source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 7e8e2c0

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Last change on this file since 7e8e2c0 was 7e8e2c0, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 17 years ago

Add upstream fixes for Glibc, bringing it up to date with the 2.5 release branch

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@7940 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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File size: 31.4 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25 <segmentedlist>
26 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
27 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
28
29 <seglistitem>
30 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
31 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
32 </seglistitem>
33 </segmentedlist>
34
35 </sect2>
36
37 <sect2 role="installation">
38 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
39
40 <note>
41 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
42 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
43 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
44 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
45 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
46 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
47 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
48 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
49 </note>
50
51 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
52 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
53 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
54 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
55 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
56 of achieving a clean build.</para>
57
58 <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
59 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
60 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
61 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
62 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
63
64<screen><userinput>tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
65mv glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite loop
68 at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command> bug or a
69 Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to avoid the
70 problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73
74 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
75 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
76 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
77 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
78 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
79 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
80
81<screen><userinput>sed -i \
82's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
83 scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
84
85 <para>Apply a patch to obtain various fixes that the upstream maintainers
86 have provided:</para>
87
88<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-branch_update-patch;</userinput></screen>
89
90 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
91 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
92
93<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
94cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
95
96 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
97
98<screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
99 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
100 --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
101
102 <variablelist>
103 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
109 program from its default of <filename
110 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
111 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 </variablelist>
116
117 <para>Compile the package:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
120
121 <important>
122 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
123 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
124 </important>
125
126 <para>Test the results:</para>
127
128<screen><userinput>make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
129grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
130
131 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
132 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
133 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
134 common issues:</para>
135
136 <itemizedlist>
137 <listitem>
138 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
139 <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
140 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
141 are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
142 </listitem>
143 <listitem>
144 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
145 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
146 authentic AMD processor.</para>
147 </listitem>
148 <listitem>
149 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
150 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
151 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
152 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
153 </listitem>
154 <listitem>
155 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
156 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
157 </listitem>
158 </itemizedlist>
159
160 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
161 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
162 Prevent this warning with:</para>
163
164<screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
165
166 <para>Install the package:</para>
167
168<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
169
170 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
171 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
172 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
173 skip important testcases.</para>
174
175 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
176 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
177 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
178 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename>
179 charset-independent locale definition with the
180 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename>
181 charmap definition and appends the result to the
182 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
183 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
184 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
185
186<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
187localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
188localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
189localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
190localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
191localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
192localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
193localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
194localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
195localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
196localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
197localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
198localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
199localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
202 character set.</para>
203
204 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
205 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
206 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
207 following time-consuming command:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
212 install locales not listed in the
213 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
214 in the unlikely case if you need them.</para>
215 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
216 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
217
218 </sect2>
219
220 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
221 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
222
223 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
224 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
225 </indexterm>
226
227 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
228 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
229 </indexterm>
230
231 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
232 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
233 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
234 also needs to be configured.</para>
235
236 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
237 following:</para>
238
239<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
240<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
241
242passwd: files
243group: files
244shadow: files
245
246hosts: files dns
247networks: files
248
249protocols: files
250services: files
251ethers: files
252rpc: files
253
254# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
255EOF</userinput></screen>
256
257 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
258 script:</para>
259
260<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
261
262 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
263 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
264 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
265 timezones listed in <filename
266 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
267 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
268 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
269
270 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
271 running:</para>
272
273<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
274 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
277 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
278
279 <variablelist>
280 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
281
282 <varlistentry>
283 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
284 <listitem>
285 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
286 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
287 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
288 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
289 single user mode.</para>
290 </listitem>
291 </varlistentry>
292
293 </variablelist>
294
295 </sect2>
296
297 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
298 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
299
300 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
301 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303
304 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
305 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
306 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
307 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
308 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
309 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
310 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
311 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
312 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
313 to contain additional libraries are <filename
314 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
315 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
316 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
317
318 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
319 following:</para>
320
321<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
322<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
323
324/usr/local/lib
325/opt/lib
326
327# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
328EOF</userinput></screen>
