source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 18831b5

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Last change on this file since 18831b5 was 18831b5, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>An upstream change needs to be reverted:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/static __m128i/inline &amp;/' sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/strstr.c</userinput></screen>
67
68 <para>Allow Glibc to be built with Make-&make-version;:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -r -i 's/(3..89..)/\1 | 4.*/' configure</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
73 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
74
75<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
76cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
77
78 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput remap="configure">SED=sed \
81../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
82 --prefix=/usr \
83 --disable-profile \
84 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
85 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
86
87 <variablelist>
88 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
89
90 <varlistentry>
91 <term><envar>SED=sed</envar></term>
92 <listitem>
93 <para>Setting this environment variable prevents a hard-coded
94 path to /tools/bin/sed.</para>
95 </listitem>
96 </varlistentry>
97
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>This changes the location of some auxillary files from the
102 default of <filename class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to
103 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
104 </listitem>
105 </varlistentry>
106
107 </variablelist>
108
109 <para>Compile the package:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
112
113 <important>
114 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
115 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
116 </important>
117
118 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
119 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
120
121<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
122grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
123
124 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
125 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
126 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
127 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
128 most common issues:</para>
129
130 <itemizedlist>
131
132 <listitem>
133 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
134 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
135 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
136 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
137 tests have been known to fail. The
138 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
139 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
140 </listitem>
141
142 <listitem>
143 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
144 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
145 authentic AMD processor.</para>
146 </listitem>
147
148 <listitem>
149 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
150 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
151 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
152 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
153 make -k check</command>).</para>
154 </listitem>
155
156 <listitem>
157 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
158 connection when the test is run.</para>
159 </listitem>
160
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
163 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
164 </listitem>
165
166 </itemizedlist>
167
168 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
169 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
170 Prevent this warning with:</para>
171
172<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
173
174 <para>Install the package:</para>
175
176<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
177
178 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
179 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
180 packages:</para>
181
182<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
183cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
184cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
187 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
188 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
189 skip important testcases.</para>
190
191 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
192 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
193 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
194 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
195 charset-independent locale definition with the
196 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
197 charmap definition and appends the result to the
198 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
199 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
200 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
201
202<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
203localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
204localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
205localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
206localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
207localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
208localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
209localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
210localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
211localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
212localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
213localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
214localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
215localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
216localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
217localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
218localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
219localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
220localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
221localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
222localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
223localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
226 character set.</para>
227
228 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
229 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
230 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
231 following time-consuming command:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
236 install locales not listed in the
237 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
238 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
239
240 </sect2>
241
242 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
243 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
244
245 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
246 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
247 </indexterm>
248
249 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
250 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
251 </indexterm>
252
253 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
254 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
255 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
256 also needs to be configured.</para>
257
258 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
259 following:</para>
260
261<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
262<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
263
264passwd: files
265group: files
266shadow: files
267
268hosts: files dns
269networks: files
270
271protocols: files
272services: files
273ethers: files
274rpc: files
275
276# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
277EOF</userinput></screen>
278
279 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
280<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
281
282ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
283mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
284
285for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
286 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
287 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
288 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
289 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
290done
291
292cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
293zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
294unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
295
296 <variablelist>
297 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
298
299 <varlistentry>
300 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
301 <listitem>
302 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
303 conventional to put these in both
304 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
305 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
306 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
307 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
308 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
309 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
310 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
311 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
312 results</para>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315 <varlistentry>
316 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
317 <listitem>
318 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
319 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
320 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
321 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
322 directory.</para>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325 <varlistentry>
326 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
327 <listitem>
328 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
329 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
330 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
331 </listitem>
332 </varlistentry>
333 </variablelist>
334
335
336 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
337 script:</para>
338
339<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
340
341 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
342 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
343 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
344 timezones listed in <filename
345 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
346 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
347 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
348
349 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
350 running:</para>
351
352<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
353 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
354
355 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
356 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
357
358 <variablelist>
359 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
360
361 <varlistentry>
362 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
363 <listitem>
364 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
365 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
366 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
367 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
368 single user mode.</para>
369 </listitem>
370 </varlistentry>
371
372 </variablelist>
373
374 </sect2>
375
376 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
377 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
378
379 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
380 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
381 </indexterm>
382
383 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
384 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
385 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
386 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
387 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
388 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
389 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
390 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
391 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
392 to contain additional libraries are <filename
