| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
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| 15 | </indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 18 | <title/>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
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| 21 | the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
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| 22 | closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
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| 23 | arithmetic, and so on.</para>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <segmentedlist>
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| 26 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 27 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <seglistitem>
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| 30 | <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 31 | <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 32 | </seglistitem>
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| 33 | </segmentedlist>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | </sect2>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 38 | <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <note>
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| 41 | <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
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| 42 | order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
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| 43 | home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
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| 44 | <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
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| 45 | implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
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| 46 | implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
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| 47 | an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
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| 48 | Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
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| 49 | </note>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
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| 52 | perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
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| 53 | pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
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| 54 | and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
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| 55 | Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
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| 56 | of achieving a clean build.</para>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
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| 59 | names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
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| 60 | <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
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| 61 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
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| 62 | Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <screen><userinput>tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
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| 65 | mv glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite loop
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| 68 | at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command> bug or a
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| 69 | Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to avoid the
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| 70 | problem:</para>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
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| 75 | <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
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| 76 | our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
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| 77 | the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
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| 78 | test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
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| 79 | to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
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| 80 |
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| 81 | <screen><userinput>sed -i \
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| 82 | 's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -o|' \
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| 83 | scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
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| 84 |
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| 85 | <para>Apply a patch to obtain various fixes that the upstream maintainers
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| 86 | have provided:</para>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-branch_update-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 89 |
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| 90 | <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
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| 91 | syntax. Change it's default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
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| 92 | in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
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| 93 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
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| 94 | chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
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| 99 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
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| 102 | cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 103 |
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| 104 | <para>Tell Glibc to install its libraries in a more generic location:</para>
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| 105 |
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| 106 | <screen><userinput>echo "slibdir=/lib" > configparms</userinput></screen>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 111 | --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
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| 112 | --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc \
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| 113 | --libdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 114 |
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| 115 | <variablelist>
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| 116 | <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <varlistentry>
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| 119 | <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
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| 120 | <listitem>
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| 121 | <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
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| 122 | program from its default of <filename
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| 123 | class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
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| 124 | class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
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| 125 | </listitem>
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| 126 | </varlistentry>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | </variablelist>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | <important>
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| 135 | <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
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| 136 | Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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| 137 | </important>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <para>Test the results:</para>
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| 140 |
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| 141 | <screen><userinput>make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log
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| 142 | grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
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| 145 | <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
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| 146 | is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
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| 147 | common issues:</para>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <itemizedlist>
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| 150 | <listitem>
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| 151 | <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
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| 152 | <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
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| 153 | fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
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| 154 | are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
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| 155 | </listitem>
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| 156 | <listitem>
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| 157 | <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
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| 158 | systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
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| 159 | authentic AMD processor.</para>
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| 160 | </listitem>
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| 161 | <listitem>
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| 162 | <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
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| 163 | <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
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| 164 | test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
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| 165 | use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
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| 166 | </listitem>
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| 167 | <listitem>
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| 168 | <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
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| 169 | load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
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| 170 | </listitem>
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| 171 | </itemizedlist>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
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| 174 | complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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| 175 | Prevent this warning with:</para>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 180 |
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| 181 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
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| 184 | were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
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| 185 | but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
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| 186 | skip important testcases.</para>
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| 187 |
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| 188 | <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
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| 189 | <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
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| 190 | <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
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| 191 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename>
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| 192 | charset-independent locale definition with the
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| 193 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename>
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| 194 | charmap definition and appends the result to the
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| 195 | <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
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| 196 | The following instructions will install the minimum set of
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| 197 | locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
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| 200 | localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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| 201 | localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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| 202 | localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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| 203 | localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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| 204 | localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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| 205 | localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
