source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 0c0d7c1

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Last change on this file since 0c0d7c1 was 0c0d7c1, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 12 years ago

Upgrade to Glibc-2.15. Fixes #3045.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9787 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.1 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>In addition, there is a bug in the
88 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> script in that it tries to link
89 a test program to a library that isn't installed by
90 <command>make install</command>. Issue the following <command>sed</command>
91 command to fix it:</para>
92
93 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/"db1"/&amp; \&amp;\&amp; $name ne "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
96 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
97 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
98 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
99 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
102
103 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
104 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
105
106<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
107cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
108
109 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
110 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
111 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
112
113<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
114 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
115esac</userinput></screen>
116
117 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
120 --prefix=/usr \
121 --disable-profile \
122 --enable-add-ons \
123 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 \
124 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
125
126 <variablelist>
127 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
128
129 <varlistentry>
130 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
131 <listitem>
132 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
133 program from its default of <filename
134 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
135 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
136 </listitem>
137 </varlistentry>
138
139 </variablelist>
140
141 <para>Compile the package:</para>
142
143<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
144
145 <important>
146 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
147 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
148 </important>
149
150 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
151 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
152 results:</para>
153
154<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
155make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
156grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
157
158 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
159 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
160 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
161 common issues:</para>
162
163 <itemizedlist>
164 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
165 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
166 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
167 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
168 </listitem> -->
169 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
170 <listitem>
171
172 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
173 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
174 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
175 tests have been known to fail. The
176 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
177 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
178
179 </listitem>
180 <listitem>
181 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
182 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
183 authentic AMD processor.</para>
184 </listitem>
185 <listitem>
186 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
187 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
188 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
189 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
190 </listitem>
191 <listitem>
192 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
193 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
194 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
195 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
196 make -k check</command>).</para>
197 </listitem>
198 <listitem>
199 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
200 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
201 </listitem>
202 </itemizedlist>
203
204 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
205 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
206 Prevent this warning with:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Install the package:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
215 default; these are required by several BLFS packages:</para>
216
217<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
218cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
219cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
222 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
223 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
224 skip important testcases.</para>
225
226 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
227 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
228 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
229 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
230 charset-independent locale definition with the
231 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
232 charmap definition and appends the result to the
233 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
234 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
235 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
236
237<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
238localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
239localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
240localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
241localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
242localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
243localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
244localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
245localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
246localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
247localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
248localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
249localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
250localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
251localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
252localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
253localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
254localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
255
256 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
257 character set.</para>
258
259 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
260 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
261 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
262 following time-consuming command:</para>
263
264<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
265
266 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
267 install locales not listed in the
268 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
269 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
270 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
271 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
272
273 </sect2>
274
275 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
276 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
277
278 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
279 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
280 </indexterm>
281
282 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
283 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
284 </indexterm>
285
286 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
287 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
288 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
289 also needs to be configured.</para>
290
291 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
292 following:</para>
293
294<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
295<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
296
297passwd: files
298group: files
299shadow: files
300
301hosts: files dns
302networks: files
303
304protocols: files
305services: files
306ethers: files
307rpc: files
308
309# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
310EOF</userinput></screen>
311
312 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
313 script:</para>
314
315<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
316
317 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
318 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
319 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
320 timezones listed in <filename
321 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
322 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
323 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
324
325 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
326 running:</para>
327
328<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
329 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
330
331 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
332 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
333
334 <variablelist>
335 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
336
337 <varlistentry>
338 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
339 <listitem>
340 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
341 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
342 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
343 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
344 single user mode.</para>
345 </listitem>
346 </varlistentry>
347
348 </variablelist>
349
350 </sect2>
351
352 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
353 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
354
355 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
356 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
357 </indexterm>
358
359 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
360 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
361 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
362 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
363 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
364 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
365 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
366 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
367 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
368 to contain additional libraries are <filename
369 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
370 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
371 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
372
373 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
374 following:</para>
375
376<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
377<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
378/usr/local/lib
379/opt/lib
380</literal>
381EOF</userinput></screen>
382
383 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
384 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
385 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
386 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
387
388<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
389<literal># Add an include directory
390include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
391</literal>
392EOF
393mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
394
395 </sect2>
396
397 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
398 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
399
400 <segmentedlist>
401 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
402 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
403 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
404
405 <seglistitem>
406 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
407 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
408 pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
409 zdump, and zic</seg>
410 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
411 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
412 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
413 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
414 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
415 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
416 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
417 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
418 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
419 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
420 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
421 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
422 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
423 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
424 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
425 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
426 </seglistitem>
427 </segmentedlist>
428
429 <variablelist>
430 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
431 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
432 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
433
434 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
435 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
436 <listitem>
437 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
438 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
440 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="gencat">
446 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
450 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="getconf">
456 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
459 specific variables</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
461 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="getent">
467 <term><command>getent</command></term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
471 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="iconv">
477 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
481 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
487 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
490 files</para>
491 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
492 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
493 </indexterm>
494 </listitem>
495 </varlistentry>
496
497 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
498 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
499 <listitem>
500 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
502 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="ldd">
508 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
511 by each given program or shared library</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
513 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
519 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
523 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="locale">
529 <term><command>locale</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
533 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="localedef">
539 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
543 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
549 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
552 in human-readable format</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
554 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="nscd">
560 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
563 service requests</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
565 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
571 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
575 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
581 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
584 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
585 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
586 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
587 </indexterm>
588 </listitem>
589 </varlistentry>
590
591 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
592 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
593 <listitem>
594 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
595 protocol</para>
596 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
597 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
598 </indexterm>
599 </listitem>
600 </varlistentry>
601
602 <varlistentry id="sln">
603 <term><command>sln</command></term>
604 <listitem>
605 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
607 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
613 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
617 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="sprof">
623 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
627 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
633 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
636 the corresponding time zone description</para>
637 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
638 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
639 </indexterm>
640 </listitem>
641 </varlistentry>
642
643 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
644 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
645 <listitem>
646 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
647 executed function</para>
648 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
649 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
650 </indexterm>
651 </listitem>
652 </varlistentry>
653
654 <varlistentry id="zdump">
655 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
656 <listitem>
657 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
659 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="zic">
665 <term><command>zic</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
669 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
675 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
679 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
685 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
688 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
689 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
690 for more information</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
692 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
698 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
701 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
703 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="libanl">
709 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
713 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
722 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
724 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="libc">
730 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>The main C library</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
734 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
743 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
745 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
751 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The cryptography library</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
755 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="libdl">
761 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
765 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="libg">
771 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
774 library for <command>g++</command></para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
776 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="libieee">
782 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
785 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
786 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
788 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libm">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>The mathematical library</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
798 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
808 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
817 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
819 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>The network services library</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
829 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libnss">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
838 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
839 protocols, etc.</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
841 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
847 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
850 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
852 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
862 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
871 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
873 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
879 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
883 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="librt">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
892 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
893 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
894 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
895 </indexterm>
896 </listitem>
897 </varlistentry>
898
899 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
900 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
901 <listitem>
902 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
903 multi-threaded programs</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
905 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="libutil">
911 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
914 many different Unix utilities</para>
915 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
916 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
917 </indexterm>
918 </listitem>
919 </varlistentry>
920
921 </variablelist>
922
923 </sect2>
924
925</sect1>
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