source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 338c63f

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Last change on this file since 338c63f was e8d05b3f, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 4 years ago

Remove a workaround for sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/socket.h
that is no longer needed.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11756 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.5 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64<!-- No longer needed
65 <para>Fix a problem introduced with the linux-5.2 kernel:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/asm.socket.h/a# include &lt;linux/sockios.h&gt;' \
68 sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/socket.h</userinput></screen>
69-->
70 <para>Create a symlink for LSB
71 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
72 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
75 i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
76 ;;
77 x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
78 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
79 ;;
80esac</userinput></screen>
81<!--
82 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
83 </para>
84
85<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
86-->
87 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
88 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
89
90<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
91cd build</userinput></screen>
92
93 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr" \
96../configure --prefix=/usr \
97 --disable-werror \
98 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
99 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
100 --with-headers=/usr/include \
101 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
102
103 <variablelist>
104 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr"</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in /tools in result
110 of the compilation as if the files resided in /usr. This avoids
111 introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 <varlistentry>
116 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
117 <listitem>
118 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
119 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This option increases system security by adding
127 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
128 smashing attacks.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
136 kernel API headers. By default, those headers are sought in
137 <filename class="directory">/tools/include</filename>.</para>
138 </listitem>
139 </varlistentry>
140
141 <varlistentry>
142 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
143 <listitem>
144 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
145 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
146 </listitem>
147 </varlistentry>
148
149 </variablelist>
150
151 <para>Compile the package:</para>
152
153<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
154
155 <important>
156 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
157 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
158 </important>
159
160 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
161 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
162
163<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
164<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
165 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
166 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
167esac</userinput></screen>
168
169 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
170 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
171 in the install phase below.</para></note>
172
173<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
174
175 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
176 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
177 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
178
179 <itemizedlist>
180
181 <listitem>
182 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
183 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
184 </listitem>
185
186 <listitem>
187 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
188 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
189 </listitem>
190
191 <listitem>
192 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
193 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
194 may fail on some architectures.</para>
195 </listitem>
196
197 <listitem>
198 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
199 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
200 </listitem>
201
202 <listitem>
203 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
204 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
205 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
206 cause these tests to fail.
207 </para>
208 </listitem>
209
210 <listitem>
211 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
212 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
213 AMD processor.</para>
214 </listitem>
215<!--
216 <listitem>
217 <para>The
218 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
219 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
220 </listitem>
221
222 <listitem>
223 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
224 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
225 </listitem>
226-->
227 </itemizedlist>
228
229 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
230 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
231 Prevent this warning with:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
236 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
237 </para>
238
239<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
240
241 <para>Install the package:</para>
242
243<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
246 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
247
248<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
249mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
250
251 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
252 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
253
254 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
255install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
256
257 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
258 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
259 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
260 testcases.</para>
261
262 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
263 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
264 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
265 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
266 charset-independent locale definition with the
267 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
268 charmap definition and appends the result to the
269 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
270 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
271 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
272
273<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
274localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
275localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
276localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
277localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
278localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
279localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
280localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
281localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
282localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
283localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
284localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
285localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
286localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
287localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
288localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
289localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
290localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
291localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
292localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
293localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
294localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
295localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
296localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
297localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
298localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
299localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
302 character set.</para>
303
304 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
305 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
306 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
307 following time-consuming command:</para>
308
309<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
310
311 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
312 install locales not listed in the
313 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
314 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
315
316 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
317 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
318 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
319 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
320 </para></note>
321
322 </sect2>
323
324 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
325 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
326
327 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
328 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
329 </indexterm>
330
331 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
332 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334
335 <sect3>
336 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
337
338 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
339 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
340 </para>
341
342 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
343 following:</para>
344
345<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
346<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
347
348passwd: files
349group: files
350shadow: files
351
352hosts: files dns
353networks: files
354
355protocols: files
356services: files
357ethers: files
358rpc: files
359
360# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
361EOF</userinput></screen>
362
363 </sect3>
364
365 <sect3>
366 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
367
368 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
369<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
370
371ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
372mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
373
374for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
375 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
376 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
377 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
378 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
379done
380
381cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
382zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
383unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
384
385 <variablelist>
386 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
387
388 <varlistentry>
389 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
390 <listitem>
391 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
392 conventional to put these in both
393 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
394 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
395 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
396 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
397 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
398 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
399 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
400 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
401 failures.</para>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404 <varlistentry>
405 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
408 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
409 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
410 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
411 directory.</para>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414 <varlistentry>
415 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
416 <listitem>
417 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
