source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 872cc74

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Last change on this file since 872cc74 was 872cc74, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

Fix hardcoded reference to /tools in Chapter 6 glibc

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>An upstream change needs to be reverted:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/static __m128i/inline &amp;/' sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/strstr.c</userinput></screen>
67
68 <para>Allow Glibc to be built with Make-&make-version;:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -r -i 's/(3..89..)/\1 | 4.*/' configure</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
73 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
74
75<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
76cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
77
78 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput remap="configure">SED=sed ../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
81 --prefix=/usr \
82 --disable-profile \
83 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
84 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
85
86 <variablelist>
87 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><envar>SED=sed</envar></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>Setting this environment variable prevents a hard-coded
93 path to /tools/bin/sed.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This changes the location of some auxillary files from the
101 default of <filename class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to
102 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 </variablelist>
107
108 <para>Compile the package:</para>
109
110<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
111
112 <important>
113 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
114 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
115 </important>
116
117 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
118 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
119
120<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
121grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
122
123 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
124 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
125 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
126 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
127 most common issues:</para>
128
129 <itemizedlist>
130
131 <listitem>
132 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
133 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
134 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
135 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
136 tests have been known to fail. The
137 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
138 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
139 </listitem>
140
141 <listitem>
142 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
143 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
144 authentic AMD processor.</para>
145 </listitem>
146
147 <listitem>
148 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
149 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
150 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
151 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
152 make -k check</command>).</para>
153 </listitem>
154
155 <listitem>
156 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
157 connection when the test is run.</para>
158 </listitem>
159
160 <listitem>
161 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
162 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
163 </listitem>
164
165 </itemizedlist>
166
167 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
168 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
169 Prevent this warning with:</para>
170
171<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
172
173 <para>Install the package:</para>
174
175<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
176
177 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
178 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
179 packages:</para>
180
181<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
182cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
183cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
184
185 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
186 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
187 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
188 skip important testcases.</para>
189
190 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
191 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
192 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
193 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
194 charset-independent locale definition with the
195 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
196 charmap definition and appends the result to the
197 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
198 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
199 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
200
201<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
202localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
203localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
204localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
205localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
206localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
207localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
208localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
209localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
210localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
211localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
212localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
213localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
214localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
215localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
216localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
217localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
218localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
219localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
220localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
221localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
222localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
225 character set.</para>
226
227 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
228 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
229 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
230 following time-consuming command:</para>
231
232<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
233
234 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
235 install locales not listed in the
236 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
237 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
238
239 </sect2>
240
241 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
242 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
243
244 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
245 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
246 </indexterm>
247
248 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
249 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
250 </indexterm>
251
252 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
253 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
254 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
255 also needs to be configured.</para>
256
257 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
258 following:</para>
259
260<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
261<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
262
263passwd: files
264group: files
265shadow: files
266
267hosts: files dns
268networks: files
269
270protocols: files
271services: files
272ethers: files
273rpc: files
274
275# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
276EOF</userinput></screen>
277
278 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
279<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
280
281ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
282mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
283
284for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
285 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
286 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
287 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
288 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
289done
290
291cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
292zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
293unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
294
295 <variablelist>
296 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
297
298 <varlistentry>
299 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
300 <listitem>
301 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
302 conventional to put these in both
303 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
304 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
305 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
306 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
307 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
308 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
309 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
310 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
311 results</para>
312 </listitem>
313 </varlistentry>
314 <varlistentry>
315 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
316 <listitem>
317 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
318 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
319 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
320 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
321 directory.</para>
322 </listitem>
323 </varlistentry>
324 <varlistentry>
325 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
326 <listitem>
327 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
328 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
329 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
330 </listitem>
331 </varlistentry>
332 </variablelist>
333
334
335 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
336 script:</para>
337
338<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
339
340 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
341 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
342 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
343 timezones listed in <filename
344 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
345 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
346 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
347
348 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
349 running:</para>
350
351<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
352 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
353
354 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
355 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
356
357 <variablelist>
358 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
359
360 <varlistentry>
361 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
364 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
365 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
366 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
367 single user mode.</para>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 </variablelist>
372
373 </sect2>
374
375 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
376 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
377
378 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
379 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
380 </indexterm>
381
382 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
383 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
384 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
385 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
386 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
387 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
388 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
389 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
390 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
391 to contain additional libraries are <filename
392 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
393 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
394 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
395
396 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
397 following:</para>
398
399<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
400<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
401/usr/local/lib
402/opt/lib
403</literal>
404EOF</userinput></screen>
405
406 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
407 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