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| 206 | localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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| 207 | localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
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| 208 | localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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| 209 | localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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| 210 | localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
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| 211 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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| 212 | localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
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| 215 | character set.</para>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
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| 218 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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| 219 | (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
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| 220 | following time-consuming command:</para>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
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| 225 | install locales not listed in the
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| 226 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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| 227 | in the unlikely case if you need them.</para>
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| 228 | <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
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| 229 | running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
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| 230 |
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| 231 | </sect2>
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| 232 |
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| 233 | <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
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| 234 | <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 237 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
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| 238 | </indexterm>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 241 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
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| 242 | </indexterm>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
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| 245 | because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
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| 246 | the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
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| 247 | also needs to be configured.</para>
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| 248 |
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| 249 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
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| 250 | following:</para>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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| 253 | <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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| 254 |
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| 255 | passwd: files
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| 256 | group: files
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| 257 | shadow: files
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| 258 |
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| 259 | hosts: files dns
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| 260 | networks: files
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| 261 |
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| 262 | protocols: files
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| 263 | services: files
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| 264 | ethers: files
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| 265 | rpc: files
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| 266 |
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| 267 | # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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| 268 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
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| 271 | script:</para>
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| 272 |
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| 273 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
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| 276 | output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
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| 277 | <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
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| 278 | timezones listed in <filename
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| 279 | class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
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| 280 | <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
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| 281 | are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
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| 282 |
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| 283 | <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
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| 284 | running:</para>
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| 285 |
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| 286 | <screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> \
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| 287 | /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | <para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the
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| 290 | time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
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| 291 |
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| 292 | <variablelist>
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| 293 | <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
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| 294 |
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| 295 | <varlistentry>
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| 296 | <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
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| 297 | <listitem>
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| 298 | <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
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| 299 | link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
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| 300 | cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
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| 301 | is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
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| 302 | single user mode.</para>
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| 303 | </listitem>
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| 304 | </varlistentry>
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| 305 |
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| 306 | </variablelist>
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| 307 |
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| 308 | </sect2>
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| 309 |
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| 310 | <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
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| 311 | <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
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| 312 |
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| 313 | <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
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| 314 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
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| 315 | </indexterm>
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| 316 |
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| 317 | <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
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| 318 | class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
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| 319 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
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| 320 | class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
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| 321 | needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
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| 322 | directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
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| 323 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
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| 324 | to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
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| 325 | dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
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| 326 | to contain additional libraries are <filename
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| 327 | class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
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| 328 | class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
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| 329 | dynamic loader's search path.</para>
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| 330 |
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| 331 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
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| 332 | following:</para>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
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| 335 | <literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
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| 336 |
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| 337 | /usr/local/lib
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| 338 | /opt/lib
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| 339 |
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| 340 | # End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
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| 341 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 342 |
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| 343 | </sect2>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
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| 346 | <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
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| 347 |
|
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| 348 | <segmentedlist>
|
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| 349 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 350 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 351 |
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| 352 | <seglistitem>
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| 353 | <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
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| 354 | ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
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| 355 | pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
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| 356 | zdump, and zic</seg>
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| 357 | <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
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| 358 | libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
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| 359 | libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so,
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| 360 | libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so,
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|---|
| 361 | libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so,
|
|---|
| 362 | libpthread.{a,so}, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
|
|---|
| 363 | libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
|
|---|
| 364 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 365 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 366 |
|
|---|
| 367 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 368 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 369 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 370 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 371 |
|
|---|
| 372 | <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
|
|---|
| 373 | <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 374 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 375 | <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
|
|---|
| 376 | terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
|
|---|
| 377 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
