source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 4916842

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Last change on this file since 4916842 was 4916842, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 14 years ago

Upgrade to GCC-4.5.0, including the addition of its new dependency, MPC. Fixes #2636.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9254 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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File size: 32.9 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
88 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
89 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
90 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
91 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
92
93<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
100 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
101
102<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
103cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
104
105 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
106 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
107 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
110 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
111esac</userinput></screen>
112
113 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
114
115<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
116 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
117 --enable-kernel=2.6.18 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
118
119 <variablelist>
120 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
121
122 <varlistentry>
123 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
126 program from its default of <filename
127 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
128 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 </variablelist>
133
134 <para>Compile the package:</para>
135
136<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
137
138 <important>
139 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
140 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
141 </important>
142
143 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
144 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
145 results:</para>
146
147<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
148make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
149grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
150
151 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
152 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
153 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
154 common issues:</para>
155
156 <itemizedlist>
157 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
158 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
159 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
160 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
161 </listitem> -->
162 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
163 <listitem>
164
165 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
166 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
167 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
168 tests have been known to fail. The
169 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
170 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
171
172 </listitem>
173 <listitem>
174 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
175 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
176 authentic AMD processor.</para>
177 </listitem>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
180 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
181 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
182 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
183 </listitem>
184 <listitem>
185 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
186 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
187 </listitem>
188 </itemizedlist>
189
190 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
191 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
192 Prevent this warning with:</para>
193
194<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
195
196 <para>Install the package:</para>
197
198<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
199
200 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
201 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
202 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
203 skip important testcases.</para>
204
205 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
206 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
207 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
208 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
209 charset-independent locale definition with the
210 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
211 charmap definition and appends the result to the
212 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
213 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
214 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
215
216<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
217localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
218localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
219localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
220localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
221localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
222localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
223localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
224localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
225localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
226localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
227localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
228localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
229localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
230localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
231localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
232localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
233localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
236 character set.</para>
237
238 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
239 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
240 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
241 following time-consuming command:</para>
242
243<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
246 install locales not listed in the
247 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
248 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
249 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
250 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
251
252 </sect2>
253
254 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
255 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
256
257 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
258 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
259 </indexterm>
260
261 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
262 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
263 </indexterm>
264
265 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
266 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
267 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
268 also needs to be configured.</para>
269
270 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
271 following:</para>
272
273<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
274<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
275
276passwd: files
277group: files
278shadow: files
279
280hosts: files dns
281networks: files
282
283protocols: files
284services: files
285ethers: files
286rpc: files
287
288# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
289EOF</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
292 script:</para>
293
294<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
295
296 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
297 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
298 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
299 timezones listed in <filename
300 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
301 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
302 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
303
304 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
305 running:</para>
306
307<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
308 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
309
310 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
311 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
312
313 <variablelist>
314 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
315
316 <varlistentry>
317 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
320 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
321 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
322 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
323 single user mode.</para>
324 </listitem>
325 </varlistentry>
326
327 </variablelist>
328
329 </sect2>
330
331 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
332 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
333
334 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
335 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
336 </indexterm>
337
338 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
339 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
340 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
341 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
342 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
343 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
344 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
345 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
346 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
347 to contain additional libraries are <filename
348 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
349 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
350 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
351
352 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
353 following:</para>
354
355<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
356<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
357
358/usr/local/lib
359/opt/lib
360
361# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
362EOF</userinput></screen>
363
364 </sect2>
365
366 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
367 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
368
369 <segmentedlist>
370 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
371 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
372
373 <seglistitem>
374 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
375 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
376 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
377 zdump, and zic</seg>
378 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
379 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
380 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
381 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
382 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
383 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
384 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
385 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
386 </seglistitem>
387 </segmentedlist>
388
389 <variablelist>
390 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
391 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
392 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
393
394 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
395 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
398 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
400 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="gencat">
406 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
410 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="getconf">
416 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
419 specific variables</para>
420 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
421 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
422 </indexterm>
423 </listitem>
424 </varlistentry>
425
426 <varlistentry id="getent">
427 <term><command>getent</command></term>
428 <listitem>
429 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
430 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
431 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
432 </indexterm>
433 </listitem>
434 </varlistentry>
435
436 <varlistentry id="iconv">
437 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
438 <listitem>
439 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
440 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
441 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
442 </indexterm>
443 </listitem>
444 </varlistentry>
445
446 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
447 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
448 <listitem>
449 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
450 files</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
452 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456
457 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
458 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
462 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
467 <varlistentry id="ldd">
468 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
471 by each given program or shared library</para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
473 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
479 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
483 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="locale">
489 <term><command>locale</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
493 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="localedef">
499 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
502 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
503 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
504 </indexterm>
505 </listitem>
506 </varlistentry>
507
508 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
509 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
510 <listitem>
511 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
512 in human-readable format</para>
513 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
514 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="nscd">
520 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
523 service requests</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
525 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
531 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
535 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
540 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
541 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
542 <listitem>
543 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
544 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
546 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
552 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
555 protocol</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
557 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
563 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
567 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="sln">
573 <term><command>sln</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
576 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
577 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
578 </indexterm>
579 </listitem>
580 </varlistentry>
581
582 <varlistentry id="sprof">
583 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
584 <listitem>
585 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
586 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
587 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
588 </indexterm>
589 </listitem>
590 </varlistentry>
591
592 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
593 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
594 <listitem>
595 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
596 the corresponding time zone description</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
598 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
604 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
607 executed function</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
609 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="zdump">
615 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
619 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623
624 <varlistentry id="zic">
625 <term><command>zic</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
629 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
635 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
638 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
639 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
640 </indexterm>
641 </listitem>
642 </varlistentry>
643
644 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
645 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
646 <listitem>
647 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
648 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
649 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
650 for more information</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
652 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
658 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
661 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
663 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="libanl">
669 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
673 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
679 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
682 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
684 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="libc">
690 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>The main C library</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
694 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
700 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
703 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
705 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
711 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>The cryptography library</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
715 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="libdl">
721 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
725 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="libg">
731 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
734 library for <command>g++</command></para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
736 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="libieee">
742 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
745 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
746 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
748 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="libm">
754 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>The mathematical library</para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
758 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
764 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
768 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
777 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
779 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>The network services library</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
789 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libnss">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
798 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
799 protocols, etc.</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
801 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
810 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
812 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
818 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
822 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
831 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
833 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
839 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
843 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="librt">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
852 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
854 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
860 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
863 multi-threaded programs</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
865 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="libutil">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
874 many different Unix utilities</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
876 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 </variablelist>
882
883 </sect2>
884
885</sect1>
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