393 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
394 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
395 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
396
397 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
398 following:</para>
399
400<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
401<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
402/usr/local/lib
403/opt/lib
404</literal>
405EOF</userinput></screen>
406
407 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
408 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
409 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
410 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
411
412<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
413<literal># Add an include directory
414include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
415</literal>
416EOF
417mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
418
419 </sect2>
420
421 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
422 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
423
424 <segmentedlist>
425 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
426 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
427 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
428
429 <seglistitem>
430 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
431 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
432 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
433 zdump, and zic</seg>
434 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
435 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
436 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
437 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
438 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
439 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
440 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
441 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
442 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
443 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
444 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
445 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
446 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
447 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
448 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
449 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
450 </seglistitem>
451 </segmentedlist>
452
453 <variablelist>
454 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
455 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
456 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
457
458 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
459 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
462 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
464 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="gencat">
470 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
474 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="getconf">
480 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
483 specific variables</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
485 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="getent">
491 <term><command>getent</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
495 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="iconv">
501 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
505 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
511 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
514 files</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
516 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
522 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
526 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="ldd">
532 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
535 by each given program or shared library</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
537 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
543 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
547 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="locale">
553 <term><command>locale</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
557 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="localedef">
563 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
567 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="makedb">
573 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
576 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
577 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
578 </indexterm>
579 </listitem>
580 </varlistentry>
581
582 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
583 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
584 <listitem>
585 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
586 in human-readable format</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
588 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592
593 <varlistentry id="nscd">
594 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
597 service requests</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
599 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
605 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
609 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="pldd">
615 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
619 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623<!--
624 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
625 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
628 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
630 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634-->
635 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
636 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
639 protocol</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
641 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="sln">
647 <term><command>sln</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
651 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
657 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
661 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="sprof">
667 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
671 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
677 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
680 the corresponding time zone description</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
682 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
688 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
691 executed function</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
693 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="zdump">
699 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
703 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="zic">
709 <term><command>zic</command></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
713 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
723 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
732 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
733 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
734 for more information</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
736 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
742 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
745 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
747 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="libanl">
753 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
757 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
763 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
766 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
768 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libc">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>The main C library</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
778 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
787 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
789 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>The cryptography library</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
799 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libdl">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
809 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="libg">
815 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
818 library for <command>g++</command></para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
820 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libieee">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
829 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
830 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
832 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836
837 <varlistentry id="libm">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>The mathematical library</para>
841 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
842 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
843 </indexterm>
844 </listitem>
845 </varlistentry>
846
847 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
848 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
849 <listitem>
850 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
852 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
861 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
862 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
863 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
864 </indexterm>
865 </listitem>
866 </varlistentry>
867
868 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
869 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
870 <listitem>
871 <para>The network services library</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
873 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="libnss">
879 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
882 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
883 protocols, etc.</para>
884 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
885 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
886 </indexterm>
887 </listitem>
888 </varlistentry>
889
890 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
891 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
892 <listitem>
893 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
894 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
896 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
902 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
906 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
912 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
915 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
916 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
917 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
918 </indexterm>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
923 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
926 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
927 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
928 </indexterm>
929 </listitem>
930 </varlistentry>
931
932 <varlistentry id="librt">
933 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
934 <listitem>
935 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
936 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
937 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
938 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
939 </indexterm>
940 </listitem>
941 </varlistentry>
942
943 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
944 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
945 <listitem>
946 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
947 multi-threaded programs</para>
948 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
949 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
950 </indexterm>
951 </listitem>
952 </varlistentry>
953
954 <varlistentry id="libutil">
955 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
956 <listitem>
957 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
958 many different Unix utilities</para>
959 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
960 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
961 </indexterm>
962 </listitem>
963 </varlistentry>
964
965 </variablelist>
966
967 </sect2>
968
969</sect1>
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