </varlistentry>
387 </variablelist>
388
389
390 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
391 script:</para>
392
393<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
394
395 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
396 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
397 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
398 time zones listed in <filename
399 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
400 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
401 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
402
403 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
404 running:</para>
405
406<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
407
408<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
409
410 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
411 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
412
413 </sect3>
414
415 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
416 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
417
418 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
419 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421
422 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
423 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
424 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
425 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
426 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
427 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
428 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
429 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
430 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
431 to contain additional libraries are <filename
432 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
433 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
434 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
435
436 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
437 following:</para>
438
439<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
440<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
441/usr/local/lib
442/opt/lib
443</literal>
444EOF</userinput></screen>
445
446 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
447 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
448 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
449 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
450
451<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
452<literal># Add an include directory
453include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
454</literal>
455EOF
456mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
457
458 </sect3>
459 </sect2>
460
461 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
462 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
463
464 <segmentedlist>
465 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
466 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
467 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
468
469 <seglistitem>
470 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
471 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
472 pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
473 zdump, and zic</seg>
474 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
475 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
476 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
477 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
478 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
479 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
480 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
481 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
482 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
483 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
484 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
485 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
486 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
487 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
488 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
489 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
490 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
491 </seglistitem>
492 </segmentedlist>
493
494 <variablelist>
495 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
496 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
497 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
498
499 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
500 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
501 <listitem>
502 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
503 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
505 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="gencat">
511 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
515 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="getconf">
521 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
524 specific variables</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
526 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="getent">
532 <term><command>getent</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
536 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="iconv">
542 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
546 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
552 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
555 files</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
557 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
563 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
567 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="ldd">
573 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
576 by each given program or shared library</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
578 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
584 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
588 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592
593 <varlistentry id="locale">
594 <term><command>locale</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
598 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="localedef">
604 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
607 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
608 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
609 </indexterm>
610 </listitem>
611 </varlistentry>
612
613 <varlistentry id="makedb">
614 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
615 <listitem>
616 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
618 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622
623 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
624 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
627 in human-readable format</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
629 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="nscd">
635 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
638 service requests</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
640 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="pldd">
646 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
650 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="sln">
656 <term><command>sln</command></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
659 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
660 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
661 </indexterm>
662 </listitem>
663 </varlistentry>
664
665 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
666 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
667 <listitem>
668 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
669 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
670 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
671 </indexterm>
672 </listitem>
673 </varlistentry>
674
675 <varlistentry id="sprof">
676 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
677 <listitem>
678 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
680 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
686 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
689 the corresponding time zone description</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
691 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
697 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
700 executed function</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
702 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="zdump">
708 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
712 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="zic">
718 <term><command>zic</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
722 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
732 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
738 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
741 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
742 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
743 for more information</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
745 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
751 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
754 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
756 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libanl">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
766 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libc">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>The main C library</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
776 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
782 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
785 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
787 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>The cryptography library</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
797 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libdl">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
807 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libg">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
816 library for <command>g++</command></para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
818 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="libieee">
824 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
827 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
828 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
830 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="libm">
836 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>The mathematical library</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
840 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
850 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
859 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
861 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>The network services library</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
871 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libnss">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
880 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
881 protocols, etc.</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
883 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
893 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
899 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
902 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
904 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
914 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="librt">
920 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
923 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
925 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
931 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
934 multi-threaded programs</para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
936 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 <varlistentry id="libutil">
942 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
943 <listitem>
944 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
945 many different Unix utilities</para>
946 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
947 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
948 </indexterm>
949 </listitem>
950 </varlistentry>
951
952 </variablelist>
953
954 </sect2>
955
956</sect1>
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