source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 5f7456b

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Last change on this file since 5f7456b was 5f7456b, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 15 years ago

Various text corrections from Chris Staub. Fixes #2470.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
65 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
66 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
67 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
68 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
71mv -v glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
72
73<!--
74 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
75
76 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
77 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
78 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
79 avoid the problem:</para>
80
81<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
82-->
83
84 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
85 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
86 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
87 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
88 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
89 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
90
91<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
92sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
93 scripts/test-installation.pl
94unset DL</userinput></screen>
95
96 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
97 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
98 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
99 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
100 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
101
102<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
103
104 <para>Fix an error in one of the make check routines. Note that the escaped
105 newline in the second <command>sed</command> is required:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i s/utf8/UTF-8/ libio/tst-fgetwc.c
108sed -i '/tst-fgetws-ENV/ a\
109tst-fgetwc-ENV = LOCPATH=$(common-objpfx)localedata' libio/Makefile</userinput></screen>
110
111 <!-- This sed can be removed for any glibc newer than 2.10.1 (along with the
112 matching sed in chapter 5). See glibc bug 10262. -->
113 <para>Fix an error in the constants that get passed to the futex system
114 call in some cases, causing certain pthread_mutex operations to fail:</para>
115
116<!-- Format below is for proper pdf generation -->
117<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i \
118 -e 's/FUTEX_WAIT\( | FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME, reg\)/FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET\1/' \
119 nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/i486/lowlevellock.S</userinput></screen>
120
121 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
122 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
123
124<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
125cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
126
127 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
128 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
129 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
130
131<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
132 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
133esac</userinput></screen>
134
135 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
136
137<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
138 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
139 --enable-kernel=2.6.18 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
140
141 <variablelist>
142 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
143
144 <varlistentry>
145 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
146 <listitem>
147 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
148 program from its default of <filename
149 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
150 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
151 </listitem>
152 </varlistentry>
153
154 </variablelist>
155
156 <para>Compile the package:</para>
157
158<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
159
160 <important>
161 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
162 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
163 </important>
164
165 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
166 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
167 results:</para>
168
169<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
170make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
171grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
172
173 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
174 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
175 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
176 common issues:</para>
177
178 <itemizedlist>
179 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
180 <listitem>
181 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
182 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
183 </listitem>
184 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6 -->
185 <listitem>
186 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
187 <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
188 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
189 are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
190 </listitem>
191 <listitem>
192 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
193 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
194 authentic AMD processor.</para>
195 </listitem>
196 <listitem>
197 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
198 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
199 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
200 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
201 </listitem>
202 <listitem>
203 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
204 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
205 </listitem>
206 </itemizedlist>
207
208 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
209 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
210 Prevent this warning with:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Install the package:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
217
218 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
219 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
220 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
221 skip important testcases.</para>
222
223 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
224 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
225 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
226 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
227 charset-independent locale definition with the
228 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
229 charmap definition and appends the result to the
230 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
231 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
232 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
233
234<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
235localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
236localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
237localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
238localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
239localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
240localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
241localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
242localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
243localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
244localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
245localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
246localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
247localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
248localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
249localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
250localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
251localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
252
253 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
254 character set.</para>
255
256 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
257 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
258 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
259 following time-consuming command:</para>
260
261<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
262
263 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
264 install locales not listed in the
265 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
266 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
267 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
268 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
269
270 </sect2>
271
272 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
273 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
274
275 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
276 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
277 </indexterm>
278
279 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
280 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
281 </indexterm>
282
283 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
284 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
285 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
286 also needs to be configured.</para>
287
288 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
289 following:</para>
290
291<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
292<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
293
294passwd: files
295group: files
296shadow: files
297
298hosts: files dns
299networks: files
300
301protocols: files
302services: files
303ethers: files
304rpc: files
305
306# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
307EOF</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
310 script:</para>
311
312<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
313
314 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
315 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
316 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
317 timezones listed in <filename
318 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
319 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
320 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
321
322 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
323 running:</para>
324
325<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
326 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
327
328 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
329 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
330
331 <variablelist>
332 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
333
334 <varlistentry>
335 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
336 <listitem>
337 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
338 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
339 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
340 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
341 single user mode.</para>
342 </listitem>
343 </varlistentry>
344
345 </variablelist>
346
347 </sect2>
348
349 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
350 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
351
352 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
353 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
354 </indexterm>
355
356 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
357 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
358 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
359 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
360 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
361 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
362 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
363 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
364 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
365 to contain additional libraries are <filename
366 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
367 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
368 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
369
370 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
371 following:</para>
372
373<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
374<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
375
376/usr/local/lib
377/opt/lib
378
379# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
380EOF</userinput></screen>
381
382 </sect2>
383
384 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
385 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
386
387 <segmentedlist>
388 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
389 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
390
391 <seglistitem>
392 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
393 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
394 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
395 zdump, and zic</seg>
396 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
397 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
398 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
399 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
400 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
401 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
402 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
403 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
404 </seglistitem>
405 </segmentedlist>
406
407 <variablelist>
408 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
409 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
410 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
411
412 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
413 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
414 <listitem>
415 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
416 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
417 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
418 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
419 </indexterm>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422
423 <varlistentry id="gencat">
424 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
428 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="getconf">
434 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
437 specific variables</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
439 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="getent">
445 <term><command>getent</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
449 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="iconv">
455 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
459 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
465 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
468 files</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
470 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
476 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
480 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="ldd">
486 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
489 by each given program or shared library</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
491 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
497 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
501 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="locale">
507 <term><command>locale</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
511 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="localedef">
517 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
521 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
527 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
530 in human-readable format</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
532 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="nscd">
538 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
541 service requests</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
543 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
549 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
553 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
559 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
562 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
564 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
570 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
573 protocol</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
575 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
581 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
585 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="sln">
591 <term><command>sln</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
595 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="sprof">
601 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
605 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609
610 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
611 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
612 <listitem>
613 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
614 the corresponding time zone description</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
616 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
622 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
625 executed function</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
627 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="zdump">
633 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
637 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="zic">
643 <term><command>zic</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
647 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
653 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
657 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
663 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
666 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
667 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
668 for more information</para>
669 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
670 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
671 </indexterm>
672 </listitem>
673 </varlistentry>
674
675 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
676 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
677 <listitem>
678 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
679 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
681 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="libanl">
687 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
691 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
697 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
700 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
702 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="libc">
708 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>The main C library</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
712 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
718 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
721 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
723 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>The cryptography library</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
733 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="libdl">
739 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
743 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="libg">
749 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
752 library for <command>g++</command></para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
754 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libieee">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
763 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
764 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
766 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libm">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>The mathematical library</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
776 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
782 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
785 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
786 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
787 </indexterm>
788 </listitem>
789 </varlistentry>
790
791 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
792 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
793 <listitem>
794 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
795 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
797 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>The network services library</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
807 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libnss">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
816 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
817 protocols, etc.</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
819 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
828 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
830 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
836 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
840 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
849 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
851 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
861 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="librt">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
870 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
872 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
881 multi-threaded programs</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
883 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="libutil">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
892 many different Unix utilities</para>
893 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
894 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
895 </indexterm>
896 </listitem>
897 </varlistentry>
898
899 </variablelist>
900
901 </sect2>
902
903</sect1>
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