|
|---|
| 378 | <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
|
|---|
| 379 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 380 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 381 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 382 |
|
|---|
| 383 | <varlistentry id="gencat">
|
|---|
| 384 | <term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
|---|
| 385 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 386 | <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
|---|
| 387 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
|---|
| 388 | <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
|---|
| 389 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 390 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 391 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 392 |
|
|---|
| 393 | <varlistentry id="getconf">
|
|---|
| 394 | <term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
|---|
| 395 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 396 | <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
|
|---|
| 397 | specific variables</para>
|
|---|
| 398 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
|---|
| 399 | <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
|---|
| 400 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 401 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 402 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 403 |
|
|---|
| 404 | <varlistentry id="getent">
|
|---|
| 405 | <term><command>getent</command></term>
|
|---|
| 406 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 407 | <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
|---|
| 408 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
|---|
| 409 | <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
|---|
| 410 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 411 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 412 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 413 |
|
|---|
| 414 | <varlistentry id="iconv">
|
|---|
| 415 | <term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 416 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 417 | <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
|---|
| 418 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
|---|
| 419 | <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
|---|
| 420 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 421 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 422 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 423 |
|
|---|
| 424 | <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 425 | <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 426 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 427 | <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
|---|
| 428 | files</para>
|
|---|
| 429 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 430 | <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 431 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 432 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 433 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 434 |
|
|---|
| 435 | <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 436 | <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 437 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 438 | <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
|---|
| 439 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 440 | <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 441 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 442 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 443 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 444 |
|
|---|
| 445 | <varlistentry id="ldd">
|
|---|
| 446 | <term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 447 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 448 | <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
|---|
| 449 | by each given program or shared library</para>
|
|---|
| 450 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
|---|
| 451 | <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
|---|
| 452 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 453 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 454 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 455 |
|
|---|
| 456 | <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 457 | <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
|---|
| 458 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 459 | <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
|
|---|
| 460 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 461 | <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
|---|
| 462 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 463 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 464 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 465 |
|
|---|
| 466 | <varlistentry id="locale">
|
|---|
| 467 | <term><command>locale</command></term>
|
|---|
| 468 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 469 | <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
|
|---|
| 470 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
|---|
| 471 | <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
|---|
| 472 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 473 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 474 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 475 |
|
|---|
| 476 | <varlistentry id="localedef">
|
|---|
| 477 | <term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
|---|
| 478 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 479 | <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
|---|
| 480 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
|---|
| 481 | <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
|---|
| 482 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 483 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 484 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 485 |
|
|---|
| 486 | <varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
|---|
| 487 | <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 488 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 489 | <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
|
|---|
| 490 | in human-readable format</para>
|
|---|
| 491 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
|---|
| 492 | <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 493 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 494 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 495 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 496 |
|
|---|
| 497 | <varlistentry id="nscd">
|
|---|
| 498 | <term><command>nscd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 499 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 500 | <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
|
|---|
| 501 | service requests</para>
|
|---|
| 502 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
|
|---|
| 503 | <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
|
|---|
| 504 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 505 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 506 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 507 |
|
|---|
| 508 | <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 509 | <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 510 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 511 | <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
|---|
| 512 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 513 | <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
|---|
| 514 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 515 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 516 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 517 |
|
|---|
| 518 | <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
|
|---|
| 519 | <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
|
|---|
| 520 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 521 | <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
|
|---|
| 522 | group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
|
|---|
| 523 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
|
|---|
| 524 | <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
|
|---|
| 525 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 526 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 527 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 528 |
|
|---|
| 529 | <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
|
|---|
| 530 | <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
|
|---|
| 531 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 532 | <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
|
|---|
| 533 | protocol</para>
|
|---|
| 534 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
|
|---|
| 535 | <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
|
|---|
| 536 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 537 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 538 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 539 |
|
|---|
| 540 | <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
|
|---|
| 541 | <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
|
|---|
| 542 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 543 | <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
|
|---|
| 544 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
|
|---|
| 545 | <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
|
|---|
| 546 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 547 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 548 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 549 |
|
|---|
| 550 | <varlistentry id="sln">
|
|---|
| 551 | <term><command>sln</command></term>
|
|---|
| 552 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 553 | <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
|---|
| 554 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
|---|
| 555 | <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
|---|
| 556 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 557 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 558 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 559 |
|
|---|
| 560 | <varlistentry id="sprof">
|
|---|
| 561 | <term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
|---|
| 562 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 563 | <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
|---|
| 564 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
|---|
| 565 | <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
|---|
| 566 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 567 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 568 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 569 |
|
|---|
| 570 | <varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
|---|
| 571 | <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
|---|
| 572 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 573 | <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
|
|---|
| 574 | the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
|---|
| 575 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
|---|
| 576 | <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
|---|
| 577 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 578 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 579 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 580 |
|
|---|
| 581 | <varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
|---|
| 582 | <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 583 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 584 | <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
|
|---|
| 585 | executed function</para>
|
|---|
| 586 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
|---|
| 587 | <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 588 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 589 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 590 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 591 |
|
|---|
| 592 | <varlistentry id="zdump">
|
|---|
| 593 | <term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 594 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 595 | <para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
|---|
| 596 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
|---|
| 597 | <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
|---|
| 598 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 599 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 600 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 601 |
|
|---|
| 602 | <varlistentry id="zic">
|
|---|
| 603 | <term><command>zic</command></term>
|
|---|
| 604 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 605 | <para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
|---|
| 606 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
|---|
| 607 | <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
|---|
| 608 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 609 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 610 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 611 |
|
|---|
| 612 | <varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
|---|
| 613 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 614 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 615 | <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
|---|
| 616 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
|---|
| 617 | <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
|
|---|