329
330 </sect2>
331
332 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
333 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
334
335 <segmentedlist>
336 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
337 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
338
339 <seglistitem>
340 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
341 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
342 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
343 zdump, and zic</seg>
344 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
345 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
346 libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
347 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
348 libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
349 libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, and
350 libutil.{a,so}</seg>
351 </seglistitem>
352 </segmentedlist>
353
354 <variablelist>
355 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
356 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
357 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
358
359 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
360 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
361 <listitem>
362 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
363 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
364 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
365 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
366 </indexterm>
367 </listitem>
368 </varlistentry>
369
370 <varlistentry id="gencat">
371 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
372 <listitem>
373 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
374 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
375 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
376 </indexterm>
377 </listitem>
378 </varlistentry>
379
380 <varlistentry id="getconf">
381 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
382 <listitem>
383 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
384 specific variables</para>
385 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
386 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
387 </indexterm>
388 </listitem>
389 </varlistentry>
390
391 <varlistentry id="getent">
392 <term><command>getent</command></term>
393 <listitem>
394 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
395 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
396 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
397 </indexterm>
398 </listitem>
399 </varlistentry>
400
401 <varlistentry id="iconv">
402 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
403 <listitem>
404 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
405 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
406 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
407 </indexterm>
408 </listitem>
409 </varlistentry>
410
411 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
412 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
415 files</para>
416 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
417 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421
422 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
423 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
424 <listitem>
425 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
426 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
427 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
428 </indexterm>
429 </listitem>
430 </varlistentry>
431
432 <varlistentry id="ldd">
433 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
434 <listitem>
435 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
436 by each given program or shared library</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
438 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
444 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
448 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="locale">
454 <term><command>locale</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
458 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="localedef">
464 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
467 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
468 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
469 </indexterm>
470 </listitem>
471 </varlistentry>
472
473 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
474 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
475 <listitem>
476 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
477 in human-readable format</para>
478 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
479 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
480 </indexterm>
481 </listitem>
482 </varlistentry>
483
484 <varlistentry id="nscd">
485 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
486 <listitem>
487 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
488 service requests</para>
489 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
490 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
496 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
500 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
506 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
509 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
511 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
517 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
520 protocol</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
522 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
528 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
532 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="sln">
538 <term><command>sln</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
542 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="sprof">
548 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
552 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
558 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
561 the corresponding time zone description</para>
562 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
563 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
564 </indexterm>
565 </listitem>
566 </varlistentry>
567
568 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
569 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
570 <listitem>
571 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
572 executed function</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
574 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="zdump">
580 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
584 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="zic">
590 <term><command>zic</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
594 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
600 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
604 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
610 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
613 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
614 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
615 for more information</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
617 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
623 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
626 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
627 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
628 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
629 </indexterm>
630 </listitem>
631 </varlistentry>
632
633 <varlistentry id="libanl">
634 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
635 <listitem>
636 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
637 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
638 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
639 </indexterm>
640 </listitem>
641 </varlistentry>
642
643 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
644 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
645 <listitem>
646 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain Berkey
647 Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
648 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
649 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
650 </indexterm>
651 </listitem>
652 </varlistentry>
653
654 <varlistentry id="libc">
655 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
656 <listitem>
657 <para>The main C library</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
659 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
665 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
668 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
669 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
670 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
671 </indexterm>
672 </listitem>
673 </varlistentry>
674
675 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
676 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
677 <listitem>
678 <para>The cryptography library</para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
680 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="libdl">
686 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
690 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="libg">
696 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
699 library for <command>g++</command></para>
700 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
701 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
702 </indexterm>
703 </listitem>
704 </varlistentry>
705
706 <varlistentry id="libieee">
707 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
708 <listitem>
709 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
710 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
711 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
713 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libm">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>The mathematical library</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
723 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
733 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
739 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
742 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
744 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>The network services library</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
754 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libnss">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
763 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
764 protocols, etc.</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
766 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
775 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
777 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
787 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
796 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
798 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
808 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="librt">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
817 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
819 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
828 multi-threaded programs</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
830 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="libutil">
836 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
839 many different Unix utilities</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
841 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 </variablelist>
847
848 </sect2>
849
850</sect1>
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