source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 2ebc0d9

7.5-systemd 7.6-systemd 7.7-systemd 7.8-systemd 7.9-systemd
Last change on this file since 2ebc0d9 was 2ebc0d9, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 11 years ago

/etc/localtime needs to be a symlink for timedatectl to work

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/systemd/BOOK@10195 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
65 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory
66 to store their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
67 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
72 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
75cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
76
77 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
78
79<!-- We would get /usr/lib/glibc/getconf instead of /usr/lib/getconf and
80 /usr/lib/getconf was used before. Other distros seem to use same
81 libexecdir -->
82<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
83 --prefix=/usr \
84 --libexecdir=/usr/lib \
85 --disable-profile \
86 --enable-kernel=2.6.25</userinput></screen>
87
88 <variablelist>
89 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
95 program and <filename class="directory">getconf</filename> directory
96 from their default install location of <filename
97 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
98 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>.</para>
99 </listitem>
100 </varlistentry>
101
102 </variablelist>
103
104 <para>Compile the package:</para>
105
106<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
107
108 <important>
109 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
110 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
111 </important>
112
113 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
114 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
115
116<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
117grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
118
119 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
120 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
121 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
122 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
123 most common issues:</para>
124
125 <itemizedlist>
126
127 <listitem>
128 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
129 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
130 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
131 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
132 tests have been known to fail. The
133 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
134 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
135 </listitem>
136
137 <listitem>
138 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
139 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
140 authentic AMD processor.</para>
141 </listitem>
142
143 <listitem>
144 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
145 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
146 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
147 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
148 make -k check</command>).</para>
149 </listitem>
150
151 <listitem>
152 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
153 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
154 </listitem>
155
156 </itemizedlist>
157
158 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
159 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
160 Prevent this warning with:</para>
161
162<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
163
164 <para>Install the package:</para>
165
166<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
167
168 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
169 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
170 packages:</para>
171
172<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
173cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
174cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
175
176 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
177 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
178
179<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
180mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
181
182 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
183 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
184 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
185 skip important testcases.</para>
186
187 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
188 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
189 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
190 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
191 charset-independent locale definition with the
192 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
193 charmap definition and appends the result to the
194 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
195 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
196 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
197
198<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
199localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
200localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
201localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
202localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
203localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
204localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
205localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
206localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
207localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
208localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
209localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
210localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
211localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
212localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
213localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
214localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
215localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
216localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
217localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
218localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
219localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
222 character set.</para>
223
224 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
225 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
226 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
227 following time-consuming command:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
230
231 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
232 install locales not listed in the
233 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
234 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
235
236 </sect2>
237
238 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
239 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
240
241 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
242 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
243 </indexterm>
244
245 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
246 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
247 </indexterm>
248
249 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
250 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
251 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
252 also needs to be configured.</para>
253
254 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
255 following:</para>
256
257<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
258<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
259
260passwd: files
261group: files
262shadow: files
263
264hosts: files dns
265networks: files
266
267protocols: files
268services: files
269ethers: files
270rpc: files
271
272# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
273EOF</userinput></screen>
274
275 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
276<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
277
278ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
279mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
280
281for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
282 asia australasia backward pacificnew solar87 solar88 solar89 \
283 systemv; do
284 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
285 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
286 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
287done
288
289cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
290zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
291unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
292
293 <variablelist>
294 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
295
296 <varlistentry>
297 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
298 <listitem>
299 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
300 conventional to put these in both
301 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
302 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
303 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
304 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
305 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
306 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
307 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
308 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
309 results</para>
310 </listitem>
311 </varlistentry>
312 <varlistentry>
313 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
314 <listitem>
315 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
316 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
317 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
318 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
319 directory.</para>
320 </listitem>
321 </varlistentry>
322 <varlistentry>
323 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
324 <listitem>
325 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
326 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
327 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
328 </listitem>
329 </varlistentry>
330 </variablelist>
331
332
333 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
334 script:</para>
335
336<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
337
338 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
339 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
340 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
341 timezones listed in <filename
342 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
343 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
344 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
345
346 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
347 running:</para>
348
349<screen><userinput>ln -s /etc/localtime /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable></userinput></screen>
350
351 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
352 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
353
354 </sect2>
355
356 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
357 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
358
359 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
360 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
361 </indexterm>
362
363 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
364 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
365 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
366 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
367 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
368 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
369 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
370 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
371 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
372 to contain additional libraries are <filename
373 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
374 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
375 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
376
377 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
378 following:</para>
379
380<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
381<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
382/usr/local/lib
383/opt/lib
384</literal>
385EOF</userinput></screen>
386
387 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
388 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
