source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ ffbeb5f

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Last change on this file since ffbeb5f was ffbeb5f, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 7 years ago

Update to gcc-7.2.0.
Update to linux-4.12.7.
Update to glibc-2.26.
Update to dbus-1.10.22.
Update to binutils-2.29.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11279 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59
60 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
61 our final glibc:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Determine the GCC include directory and create a symlink for LSB
66 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
67 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
70 i?86) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/$(uname -m)-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
71 ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
72 ;;
73 x86_64) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
74 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
75 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
76 ;;
77esac</userinput></screen>
78
79 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
80 </para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
83
84 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
85 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
88cd build</userinput></screen>
89
90 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
91
92<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include" \
93../configure --prefix=/usr \
94 --disable-werror \
95 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
96 --enable-obsolete-rpc \
97 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
98 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib
99unset GCC_INCDIR</userinput></screen>
100
101 <variablelist>
102 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
103
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include"</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>Setting the location of both gcc and system include directories
108 avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
109 </listitem>
110 </varlistentry>
111
112 <varlistentry>
113 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
114 <listitem>
115 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
116 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
117 </listitem>
118 </varlistentry>
119
120 <varlistentry>
121 <term><parameter>--enable-obsolete-rpc</parameter></term>
122 <listitem>
123 <para>This option builds older RPC code for use with
124 network file system utilities (nfs).</para>
125 </listitem>
126 </varlistentry>
127
128 <varlistentry>
129 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
130 <listitem>
131 <para>This option increases system security by adding a known canary
132 (a random integer) to the stack during a function preamble, and checks
133 it when the function returns. If it changed, there was a stack
134 overflow, and the program aborts.</para>
135 </listitem>
136 </varlistentry>
137
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
140 <listitem>
141 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
142 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 </varlistentry>
145
146 </variablelist>
147
148 <para>Compile the package:</para>
149
150<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
151
152 <important>
153 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
154 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
155 </important>
156
157 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
158 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
159
160<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
161
162 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
163 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
164 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
165
166 <itemizedlist>
167
168 <listitem>
169 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
170 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
171 may fail on some architectures.</para>
172 </listitem>
173
174 <listitem>
175 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
176 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
177 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
178 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
179 </listitem>
180
181 <listitem>
182 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
183 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
184 AMD processor.</para>
185 </listitem>
186
187 <listitem>
188 <para>The
189 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
190 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
191 </listitem>
192
193 <listitem>
194 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
195 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
196 </listitem>
197
198 </itemizedlist>
199
200 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
201 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
202 Prevent this warning with:</para>
203
204<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
205
206 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an uneeded sanity check
207 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
208 </para>
209
210<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
211
212 <para>Install the package:</para>
213
214<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
215
216 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
217 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
218
219<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
220mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
221
222 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
223 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
224
225 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
226install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
227
228 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
229 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
230 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
231 testcases.</para>
232
233 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
234 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
235 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
236 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
237 charset-independent locale definition with the
238 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
239 charmap definition and appends the result to the
240 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
241 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
242 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
243
244<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
245localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
246localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
247localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
248localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
249localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
250localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
251localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
252localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
253localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
254localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
255localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
256localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
257localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
258localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
259localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
260localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
261localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
262localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
263localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
264localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
265localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
266
267 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
268 character set.</para>
269
270 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
271 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
272 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
273 following time-consuming command:</para>
274
275<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
276
277 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
278 install locales not listed in the
279 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
280 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
281
282 </sect2>
283
284 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
285 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
286
287 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
288 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
289 </indexterm>
290
291 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
292 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
293 </indexterm>
294
295 <sect3>
296 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
297
298 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
299 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
300 </para>
301
302 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
303 following:</para>
304
305<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
306<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
307
308passwd: files
309group: files
310shadow: files
311
312hosts: files dns
313networks: files
314
315protocols: files
316services: files
317ethers: files
318rpc: files
319
320# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
321EOF</userinput></screen>
322
323 </sect3>
324
325 <sect3>
326 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
327
328 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
329<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
330
331ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
332mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
333
334for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
335 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
336 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
337 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
338 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
339done
340
341cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
342zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
343unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
344
345 <variablelist>
346 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
347
348 <varlistentry>
349 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
350 <listitem>
351 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
352 conventional to put these in both
353 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
354 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
355 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
356 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
357 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
358 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
359 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
360 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
361 failures.</para>
362 </listitem>
363 </varlistentry>
364 <varlistentry>
365 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
366 <listitem>
367 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
368 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
369 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
370 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
371 directory.</para>
372 </listitem>
373 </varlistentry>
374 <varlistentry>
375 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
376 <listitem>
377 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
378 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
379 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
380 </listitem>
381 </varlistentry>
382 </variablelist>
383
384
385 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
386 script:</para>
387
388<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
389
390 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
391 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
392 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
393 time zones listed in <filename
394 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
395 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
396 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
397
398 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
399 running:</para>
400
401<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
402
403<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
404
405 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
406 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
407
408 </sect3>
409
410 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
411 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
412
413 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
414 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
415 </indexterm>
416
417 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
418 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
419 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
420 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
421 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
422 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
423 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
424 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
425 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
426 to contain additional libraries are <filename
427 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
428 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
