source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 22c4f87

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Last change on this file since 22c4f87 was 7e131ea, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 7 years ago

Update to glibc-2.25.
Revert gperf to version 3.0.4.
Update to linux-4.9.8.tar.xz.
Update to check-0.11.0.
Update to shadow-4.4.
Update to e2fsprogs-1.43.4.
Update to sed-4.4.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59
60 <para>Create a symlink for LSB compliance and, for x86_64, a
61 compatibility symlink required for the dynamic loader to function
62 correctly:</para>
63
64<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
65 x86) ln -s ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
66 ;;
67 x86_64) ln -s ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
68 ln -s ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
69 ;;
70esac</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
73 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
74
75<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
76cd build</userinput></screen>
77
78 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
81 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
82 --enable-obsolete-rpc \
83 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
84 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
85
86 <para>Compile the package:</para>
87
88<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
89
90 <important>
91 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
92 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
93 </important>
94
95 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
96 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
97
98<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
99
100 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
101 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
102 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
103
104 <itemizedlist>
105
106 <listitem>
107 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> will always fail due
108 to not having the necessary networking applications when the tests are
109 run. <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis> is also known
110 to fail on some architectures.</para>
111 </listitem>
112
113 <listitem>
114 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
115 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
116 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
117 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
118 </listitem>
119
120 <listitem>
121 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
122 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
123 AMD processor.</para>
124 </listitem>
125
126 <listitem>
127 <para>The
128 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
129 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
130 </listitem>
131
132 <listitem>
133 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
134 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
135 </listitem>
136
137 </itemizedlist>
138
139 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
140 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
141 Prevent this warning with:</para>
142
143<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
144
145 <para>Install the package:</para>
146
147<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
148
149 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
150 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
151
152<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
153mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
154
155 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
156 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
157
158 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
159install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
160
161 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
162 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
163 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
164 testcases.</para>
165
166 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
167 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
168 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
169 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
170 charset-independent locale definition with the
171 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
172 charmap definition and appends the result to the
173 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
174 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
175 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
176
177<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
178localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
179localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
180localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
181localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
182localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
183localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
184localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
185localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
186localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
187localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
188localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
189localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
190localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
191localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
192localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
193localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
194localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
195localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
196localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
197localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
198localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
199
200 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
201 character set.</para>
202
203 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
204 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
205 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
206 following time-consuming command:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
211 install locales not listed in the
212 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
213 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
214
215 </sect2>
216
217 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
218 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
219
220 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
221 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
222 </indexterm>
223
224 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
225 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
226 </indexterm>
227
228 <sect3>
229 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
230
231 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
232 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
233 </para>
234
235 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
236 following:</para>
237
238<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
239<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
240
241passwd: files
242group: files
243shadow: files
244
245hosts: files dns
246networks: files
247
248protocols: files
249services: files
250ethers: files
251rpc: files
252
253# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
254EOF</userinput></screen>
255
256 </sect3>
257
258 <sect3>
259 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
260
261 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
262<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
263
264ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
265mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
266
267for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
268 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
269 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
270 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
271 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
272done
273
274cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
275zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
276unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
277
278 <variablelist>
279 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
280
281 <varlistentry>
282 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
283 <listitem>
284 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
285 conventional to put these in both
286 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
287 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
288 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
289 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
290 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
291 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
292 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
293 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
294 failures.</para>
295 </listitem>
296 </varlistentry>
297 <varlistentry>
298 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
299 <listitem>
300 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
301 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
302 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
303 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
304 directory.</para>
305 </listitem>
306 </varlistentry>
307 <varlistentry>
308 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
311 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
312 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315 </variablelist>
316
317
318 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
319 script:</para>
320
321<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
322
323 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
324 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
325 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
326 time zones listed in <filename
327 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
328 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
329 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
330
331 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
332 running:</para>
333
334<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
335
336<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
337
338 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
339 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
340
341 </sect3>
342
343 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
344 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
345
346 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
347 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349
350 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
351 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
352 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
353 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
354 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
355 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
356 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
357 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
358 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
359 to contain additional libraries are <filename
360 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
361 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
362 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
363
364 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
365 following:</para>
366
367<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
368<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
369/usr/local/lib
370/opt/lib
371</literal>
372EOF</userinput></screen>
373
374 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
375 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
376 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
377 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
378
379<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
380<literal># Add an include directory
381include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
382</literal>
383EOF
384mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
385
386 </sect3>
387 </sect2>
388
389 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
390 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
391
392 <segmentedlist>
393 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
394 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
395 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
396
397 <seglistitem>
398 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
399 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
400 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
401 zdump, and zic</seg>
402 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
403 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
404 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
405 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
406 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
407 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
408 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
409 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
410 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
411 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
412 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
413 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
414 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
415 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
416 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
417 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
418 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
419 </seglistitem>
420 </segmentedlist>
421
422 <variablelist>
423 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
424 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
425 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
426
427 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
428 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
429 <listitem>
430 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
431 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
432 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
433 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
434 </indexterm>
435 </listitem>
436 </varlistentry>
437
438 <varlistentry id="gencat">
439 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
443 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="getconf">
449 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
452 specific variables</para>
453 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
454 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
455 </indexterm>
456 </listitem>
457 </varlistentry>
458
459 <varlistentry id="getent">
460 <term><command>getent</command></term>
461 <listitem>
462 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
464 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="iconv">
470 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
474 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
480 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
483 files</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
485 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
491 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
495 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="ldd">
501 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
504 by each given program or shared library</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
506 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
512 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
516 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="locale">
522 <term><command>locale</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
526 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="localedef">
532 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
536 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="makedb">
542 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
546 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
552 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
555 in human-readable format</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
557 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="nscd">
563 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
566 service requests</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
568 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="pldd">
574 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
578 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
584 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
587 protocol</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
589 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="sln">
595 <term><command>sln</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
599 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
605 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
609 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="sprof">
615 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
619 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623
624 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
625 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
628 the corresponding time zone description</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
630 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634
635 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
636 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
639 executed function</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
641 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="zdump">
647 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
651 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="zic">
657 <term><command>zic</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
661 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
667 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
671 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
677 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
680 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
681 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
682 for more information</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
684 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
690 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
693 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
695 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="libanl">
701 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
705 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="libc">
711 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>The main C library</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
715 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
721 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
724 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
726 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
732 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>The cryptography library</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
736 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="libdl">
742 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
746 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="libg">
752 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
755 library for <command>g++</command></para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
757 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="libieee">
763 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
766 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
767 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
769 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="libm">
775 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>The mathematical library</para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
779 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
789 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
798 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
800 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
806 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>The network services library</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
810 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="libnss">
816 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
819 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
820 protocols, etc.</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
822 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
832 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836
837 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
841 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
843 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
853 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="librt">
859 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
862 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
864 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
870 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
873 multi-threaded programs</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
875 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="libutil">
881 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
884 many different Unix utilities</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
886 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 </variablelist>
892
893 </sect2>
894
895</sect1>
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