source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 8399b37

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Last change on this file since 8399b37 was 8399b37, checked in by Ken Moffat <ken@…>, 15 years ago

Fix typo - I hope.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@8744 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <!-- <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
65 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
66 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
67 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
68 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
71mv glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>-->
72
73 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
74 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
75 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
76 avoid the problem:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
79
80 <!-- <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
81 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
82 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
83 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
84 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
85 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i \
88's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
89 scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen> -->
90
91 <para>First apply two patches which correct failures in the test
92 suite:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-iconv-test-fixes-patch;
95patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-ildoubl-test-fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
96
97
98 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
99 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
100 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
101 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
102 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
103
104<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
105
106 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
107 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
110cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
111
112 <para>Again, add the needed compiler flag to CFLAGS:</para>
113
114<screen><userinput remap="configure">echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
115
116 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
119 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
120 --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
121
122 <variablelist>
123 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
124
125 <varlistentry>
126 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
127 <listitem>
128 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
129 program from its default of <filename
130 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
131 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
132 </listitem>
133 </varlistentry>
134
135 </variablelist>
136
137 <para>Compile the package:</para>
138
139<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
140
141 <important>
142 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
143 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
144 </important>
145
146 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
147 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
148 results:</para>
149
150<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
151make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
152grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
153
154 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
155 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
156 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
157 common issues:</para>
158
159 <itemizedlist>
160 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
161 <listitem>
162 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
163 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
164 </listitem>
165 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6 -->
166 <listitem>
167 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
168 <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
169 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
170 are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
171 </listitem>
172 <listitem>
173 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
174 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
175 authentic AMD processor.</para>
176 </listitem>
177 <listitem>
178 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
179 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
180 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
181 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
182 </listitem>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
185 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
186 </listitem>
187 </itemizedlist>
188
189 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
190 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
191 Prevent this warning with:</para>
192
193<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
194
195 <para>Install the package:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
200 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
201 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
202 skip important testcases.</para>
203
204 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
205 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
206 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
207 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
208 charset-independent locale definition with the
209 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
210 charmap definition and appends the result to the
211 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
212 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
213 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
214
215<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
216localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
217localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
218localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
219localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
220localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
221localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
222localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
223localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
224localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
225localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
226localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
227localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
228localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
229localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
230localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
231localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
232localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
233
234 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
235 character set.</para>
236
237 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
238 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
239 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
240 following time-consuming command:</para>
241
242<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
243
244 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
245 install locales not listed in the
246 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
247 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
248 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
249 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
250
251 </sect2>
252
253 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
254 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
255
256 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
257 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
258 </indexterm>
259
260 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
261 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
262 </indexterm>
263
264 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
265 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
266 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
267 also needs to be configured.</para>
268
269 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
270 following:</para>
271
272<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
273<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
274
275passwd: files
276group: files
277shadow: files
278
279hosts: files dns
280networks: files
281
282protocols: files
283services: files
284ethers: files
285rpc: files
286
287# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
288EOF</userinput></screen>
289
290 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
291 script:</para>
292
293<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
294
295 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
296 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
297 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
298 timezones listed in <filename
299 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
300 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
301 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
302
303 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
304 running:</para>
305
306<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
307 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
310 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
311
312 <variablelist>
313 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
314
315 <varlistentry>
316 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
317 <listitem>
318 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
319 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
320 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
321 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
322 single user mode.</para>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325
326 </variablelist>
327
328 </sect2>
329
330 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
331 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
332
333 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
334 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
335 </indexterm>
336
337 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
338 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
339 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
340 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
341 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
342 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
343 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
344 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
345 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
346 to contain additional libraries are <filename
347 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
348 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
349 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
350
351 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
352 following:</para>
353
354<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
355<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
356
357/usr/local/lib
358/opt/lib
359
360# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
361EOF</userinput></screen>
362
363 </sect2>
364
365 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
366 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
367
368 <segmentedlist>
369 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
370 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
371
372 <seglistitem>
373 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
374 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
375 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
376 zdump, and zic</seg>
377 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
378 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
379 libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so,
380 libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so,
381 libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so,
382 libpthread.{a,so}, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
383 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
384 </seglistitem>
385 </segmentedlist>
386
387 <variablelist>
388 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
389 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
390 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
391
392 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
393 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
396 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
397 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
398 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
399 </indexterm>
400 </listitem>
401 </varlistentry>
402
403 <varlistentry id="gencat">
404 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
405 <listitem>
406 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
407 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
408 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
409 </indexterm>
410 </listitem>
411 </varlistentry>
412
413 <varlistentry id="getconf">
414 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
415 <listitem>
416 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
417 specific variables</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
419 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="getent">
425 <term><command>getent</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
428 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
429 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
430 </indexterm>
431 </listitem>
432 </varlistentry>
433
434 <varlistentry id="iconv">
435 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
436 <listitem>
437 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
439 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
445 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
448 files</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
450 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
456 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
460 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="ldd">
466 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
469 by each given program or shared library</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
471 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
477 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
481 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="locale">
487 <term><command>locale</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
491 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="localedef">
497 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
501 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
507 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
510 in human-readable format</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
512 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="nscd">
518 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
521 service requests</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
523 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
529 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
533 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
539 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
542 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
544 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
550 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
553 protocol</para>
554 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
555 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
556 </indexterm>
557 </listitem>
558 </varlistentry>
559
560 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
561 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
562 <listitem>
563 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
565 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="sln">
571 <term><command>sln</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
575 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="sprof">
581 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
585 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
591 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
594 the corresponding time zone description</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
596 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
602 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
605 executed function</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
607 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="zdump">
613 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
617 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="zic">
623 <term><command>zic</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
627 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
633 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
637 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
643 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
646 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
647 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
648 for more information</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
650 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
656 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
659 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
661 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="libanl">
667 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
671 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
677 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
680 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
682 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="libc">
688 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>The main C library</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
692 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
698 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
701 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
703 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
709 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>The cryptography library</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
713 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libdl">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
723 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libg">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
732 library for <command>g++</command></para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
734 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libieee">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
743 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
744 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
746 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="libm">
752 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>The mathematical library</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
756 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
766 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
775 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
777 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>The network services library</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
787 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libnss">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
796 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
797 protocols, etc.</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
799 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
808 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
810 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
816 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
820 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
829 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
831 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
841 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="librt">
847 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
850 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
852 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
861 multi-threaded programs</para>
862 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
863 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
864 </indexterm>
865 </listitem>
866 </varlistentry>
867
868 <varlistentry id="libutil">
869 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
870 <listitem>
871 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
872 many different Unix utilities</para>
873 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
874 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
875 </indexterm>
876 </listitem>
877 </varlistentry>
878
879 </variablelist>
880
881 </sect2>
882
883</sect1>
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