389 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
390 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
391
392<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
393<literal># Add an include directory
394include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
395</literal>
396EOF
397mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
398
399 </sect2>
400
401 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
402 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
403
404 <segmentedlist>
405 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
406 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
407 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
408
409 <seglistitem>
410 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
411 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
412 pldd, pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
413 zdump, and zic</seg>
414 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
415 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
416 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
417 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
418 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
419 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
420 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
421 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
422 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
423 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
424 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
425 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
426 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
427 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
428 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/getconf,
429 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/cache/nscd,
430 and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
431 </seglistitem>
432 </segmentedlist>
433
434 <variablelist>
435 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
436 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
437 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
438
439 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
440 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
441 <listitem>
442 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
443 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
445 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="gencat">
451 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
454 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
455 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
456 </indexterm>
457 </listitem>
458 </varlistentry>
459
460 <varlistentry id="getconf">
461 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
462 <listitem>
463 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
464 specific variables</para>
465 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
466 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
467 </indexterm>
468 </listitem>
469 </varlistentry>
470
471 <varlistentry id="getent">
472 <term><command>getent</command></term>
473 <listitem>
474 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
476 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="iconv">
482 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
486 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
492 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
495 files</para>
496 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
497 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
498 </indexterm>
499 </listitem>
500 </varlistentry>
501
502 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
503 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
504 <listitem>
505 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
506 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
507 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
508 </indexterm>
509 </listitem>
510 </varlistentry>
511
512 <varlistentry id="ldd">
513 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
516 by each given program or shared library</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
518 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
524 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
527 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
528 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
529 </indexterm>
530 </listitem>
531 </varlistentry>
532
533 <varlistentry id="locale">
534 <term><command>locale</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
538 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="localedef">
544 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
548 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="makedb">
554 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
557 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
558 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
559 </indexterm>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
564 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
565 <listitem>
566 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
567 in human-readable format</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
569 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="nscd">
575 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
578 service requests</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
580 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
586 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
590 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="pldd">
596 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
600 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
606 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
609 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
611 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
617 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
620 protocol</para>
621 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
622 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
623 </indexterm>
624 </listitem>
625 </varlistentry>
626
627 <varlistentry id="sln">
628 <term><command>sln</command></term>
629 <listitem>
630 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
632 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
638 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
642 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="sprof">
648 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
652 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
658 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
661 the corresponding time zone description</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
663 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
669 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
672 executed function</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
674 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="zdump">
680 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
684 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="zic">
690 <term><command>zic</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
694 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
700 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
703 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
704 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
705 </indexterm>
706 </listitem>
707 </varlistentry>
708
709 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
710 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
711 <listitem>
712 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
713 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
714 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
715 for more information</para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
717 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
723 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
726 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
728 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="libanl">
734 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
738 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
744 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
747 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
748 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
749 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
750 </indexterm>
751 </listitem>
752 </varlistentry>
753
754 <varlistentry id="libc">
755 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
756 <listitem>
757 <para>The main C library</para>
758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
759 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
765 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
768 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
770 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
775 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
776 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>The cryptography library</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
780 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="libdl">
786 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
790 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="libg">
796 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
799 library for <command>g++</command></para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
801 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libieee">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
810 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
811 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
813 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="libm">
819 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>The mathematical library</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
823 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
829 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
833 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
839 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
842 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
844 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
850 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>The network services library</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
854 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="libnss">
860 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
863 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
864 protocols, etc.</para>
865 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
866 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
867 </indexterm>
868 </listitem>
869 </varlistentry>
870
871 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
872 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
873 <listitem>
874 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
875 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
877 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
883 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
887 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
896 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
897 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
898 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
899 </indexterm>
900 </listitem>
901 </varlistentry>
902
903 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
904 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
905 <listitem>
906 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
908 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="librt">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
917 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
919 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
928 multi-threaded programs</para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
930 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 <varlistentry id="libutil">
936 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
937 <listitem>
938 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
939 many different Unix utilities</para>
940 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
941 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
942 </indexterm>
943 </listitem>
944 </varlistentry>
945
946 </variablelist>
947
948 </sect2>
949
950</sect1>
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