source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 12836f5

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Last change on this file since 12836f5 was 12836f5, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 8 years ago

Update to grub-2.02~beta3.
Update to glibc-2.24.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59
60 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
61 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
64cd build</userinput></screen>
65
66 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
67
68<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
69 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
70 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>Compile the package:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
75
76 <important>
77 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
78 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
79 </important>
80
81 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
82 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
83
84<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
85
86 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
87 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
88 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
89
90 <itemizedlist>
91
92 <listitem>
93 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> will always fail due
94 to not having the necessary networking applications when the tests are
95 run.</para>
96 </listitem>
97
98 <listitem>
99 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
100 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
101 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
102 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
103 </listitem>
104
105 <listitem>
106 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
107 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
108 AMD processor.</para>
109 </listitem>
110
111 <listitem>
112 <para>The
113 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
114 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
115 </listitem>
116
117 <listitem>
118 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
119 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
120 </listitem>
121
122 </itemizedlist>
123
124 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
125 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
126 Prevent this warning with:</para>
127
128<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
129
130 <para>Install the package:</para>
131
132<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
133
134 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
135 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
136
137<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
138mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
139
140 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
141 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
142
143 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
144install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
145
146 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
147 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
148 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
149 testcases.</para>
150
151 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
152 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
153 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
154 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
155 charset-independent locale definition with the
156 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
157 charmap definition and appends the result to the
158 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
159 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
160 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
161
162<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
163localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
164localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
165localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
166localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
167localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
168localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
169localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
170localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
171localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
172localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
173localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
174localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
175localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
176localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
177localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
178localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
179localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
180localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
181localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
182localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
183localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
184
185 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
186 character set.</para>
187
188 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
189 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
190 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
191 following time-consuming command:</para>
192
193<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
194
195 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
196 install locales not listed in the
197 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
198 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
199
200 </sect2>
201
202 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
203 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
204
205 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
206 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
207 </indexterm>
208
209 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
210 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
211 </indexterm>
212
213 <sect3>
214 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
215
216 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
217 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
218 </para>
219
220 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
221 following:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
224<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
225
226passwd: files
227group: files
228shadow: files
229
230hosts: files dns
231networks: files
232
233protocols: files
234services: files
235ethers: files
236rpc: files
237
238# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
239EOF</userinput></screen>
240
241 </sect3>
242
243 <sect3>
244 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
245
246 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
247<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
248
249ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
250mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
251
252for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
253 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
254 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
255 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
256 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
257done
258
259cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
260zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
261unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
262
263 <variablelist>
264 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
265
266 <varlistentry>
267 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
268 <listitem>
269 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
270 conventional to put these in both
271 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
272 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
273 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
274 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
275 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
276 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
277 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
278 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
279 failures.</para>
280 </listitem>
281 </varlistentry>
282 <varlistentry>
283 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
284 <listitem>
285 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
286 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
287 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
288 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
289 directory.</para>
290 </listitem>
291 </varlistentry>
292 <varlistentry>
293 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
294 <listitem>
295 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
296 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
297 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
298 </listitem>
299 </varlistentry>
300 </variablelist>
301
302
303 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
304 script:</para>
305
306<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
307
308 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
309 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
310 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
311 time zones listed in <filename
312 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
313 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
314 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
315
316 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
317 running:</para>
318
319<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
320
321<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
322
323 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
324 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
325
326 </sect3>
327
328 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
329 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
330
331 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
332 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334
335 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
336 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
337 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
338 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
339 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
340 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
341 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
342 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
343 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
344 to contain additional libraries are <filename
345 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
346 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
347 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
348
349 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
350 following:</para>
351
352<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
353<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
354/usr/local/lib
355/opt/lib
356</literal>
357EOF</userinput></screen>
358
359 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
360 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
361 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
362 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
363
364<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
365<literal># Add an include directory
366include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
367</literal>
368EOF
369mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
370
371 </sect3>
372 </sect2>
373
374 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
375 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
376
377 <segmentedlist>
378 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
379 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
380 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
381
382 <seglistitem>
383 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
384 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
385 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
386 zdump, and zic</seg>
387 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
388 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
389 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
390 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
391 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
392 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
393 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
394 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
395 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
396 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
397 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
398 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
399 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
400 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
401 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
402 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
403 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
404 </seglistitem>
405 </segmentedlist>
406
407 <variablelist>
408 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
409 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
410 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
411
412 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
413 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
414 <listitem>
415 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
416 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
417 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
418 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
419 </indexterm>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422
423 <varlistentry id="gencat">
424 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
428 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="getconf">
434 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
437 specific variables</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
439 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="getent">
445 <term><command>getent</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
449 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="iconv">
455 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
459 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
465 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
468 files</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
470 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
476 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
480 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="ldd">
486 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
489 by each given program or shared library</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
491 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
497 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
501 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="locale">
507 <term><command>locale</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
511 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="localedef">
517 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
521 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="makedb">
527 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
531 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
537 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
540 in human-readable format</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
542 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="nscd">
548 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
551 service requests</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
553 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="pldd">
559 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
562 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
563 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
564 </indexterm>
565 </listitem>
566 </varlistentry>
567
568 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
569 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
570 <listitem>
571 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
572 protocol</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
574 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="sln">
580 <term><command>sln</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
584 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
590 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
594 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="sprof">
600 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
604 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
610 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
613 the corresponding time zone description</para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
615 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
621 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
624 executed function</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
626 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="zdump">
632 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
636 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="zic">
642 <term><command>zic</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
646 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
652 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
656 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
662 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
665 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
666 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
667 for more information</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
669 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
675 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
678 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
680 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="libanl">
686 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
690 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="libc">
696 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>The main C library</para>
699 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
700 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
701 </indexterm>
702 </listitem>
703 </varlistentry>
704
705 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
706 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
707 <listitem>
708 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
709 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
710 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
711 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
712 </indexterm>
713 </listitem>
714 </varlistentry>
715
716 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
717 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
718 <listitem>
719 <para>The cryptography library</para>
720 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
721 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
722 </indexterm>
723 </listitem>
724 </varlistentry>
725
726 <varlistentry id="libdl">
727 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
728 <listitem>
729 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
731 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="libg">
737 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
740 library for <command>g++</command></para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
742 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libieee">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
751 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
752 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
754 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libm">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The mathematical library</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
764 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
770 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
774 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
780 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
783 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
785 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>The network services library</para>
794 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
795 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
796 </indexterm>
797 </listitem>
798 </varlistentry>
799
800 <varlistentry id="libnss">
801 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
802 <listitem>
803 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
804 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
805 protocols, etc.</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
807 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
817 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
826 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
828 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
838 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="librt">
844 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
847 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
848 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
849 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
850 </indexterm>
851 </listitem>
852 </varlistentry>
853
854 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
855 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
856 <listitem>
857 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
858 multi-threaded programs</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
860 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="libutil">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
869 many different Unix utilities</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
871 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 </variablelist>
877
878 </sect2>
879
880</sect1>
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