418 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
419 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422 </variablelist>
423
424
425 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
426 script:</para>
427
428<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
429
430 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
431 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
432 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
433 time zones listed in <filename
434 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
435 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
436 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
437
438 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
439 running:</para>
440
441<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
442
443 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
444 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
445
446 </sect3>
447
448 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
449 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
450
451 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
452 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454
455 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
456 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
457 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
458 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
459 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
460 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
461 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
462 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
463 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
464 to contain additional libraries are <filename
465 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
466 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
467 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
468
469 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
470 following:</para>
471
472<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
473<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
474/usr/local/lib
475/opt/lib
476</literal>
477EOF</userinput></screen>
478
479 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
480 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
481 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
482 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
483
484<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
485<literal># Add an include directory
486include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
487</literal>
488EOF
489mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
490
491 </sect3>
492 </sect2>
493
494 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
495 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
496
497 <segmentedlist>
498 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
499 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
500 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
501
502 <seglistitem>
503 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
504 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
505 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
506 zdump, and zic</seg>
507 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
508 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
509 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
510 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
511 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
512 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
513 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
514 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
515 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
516 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
517 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
518 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
519 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
520 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
521 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
522 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
523 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
524 </seglistitem>
525 </segmentedlist>
526
527 <variablelist>
528 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
529 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
530 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
531
532 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
533 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
536 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
538 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="gencat">
544 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
548 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="getconf">
554 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
557 specific variables</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
559 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="getent">
565 <term><command>getent</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
569 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="iconv">
575 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
579 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
585 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
588 files</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
590 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
596 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
600 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="ldd">
606 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
609 by each given program or shared library</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
611 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
617 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
621 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="locale">
627 <term><command>locale</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
631 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="localedef">
637 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
641 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="makedb">
647 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
651 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
657 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
660 in human-readable format</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
662 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="nscd">
668 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
671 service requests</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
673 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
679 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
683 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="pldd">
689 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
693 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="sln">
699 <term><command>sln</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
703 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
709 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
713 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="sprof">
719 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
723 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
729 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
732 the corresponding time zone description</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
734 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
740 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
743 executed function</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
745 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="zdump">
751 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
755 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="zic">
761 <term><command>zic</command></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
765 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
771 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
775 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
784 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
785 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
786 for more information</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
788 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
797 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
799 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libanl">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
809 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="libc">
815 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>The main C library</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
819 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>The cryptography library</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
829 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libdl">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
839 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="libg">
845 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
848 library for <command>g++</command></para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
850 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libm">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>The mathematical library</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
860 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
869 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
870 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
871 </indexterm>
872 </listitem>
873 </varlistentry>
874
875 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
876 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
877 <listitem>
878 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
879 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
880 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
881 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
882 </indexterm>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
887 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>The network services library</para>
890 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
891 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
892 </indexterm>
893 </listitem>
894 </varlistentry>
895
896 <varlistentry id="libnss">
897 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
898 <listitem>
899 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
900 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
901 protocols, etc.</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
903 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
909 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
913 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
919 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
923 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
929 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
930 <listitem>
931 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
932 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
933 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
934 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
935 </indexterm>
936 </listitem>
937 </varlistentry>
938
939 <varlistentry id="librt">
940 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
941 <listitem>
942 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
943 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
944 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
945 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
946 </indexterm>
947 </listitem>
948 </varlistentry>
949
950 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
951 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
952 <listitem>
953 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
954 multi-threaded programs</para>
955 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
956 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
957 </indexterm>
958 </listitem>
959 </varlistentry>
960
961 <varlistentry id="libutil">
962 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
963 <listitem>
964 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
965 many different Unix utilities</para>
966 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
967 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
968 </indexterm>
969 </listitem>
970 </varlistentry>
971
972 </variablelist>
973
974 </sect2>
975
976</sect1>
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