source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 18d22e6

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Last change on this file since 18d22e6 was 18d22e6, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

Fixup

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
58 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
59 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
60 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
63
64 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
65 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
66 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
67 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
68 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
69 of achieving a clean build.</para>
70
71 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
72 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
75cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
76
77 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
78
79<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
80 --prefix=/usr \
81 --disable-profile \
82 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
83 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
84
85 <variablelist>
86 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
87
88 <varlistentry>
89 <term><parameter>--enable-obsolete-rpc</parameter></term>
90 <listitem>
91 <para>Installs NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
92 default; these are required to rebuild Glibc and by several BLFS
93 packages.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 </variablelist>
98
99 <para>Compile the package:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
102
103 <important>
104 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
105 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
106 </important>
107
108 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
109 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="test">make check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
112grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
113
114 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
115 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
116 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
117
118 <itemizedlist>
119<!--
120 <listitem>
121 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
122 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
123 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
124 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
125 tests have been known to fail. The
126 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
127 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
128 </listitem>
129
130 <listitem>
131 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
132 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
133 authentic AMD processor.</para>
134 </listitem>
135
136 <listitem>
137 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
138 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
139 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
140 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
141 make -k check</command>).</para>
142 </listitem>
143-->
144 <listitem>
145 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
146 connection when the test is run.</para>
147 </listitem>
148<!--
149 <listitem>
150 <para>libio/tst-ftell-partial-wide.out fails because it needs a locale
151 that has not yet been generated.</para>
152 </listitem>
153
154 <listitem>
155 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
156 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, nptl/tst-robust8,
157 and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
158 </listitem>
159-->
160 </itemizedlist>
161
162 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
163 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
164 Prevent this warning with:</para>
165
166<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
167
168 <para>Install the package:</para>
169
170<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
171
172 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
173 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
174
175<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
176mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
177
178 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
179 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
180 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
181 skip important testcases.</para>
182
183 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
184 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
185 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
186 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
187 charset-independent locale definition with the
188 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
189 charmap definition and appends the result to the
190 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
191 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
192 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
193
194<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
195localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
196localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
197localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
198localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
199localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
200localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
201localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
202localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
203localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
204localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
205localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
206localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
207localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
208localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
209localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
210localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
211localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
212localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
213localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
214localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
215localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
218 character set.</para>
219
220 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
221 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
222 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
223 following time-consuming command:</para>
224
225<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
228 install locales not listed in the
229 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
230 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
231
232 </sect2>
233
234 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
235 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
236
237 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
238 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
239 </indexterm>
240
241 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
242 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
243 </indexterm>
244
245 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
246 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
247 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
248 also needs to be configured.</para>
249
250 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
251 following:</para>
252
253<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
254<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
255
256passwd: files
257group: files
258shadow: files
259
260hosts: files dns
261networks: files
262
263protocols: files
264services: files
265ethers: files
266rpc: files
267
268# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
269EOF</userinput></screen>
270
271 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
272<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
273
274ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
275mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
276
277for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
278 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
279 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
280 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
281 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
282done
283
284cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
285zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
286unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
287
288 <variablelist>
289 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
290
291 <varlistentry>
292 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
293 <listitem>
294 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
295 conventional to put these in both
296 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
297 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
298 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
299 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
300 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
301 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
302 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
303 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
304 results</para>
305 </listitem>
306 </varlistentry>
307 <varlistentry>
308 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
311 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
312 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
313 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
314 directory.</para>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317 <varlistentry>
318 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
319 <listitem>
320 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
321 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
322 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325 </variablelist>
326
327
328 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
329 script:</para>
330
331<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
332
333 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
334 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
335 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
336 timezones listed in <filename
337 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
338 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
339 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
340
341 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
342 running:</para>
343
344<screen><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
345
346 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
347 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
348
349 </sect2>
350
351 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
352 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
353
354 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
355 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357
358 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
359 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
360 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
361 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
362 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
363 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
364 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
365 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
366 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
367 to contain additional libraries are <filename
368 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
369 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
370 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
371
372 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
373 following:</para>
374
375<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
376<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
377/usr/local/lib
378/opt/lib
379</literal>
380EOF</userinput></screen>
381
382 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
383 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
384 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
385 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
386
387<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
388<literal># Add an include directory
389include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
390</literal>
391EOF
392mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
393
394 </sect2>
395
396 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
397 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
398
399 <segmentedlist>
400 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
401 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
402 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
403
404 <seglistitem>
405 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
406 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
407 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
408 zdump, and zic</seg>
409 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
410 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
411 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
412 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
413 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
414 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
415 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
416 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
417 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
418 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
419 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
420 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
421 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
422 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
423 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
424 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
425 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
426 </seglistitem>
427 </segmentedlist>
428
429 <variablelist>
430 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
431 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
432 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
433
434 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
435 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
436 <listitem>
437 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
438 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
440 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="gencat">
446 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
450 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="getconf">
456 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
459 specific variables</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
461 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="getent">
467 <term><command>getent</command></term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
471 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="iconv">
477 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
481 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
487 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
490 files</para>
491 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
492 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
493 </indexterm>
494 </listitem>
495 </varlistentry>
496
497 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
498 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
499 <listitem>
500 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
502 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="ldd">
508 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
511 by each given program or shared library</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
513 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
519 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
523 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="locale">
529 <term><command>locale</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
533 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="localedef">
539 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
543 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="makedb">
549 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
553 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
559 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
562 in human-readable format</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
564 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="nscd">
570 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
573 service requests</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
575 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
581 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
585 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="pldd">
591 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
595 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599<!--
600 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
601 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
604 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
606 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610-->
611 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
612 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
615 protocol</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
617 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="sln">
623 <term><command>sln</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
627 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
633 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
637 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="sprof">
643 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
647 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
653 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
656 the corresponding time zone description</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
658 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
664 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
667 executed function</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
669 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="zdump">
675 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
679 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="zic">
685 <term><command>zic</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
689 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
695 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
699 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
705 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
708 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
709 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
710 for more information</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
712 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
718 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
721 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
723 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libanl">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
733 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="libc">
739 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>The main C library</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
743 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
749 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
752 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
754 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The cryptography library</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
764 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="libdl">
770 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
774 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="libg">
780 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
783 library for <command>g++</command></para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
785 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libieee">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
794 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
795 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
797 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libm">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>The mathematical library</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
807 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
817 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
826 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
828 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>The network services library</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
838 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="libnss">
844 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
847 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
848 protocols, etc.</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
850 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
859 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
861 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
871 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
880 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
882 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
892 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="librt">
898 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
901 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
903 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
909 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
912 multi-threaded programs</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
914 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="libutil">
920 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
923 many different Unix utilities</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
925 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 </variablelist>
931
932 </sect2>
933
934</sect1>
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