source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 573b8bf

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Last change on this file since 573b8bf was 573b8bf, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 11 years ago

Remove redundant --enable-addons parameter to Glibc's configure script. Fixes #3241.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10060 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 38.8 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>Fix a problem that causes the build to fail in the LFS environment:</para>
76
77<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's#&lt;rpc/types.h&gt;#"rpc/types.h"#' sunrpc/rpc_clntout.c</userinput></screen>
78
79<!-- <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
80 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
81 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
82 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
83 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
84 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
85
86<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
87sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
88 scripts/test-installation.pl
89unset DL</userinput></screen>-->
90
91 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
92 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
93 our newly installed Glibc. Use a patch to fix the bug that causes it to
94 fail:</para>
95
96<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-installation-patch;</userinput></screen>
97
98 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
99 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
100 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
101 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
102 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
103
104<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
105
106 <para>Now fix a problem that causes some applications to crash when
107 utilizing problem nameservers:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fix-resolv-patch;</userinput></screen>
110
111 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
112 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
113
114<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
115cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
116<!--
117 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
118 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
119 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
120
121<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
122 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
123esac</userinput></screen>
124-->
125 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
126
127<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
128 --prefix=/usr \
129 --disable-profile \
130 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 \
131 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
132
133 <variablelist>
134 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
135
136 <varlistentry>
137 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
138 <listitem>
139 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
140 program from its default of <filename
141 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
142 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 </varlistentry>
145
146 </variablelist>
147
148 <para>Compile the package:</para>
149
150<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
151
152 <important>
153 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
154 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
155 </important>
156
157 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
158 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
159
160<!-- cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata -->
161
162<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
163grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
164
165 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
166 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
167 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
168 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
169 most common issues:</para>
170
171 <itemizedlist>
172 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
173 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
174 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
175 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
176 </listitem> -->
177 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
178
179 <listitem>
180 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
181 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
182 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
183 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
184 tests have been known to fail. The
185 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
186 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
187 </listitem>
188
189 <listitem>
190 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
191 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
192 authentic AMD processor.</para>
193 </listitem>
194
195 <!--
196 <listitem>
197 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
198 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
199 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
200 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
201 </listitem>
202 -->
203
204 <listitem>
205 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
206 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
207 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
208 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
209 make -k check</command>).</para>
210 </listitem>
211
212 <listitem>
213 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
214 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
215 </listitem>
216
217 </itemizedlist>
218
219 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
220 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
221 Prevent this warning with:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Install the package:</para>
226
227<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
228
229 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
230 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
231 packages:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
234cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
235cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
236
237 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
238 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
239 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
240 skip important testcases.</para>
241
242 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
243 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
244 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
245 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
246 charset-independent locale definition with the
247 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
248 charmap definition and appends the result to the
249 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
250 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
251 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
252
253<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
254localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
255localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
256localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
257localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
258localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
259localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
260localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
261localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
262localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
263localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
264localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
265localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
266localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
267localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
268localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
269localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
270localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
271localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
272localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
273localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
274localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
277 character set.</para>
278
279 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
280 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
281 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
282 following time-consuming command:</para>
283
284<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
285
286 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
287 install locales not listed in the
288 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
289 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
290 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
291 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
292
293 </sect2>
294
295 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
296 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
297
298 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
299 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
300 </indexterm>
301
302 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
303 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
304 </indexterm>
305
306 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
307 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
308 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
309 also needs to be configured.</para>
310
311 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
312 following:</para>
313
314<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
315<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
316
317passwd: files
318group: files
319shadow: files
320
321hosts: files dns
322networks: files
323
324protocols: files
325services: files
326ethers: files
327rpc: files
328
329# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
330EOF</userinput></screen>
331
332 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
333<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
334
335ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
336mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
337
338for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
339 asia australasia backward pacificnew solar87 solar88 solar89 \
340 systemv; do
341 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
342 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
343 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
344done
345
346cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
347zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
348unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
349
350 <variablelist>
351 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
352
353 <varlistentry>
354 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
355 <listitem>
356 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
357 conventional to put these in both
358 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
359 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
360 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
361 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
362 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
363 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
364 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
365 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
366 results</para>
367 </listitem>
368 </varlistentry>
369 <varlistentry>
370 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
371 <listitem>
372 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
373 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
374 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
375 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
376 directory.</para>
377 </listitem>
378 </varlistentry>
379 <varlistentry>
380 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
381 <listitem>
382 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
383 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
384 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
385 </listitem>
386 </varlistentry>
387 </variablelist>
388
389
390 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
391 script:</para>
392
393<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
394
395 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
396 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
397 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
398 timezones listed in <filename
399 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
400 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
401 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
402
403 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
404 running:</para>
405
406<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
407 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
408
409 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
410 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
411
412 <variablelist>
413 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
414
415 <varlistentry>
416 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
419 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
420 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
421 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
422 single user mode.</para>
423 </listitem>
424 </varlistentry>
425
426 </variablelist>
427
428 </sect2>
429
430 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
431 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