| 618 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 619 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 620 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 621 |
|
|---|
| 622 | <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 623 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 624 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 625 | <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
|
|---|
| 626 | (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
|
|---|
| 627 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
|
|---|
| 628 | for more information</para>
|
|---|
| 629 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 630 | <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
|---|
| 631 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 632 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 633 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 634 |
|
|---|
| 635 | <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
|
|---|
| 636 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 637 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 638 | <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
|
|---|
| 639 | <command>catchsegv</command></para>
|
|---|
| 640 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
|
|---|
| 641 | <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
|
|---|
| 642 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 643 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 644 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 645 |
|
|---|
| 646 | <varlistentry id="libanl">
|
|---|
| 647 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 648 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 649 | <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
|
|---|
| 650 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
|---|
| 651 | <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
|---|
| 652 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 653 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 654 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 655 |
|
|---|
| 656 | <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
|
|---|
| 657 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 658 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 659 | <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
|
|---|
| 660 | Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
|
|---|
| 661 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
|
|---|
| 662 | <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
|
|---|
| 663 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 664 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 665 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 666 |
|
|---|
| 667 | <varlistentry id="libc">
|
|---|
| 668 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 669 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 670 | <para>The main C library</para>
|
|---|
| 671 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
|---|
| 672 | <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
|---|
| 673 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 674 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 675 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 676 |
|
|---|
| 677 | <varlistentry id="libcidn">
|
|---|
| 678 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 679 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 680 | <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
|
|---|
| 681 | names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
|
|---|
| 682 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
|---|
| 683 | <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
|---|
| 684 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 685 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 686 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 687 |
|
|---|
| 688 | <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
|
|---|
| 689 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 690 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 691 | <para>The cryptography library</para>
|
|---|
| 692 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
|---|
| 693 | <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
|---|
| 694 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 695 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 696 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 697 |
|
|---|
| 698 | <varlistentry id="libdl">
|
|---|
| 699 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 700 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 701 | <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
|
|---|
| 702 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
|---|
| 703 | <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
|---|
| 704 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 705 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 706 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 707 |
|
|---|
| 708 | <varlistentry id="libg">
|
|---|
| 709 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 710 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 711 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
|
|---|
| 712 | library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
|---|
| 713 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
|---|
| 714 | <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
|---|
| 715 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 716 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 717 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 718 |
|
|---|
| 719 | <varlistentry id="libieee">
|
|---|
| 720 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 721 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 722 | <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
|
|---|
| 723 | functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
|
|---|
| 724 | Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
|
|---|
| 725 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
|
|---|
| 726 | <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
|
|---|
| 727 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 728 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 729 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 730 |
|
|---|
| 731 | <varlistentry id="libm">
|
|---|
| 732 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 733 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 734 | <para>The mathematical library</para>
|
|---|
| 735 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
|---|
| 736 | <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
|---|
| 737 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 738 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 739 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 740 |
|
|---|
| 741 | <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 742 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 743 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 744 | <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
|
|---|
| 745 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 746 | <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
|---|
| 747 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 748 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 749 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 750 |
|
|---|
| 751 | <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 752 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 753 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 754 | <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
|---|
| 755 | information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
|---|
| 756 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 757 | <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
|---|
| 758 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 759 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 760 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 761 |
|
|---|
| 762 | <varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
|---|
| 763 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 764 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 765 | <para>The network services library</para>
|
|---|
| 766 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
|---|
| 767 | <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
|---|
| 768 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 769 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 770 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 771 |
|
|---|
| 772 | <varlistentry id="libnss">
|
|---|
| 773 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 774 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 775 | <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
|
|---|
| 776 | resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
|---|
| 777 | protocols, etc.</para>
|
|---|
| 778 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
|---|
| 779 | <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
|
|---|
| 780 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 781 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 782 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 783 |
|
|---|
| 784 | <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 785 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 786 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 787 | <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
|
|---|
| 788 | time spent in specific source code lines</para>
|
|---|
| 789 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 790 | <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
|---|
| 791 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 792 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 793 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 794 |
|
|---|
| 795 | <varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
|---|
| 796 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 797 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 798 | <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
|
|---|
| 799 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
|---|
| 800 | <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
|---|
| 801 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 802 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 803 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 804 |
|
|---|
| 805 | <varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
|---|
| 806 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 807 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 808 | <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
|---|
| 809 | packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
|---|
| 810 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
|---|
| 811 | <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
|---|
| 812 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 813 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 814 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 815 |
|
|---|
| 816 | <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
|
|---|
| 817 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 818 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 819 | <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
|
|---|
| 820 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
|
|---|
| 821 | <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
|
|---|
| 822 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 823 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 824 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 825 |
|
|---|
| 826 | <varlistentry id="librt">
|
|---|
| 827 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 828 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 829 | <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
|---|
| 830 | by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
|
|---|
| 831 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
|---|
| 832 | <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
|---|
| 833 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 834 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 835 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 836 |
|
|---|
| 837 | <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 838 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 839 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 840 | <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
|
|---|
| 841 | multi-threaded programs</para>
|
|---|
| 842 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 843 | <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
|---|
| 844 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 845 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 846 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 847 |
|
|---|
| 848 | <varlistentry id="libutil">
|
|---|
| 849 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 850 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 851 | <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
|---|
| 852 | many different Unix utilities</para>
|
|---|
| 853 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
|---|
| 854 | <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
|---|
| 855 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 856 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 857 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 858 |
|
|---|
| 859 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 860 |
|
|---|
| 861 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 862 |
|
|---|
| 863 | </sect1>
|
|---|