429 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
430
431 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
432 following:</para>
433
434<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
435<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
436/usr/local/lib
437/opt/lib
438</literal>
439EOF</userinput></screen>
440
441 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
442 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
443 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
444 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
445
446<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
447<literal># Add an include directory
448include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
449</literal>
450EOF
451mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
452
453 </sect3>
454 </sect2>
455
456 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
457 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
458
459 <segmentedlist>
460 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
461 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
462 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
463
464 <seglistitem>
465 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
466 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
467 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
468 zdump, and zic</seg>
469 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
470 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
471 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
472 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
473 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
474 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
475 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
476 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
477 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
478 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
479 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
480 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
481 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
482 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
483 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
484 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
485 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
486 </seglistitem>
487 </segmentedlist>
488
489 <variablelist>
490 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
491 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
492 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
493
494 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
495 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
498 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
500 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="gencat">
506 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
509 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
510 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="getconf">
516 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
519 specific variables</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
521 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="getent">
527 <term><command>getent</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
531 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="iconv">
537 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
541 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
547 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
550 files</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
552 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
558 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
561 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
562 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
563 </indexterm>
564 </listitem>
565 </varlistentry>
566
567 <varlistentry id="ldd">
568 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
569 <listitem>
570 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
571 by each given program or shared library</para>
572 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
573 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
574 </indexterm>
575 </listitem>
576 </varlistentry>
577
578 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
579 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
580 <listitem>
581 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
583 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
588 <varlistentry id="locale">
589 <term><command>locale</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
593 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="localedef">
599 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
603 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="makedb">
609 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
613 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
619 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
622 in human-readable format</para>
623 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
624 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
625 </indexterm>
626 </listitem>
627 </varlistentry>
628
629 <varlistentry id="nscd">
630 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
631 <listitem>
632 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
633 service requests</para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
635 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="pldd">
641 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
644 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
645 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
646 </indexterm>
647 </listitem>
648 </varlistentry>
649
650 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
651 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
652 <listitem>
653 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
654 protocol</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
656 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="sln">
662 <term><command>sln</command></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
666 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
672 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
675 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
676 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
677 </indexterm>
678 </listitem>
679 </varlistentry>
680
681 <varlistentry id="sprof">
682 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
683 <listitem>
684 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
685 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
686 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
687 </indexterm>
688 </listitem>
689 </varlistentry>
690
691 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
692 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
693 <listitem>
694 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
695 the corresponding time zone description</para>
696 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
697 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
698 </indexterm>
699 </listitem>
700 </varlistentry>
701
702 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
703 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
704 <listitem>
705 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
706 executed function</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
708 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="zdump">
714 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
718 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="zic">
724 <term><command>zic</command></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
728 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
734 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
738 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
744 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
747 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
748 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
749 for more information</para>
750 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
751 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
752 </indexterm>
753 </listitem>
754 </varlistentry>
755
756 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
757 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
758 <listitem>
759 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
760 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
761 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
762 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
763 </indexterm>
764 </listitem>
765 </varlistentry>
766
767 <varlistentry id="libanl">
768 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
769 <listitem>
770 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
772 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="libc">
778 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>The main C library</para>
781 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
782 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
783 </indexterm>
784 </listitem>
785 </varlistentry>
786
787 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
788 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
789 <listitem>
790 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
791 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
793 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
799 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>The cryptography library</para>
802 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
803 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
804 </indexterm>
805 </listitem>
806 </varlistentry>
807
808 <varlistentry id="libdl">
809 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
810 <listitem>
811 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
813 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="libg">
819 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
822 library for <command>g++</command></para>
823 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
824 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
825 </indexterm>
826 </listitem>
827 </varlistentry>
828
829 <varlistentry id="libieee">
830 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
831 <listitem>
832 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
833 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
834 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
835 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
836 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
837 </indexterm>
838 </listitem>
839 </varlistentry>
840
841 <varlistentry id="libm">
842 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
843 <listitem>
844 <para>The mathematical library</para>
845 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
846 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
847 </indexterm>
848 </listitem>
849 </varlistentry>
850
851 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
852 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
853 <listitem>
854 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
856 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
862 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
865 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
867 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
873 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>The network services library</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
877 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="libnss">
883 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
886 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
887 protocols, etc.</para>
888 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
889 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
890 </indexterm>
891 </listitem>
892 </varlistentry>
893
894 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
895 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
896 <listitem>
897 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
899 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
905 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
908 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
910 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
916 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
919 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
920 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
921 </indexterm>
922 </listitem>
923 </varlistentry>
924
925 <varlistentry id="librt">
926 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
927 <listitem>
928 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
929 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
930 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
931 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
932 </indexterm>
933 </listitem>
934 </varlistentry>
935
936 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
937 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
938 <listitem>
939 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
940 multi-threaded programs</para>
941 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
942 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
943 </indexterm>
944 </listitem>
945 </varlistentry>
946
947 <varlistentry id="libutil">
948 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
949 <listitem>
950 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
951 many different Unix utilities</para>
952 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
953 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
954 </indexterm>
955 </listitem>
956 </varlistentry>
957
958 </variablelist>
959
960 </sect2>
961
962</sect1>
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