432
433 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
434 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436
437 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
438 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
439 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
440 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
441 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
442 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
443 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
444 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
445 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
446 to contain additional libraries are <filename
447 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
448 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
449 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
450
451 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
452 following:</para>
453
454<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
455<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
456/usr/local/lib
457/opt/lib
458</literal>
459EOF</userinput></screen>
460
461 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
462 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
463 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
464 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
465
466<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
467<literal># Add an include directory
468include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
469</literal>
470EOF
471mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
472
473 </sect2>
474
475 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
476 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
477
478 <segmentedlist>
479 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
480 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
481 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
482
483 <seglistitem>
484 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
485 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
486 pldd, pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
487 zdump, and zic</seg>
488 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
489 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
490 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
491 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
492 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
493 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
494 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
495 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
496 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
497 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
498 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
499 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
500 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
501 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
502 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
503 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
504 </seglistitem>
505 </segmentedlist>
506
507 <variablelist>
508 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
509 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
510 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
511
512 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
513 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
516 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
518 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="gencat">
524 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
527 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
528 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
529 </indexterm>
530 </listitem>
531 </varlistentry>
532
533 <varlistentry id="getconf">
534 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
537 specific variables</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
539 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="getent">
545 <term><command>getent</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
549 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="iconv">
555 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
559 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
565 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
568 files</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
570 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
576 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
580 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="ldd">
586 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
589 by each given program or shared library</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
591 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
597 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
601 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="locale">
607 <term><command>locale</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
611 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="localedef">
617 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
621 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="makedb">
627 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
631 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
637 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
640 in human-readable format</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
642 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="nscd">
648 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
651 service requests</para>
652 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
653 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
654 </indexterm>
655 </listitem>
656 </varlistentry>
657
658 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
659 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
660 <listitem>
661 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
663 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="pldd">
669 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
673 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
679 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
682 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
684 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
690 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
693 protocol</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
695 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="sln">
701 <term><command>sln</command></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
705 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
711 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
715 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="sprof">
721 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
725 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
731 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
734 the corresponding time zone description</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
736 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
742 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
745 executed function</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
747 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="zdump">
753 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
757 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="zic">
763 <term><command>zic</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
767 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
777 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
786 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
787 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
788 for more information</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
790 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
796 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
799 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
801 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libanl">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
811 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
817 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
820 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
822 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libc">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>The main C library</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
832 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836
837 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
841 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
843 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>The cryptography library</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
853 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="libdl">
859 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
862 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
863 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
864 </indexterm>
865 </listitem>
866 </varlistentry>
867
868 <varlistentry id="libg">
869 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
870 <listitem>
871 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
872 library for <command>g++</command></para>
873 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
874 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
875 </indexterm>
876 </listitem>
877 </varlistentry>
878
879 <varlistentry id="libieee">
880 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
881 <listitem>
882 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
883 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
884 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
886 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="libm">
892 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>The mathematical library</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
896 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
902 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
906 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
912 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
915 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
916 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
917 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
918 </indexterm>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
923 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para>The network services library</para>
926 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
927 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
928 </indexterm>
929 </listitem>
930 </varlistentry>
931
932 <varlistentry id="libnss">
933 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
934 <listitem>
935 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
936 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
937 protocols, etc.</para>
938 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
939 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
940 </indexterm>
941 </listitem>
942 </varlistentry>
943
944 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
945 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
946 <listitem>
947 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
948 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
949 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
950 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
951 </indexterm>
952 </listitem>
953 </varlistentry>
954
955 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
956 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
957 <listitem>
958 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
959 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
960 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
961 </indexterm>
962 </listitem>
963 </varlistentry>
964
965 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
966 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
967 <listitem>
968 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
969 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
970 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
971 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
972 </indexterm>
973 </listitem>
974 </varlistentry>
975
976 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
977 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
978 <listitem>
979 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
980 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
981 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
982 </indexterm>
983 </listitem>
984 </varlistentry>
985
986 <varlistentry id="librt">
987 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
988 <listitem>
989 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
990 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
991 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
992 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
993 </indexterm>
994 </listitem>
995 </varlistentry>
996
997 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
998 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
999 <listitem>
1000 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
1001 multi-threaded programs</para>
1002 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
1003 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
1004 </indexterm>
1005 </listitem>
1006 </varlistentry>
1007
1008 <varlistentry id="libutil">
1009 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
1010 <listitem>
1011 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
1012 many different Unix utilities</para>
1013 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
1014 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
1015 </indexterm>
1016 </listitem>
1017 </varlistentry>
1018
1019 </variablelist>
1020
1021 </sect2>
1022
1023</sect1>
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