source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 00f4d68

10.0 10.0-rc1 10.1 10.1-rc1 11.0 11.0-rc1 11.0-rc2 11.0-rc3 11.1 11.1-rc1 11.2 11.2-rc1 11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.5-systemd 7.6 7.6-systemd 7.7 7.7-systemd 7.8 7.8-systemd 7.9 7.9-systemd 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 arm bdubbs/gcc13 ml-11.0 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd s6-init trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/lfs-next xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/pip3 xry111/rust-wip-20221008 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 00f4d68 was 00f4d68, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 13 years ago

Add security fixes for Glibc. Fixes #2790.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9414 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 34.1 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
88 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
89 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
90 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
91 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
92
93<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with versions of Make
100 newer than 3.81.</para>
101
102<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-makefile_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
103
104 <para>Apply 2 patches that fix security vulnerabilities in this version of Glibc:</para>
105
106<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-ldaudit-patch;
107patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-origin-patch;</userinput></screen>
108
109 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
110 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
111
112<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
113cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
114
115 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
116 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
117 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
118
119<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
120 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
121esac</userinput></screen>
122
123 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
124
125<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
126 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
127 --enable-kernel=2.6.22.5 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
128
129 <variablelist>
130 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
136 program from its default of <filename
137 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
138 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 </variablelist>
143
144 <para>Compile the package:</para>
145
146<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
147
148 <important>
149 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
150 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
151 </important>
152
153 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
154 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
155 results:</para>
156
157<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
158make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
159grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
160
161 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
162 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
163 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
164 common issues:</para>
165
166 <itemizedlist>
167 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
168 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
169 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
170 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
171 </listitem> -->
172 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
173 <listitem>
174
175 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
176 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
177 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
178 tests have been known to fail. The
179 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
180 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
181
182 </listitem>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
185 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
186 authentic AMD processor.</para>
187 </listitem>
188 <listitem>
189 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
190 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
191 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
192 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
193 </listitem>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
196 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
197 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
198 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
199 make -k check</command>).</para>
200 </listitem>
201 </itemizedlist>
202
203 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
204 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
205 Prevent this warning with:</para>
206
207<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
208
209 <para>Install the package:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
214 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
215 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
216 skip important testcases.</para>
217
218 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
219 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
220 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
221 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
222 charset-independent locale definition with the
223 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
224 charmap definition and appends the result to the
225 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
226 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
227 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
228
229<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
230localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
231localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
232localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
233localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
234localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
235localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
236localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
237localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
238localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
239localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
240localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
241localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
242localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
243localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
244localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
245localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
246localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
247
248 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
249 character set.</para>
250
251 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
252 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
253 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
254 following time-consuming command:</para>
255
256<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
257
258 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
259 install locales not listed in the
260 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
261 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
262 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
263 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
264
265 </sect2>
266
267 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
268 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
269
270 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
271 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273
274 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
275 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
276 </indexterm>
277
278 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
279 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
280 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
281 also needs to be configured.</para>
282
283 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
284 following:</para>
285
286<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
287<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
288
289passwd: files
290group: files
291shadow: files
292
293hosts: files dns
294networks: files
295
296protocols: files
297services: files
298ethers: files
299rpc: files
300
301# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
302EOF</userinput></screen>
303
304 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
305 script:</para>
306
307<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
310 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
311 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
312 timezones listed in <filename
313 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
314 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
315 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
316
317 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
318 running:</para>
319
320<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
321 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
322
323 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
324 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
325
326 <variablelist>
327 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
328
329 <varlistentry>
330 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
331 <listitem>
332 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
333 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
334 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
335 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
336 single user mode.</para>
337 </listitem>
338 </varlistentry>
339
340 </variablelist>
341
342 </sect2>
343
344 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
345 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
346
347 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
348 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
349 </indexterm>
350
351 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
352 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
353 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
354 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
355 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
356 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
357 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
358 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
359 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
360 to contain additional libraries are <filename
361 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
362 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
363 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
364
365 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
366 following:</para>
367
368<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
369<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
370
371/usr/local/lib
372/opt/lib
373
374# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
375EOF</userinput></screen>
376
377 </sect2>
378
379 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
380 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
381
382 <segmentedlist>
383 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
384 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
385 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
386
387 <seglistitem>
388 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
389 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
390 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
391 zdump, and zic</seg>
392 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
393 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
394 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
395 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
396 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
397 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
398 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
399 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
400 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
401 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
402 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
403 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
404 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
405 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
406 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
407 /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
408 </seglistitem>
409 </segmentedlist>
410
411 <variablelist>
412 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
413 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
414 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
415
416 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
417 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
418 <listitem>
419 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
420 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
421 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
422 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
423 </indexterm>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426
427 <varlistentry id="gencat">
428 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
429 <listitem>
430 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
431 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
432 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
433 </indexterm>
434 </listitem>
435 </varlistentry>
436
437 <varlistentry id="getconf">
438 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
439 <listitem>
440 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
441 specific variables</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
443 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="getent">
449 <term><command>getent</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
452 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
453 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
454 </indexterm>
455 </listitem>
456 </varlistentry>
457
458 <varlistentry id="iconv">
459 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
462 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
463 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
464 </indexterm>
465 </listitem>
466 </varlistentry>
467
468 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
469 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
470 <listitem>
471 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
472 files</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
474 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
480 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
484 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="ldd">
490 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
493 by each given program or shared library</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
495 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
501 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
505 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="locale">
511 <term><command>locale</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
515 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="localedef">
521 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
525 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
531 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
534 in human-readable format</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
536 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="nscd">
542 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
545 service requests</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
547 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
553 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
557 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
563 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
566 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
568 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
574 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
577 protocol</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
579 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
585 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
589 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="sln">
595 <term><command>sln</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
599 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="sprof">
605 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
609 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
615 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
618 the corresponding time zone description</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
620 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
626 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
629 executed function</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
631 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="zdump">
637 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
641 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="zic">
647 <term><command>zic</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
651 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
657 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
661 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
667 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
670 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
671 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
672 for more information</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
674 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
680 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
683 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
685 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="libanl">
691 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
695 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
701 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
704 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
706 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="libc">
712 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>The main C library</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
716 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
722 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
725 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
727 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
733 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>The cryptography library</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
737 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="libdl">
743 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
747 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="libg">
753 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
756 library for <command>g++</command></para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
758 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="libieee">
764 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
767 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
768 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
770 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
775 <varlistentry id="libm">
776 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>The mathematical library</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
780 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
786 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
790 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
796 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
799 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
801 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>The network services library</para>
810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
811 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="libnss">
817 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
820 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
821 protocols, etc.</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
823 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
829 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
832 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
834 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
840 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
844 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
850 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
853 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
854 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
855 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
856 </indexterm>
857 </listitem>
858 </varlistentry>
859
860 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
861 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
862 <listitem>
863 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
865 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="librt">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
874 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
876 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
885 multi-threaded programs</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
887 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="libutil">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
896 many different Unix utilities</para>
897 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
898 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
899 </indexterm>
900 </listitem>
901 </varlistentry>
902
903 </variablelist>
904
905 </sect2>
906
907</sect1>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.