408 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
409 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
410
411<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
412<literal># Add an include directory
413include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
414</literal>
415EOF
416mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
417
418 </sect2>
419
420 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
421 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
422
423 <segmentedlist>
424 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
425 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
426 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
427
428 <seglistitem>
429 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
430 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
431 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
432 zdump, and zic</seg>
433 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
434 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
435 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
436 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
437 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
438 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
439 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
440 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
441 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
442 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
443 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
444 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
445 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
446 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
447 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
448 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
449 </seglistitem>
450 </segmentedlist>
451
452 <variablelist>
453 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
454 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
455 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
456
457 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
458 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
461 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
462 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
463 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
464 </indexterm>
465 </listitem>
466 </varlistentry>
467
468 <varlistentry id="gencat">
469 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
470 <listitem>
471 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
473 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="getconf">
479 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
482 specific variables</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
484 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="getent">
490 <term><command>getent</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
493 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
494 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
495 </indexterm>
496 </listitem>
497 </varlistentry>
498
499 <varlistentry id="iconv">
500 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
501 <listitem>
502 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
504 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
510 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
513 files</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
515 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
521 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
525 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="ldd">
531 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
534 by each given program or shared library</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
536 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
542 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
546 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="locale">
552 <term><command>locale</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
555 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
556 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 <varlistentry id="localedef">
562 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
563 <listitem>
564 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
565 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
566 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
567 </indexterm>
568 </listitem>
569 </varlistentry>
570
571 <varlistentry id="makedb">
572 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
573 <listitem>
574 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
575 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
576 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
577 </indexterm>
578 </listitem>
579 </varlistentry>
580
581 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
582 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
583 <listitem>
584 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
585 in human-readable format</para>
586 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
587 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
588 </indexterm>
589 </listitem>
590 </varlistentry>
591
592 <varlistentry id="nscd">
593 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
594 <listitem>
595 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
596 service requests</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
598 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
604 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
607 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
608 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
609 </indexterm>
610 </listitem>
611 </varlistentry>
612
613 <varlistentry id="pldd">
614 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
615 <listitem>
616 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
618 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622<!--
623 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
624 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
627 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
629 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633-->
634 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
635 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
638 protocol</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
640 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="sln">
646 <term><command>sln</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
650 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
656 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
659 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
660 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
661 </indexterm>
662 </listitem>
663 </varlistentry>
664
665 <varlistentry id="sprof">
666 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
667 <listitem>
668 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
669 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
670 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
671 </indexterm>
672 </listitem>
673 </varlistentry>
674
675 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
676 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
677 <listitem>
678 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
679 the corresponding time zone description</para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
681 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
687 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
690 executed function</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
692 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="zdump">
698 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
702 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="zic">
708 <term><command>zic</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
712 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
718 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
722 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
731 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
732 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
733 for more information</para>
734 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
735 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
736 </indexterm>
737 </listitem>
738 </varlistentry>
739
740 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
741 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
742 <listitem>
743 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
744 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
746 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="libanl">
752 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
756 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
765 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
767 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="libc">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>The main C library</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
777 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
786 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
788 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>The cryptography library</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
798 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libdl">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
808 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="libg">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
817 library for <command>g++</command></para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
819 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libieee">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
828 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
829 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
831 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="libm">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>The mathematical library</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
841 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
847 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
851 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
860 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
862 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>The network services library</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
872 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libnss">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
881 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
882 protocols, etc.</para>
883 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
884 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
885 </indexterm>
886 </listitem>
887 </varlistentry>
888
889 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
890 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
891 <listitem>
892 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
893 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
894 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
895 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
896 </indexterm>
897 </listitem>
898 </varlistentry>
899
900 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
901 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
902 <listitem>
903 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
905 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
911 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
914 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
915 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
916 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
917 </indexterm>
918 </listitem>
919 </varlistentry>
920
921 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
922 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
923 <listitem>
924 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
926 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 <varlistentry id="librt">
932 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
933 <listitem>
934 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
935 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
937 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
943 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
944 <listitem>
945 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
946 multi-threaded programs</para>
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
948 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 <varlistentry id="libutil">
954 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
955 <listitem>
956 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
957 many different Unix utilities</para>
958 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
959 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
960 </indexterm>
961 </listitem>
962 </varlistentry>
963
964 </variablelist>
965
966 </sect2>
967
968</sect1>
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