source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 8b69ae4

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Last change on this file since 8b69ae4 was 8b69ae4, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 10 years ago

Make sed for omit-frame-pointers the same in Chapters 5 and 6. i
Simplify zimesone configuration in glibc.
Let the glibc Makefile install rpc headers.
Update to linux-3.13.3.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10467 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>First fix a minor problem when installing the tzselect script:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/\\$$(pwd)/`pwd`/' timezone/Makefile</userinput></screen>
60
61 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
62 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
63 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
64 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
65 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
66 of achieving a clean build.</para>
67
68 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
69 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
70
71<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
72cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
73
74 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
75
76<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
77 --prefix=/usr \
78 --disable-profile \
79 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
80 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc \
81 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
82
83 <variablelist>
84 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
85
86 <varlistentry>
87 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
88 <listitem>
89 <para>This changes the location of some auxillary files from the
90 default of <filename class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to
91 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94
95 <varlistentry>
96 <term><parameter>--enable-obsolete-rpc</parameter></term>
97 <listitem>
98 <para>Installs NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
99 default; these are required to rebuild Glibc and by several BLFS
100 packages.</para>
101 </listitem>
102 </varlistentry>
103
104 </variablelist>
105
106 <para>Compile the package:</para>
107
108<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
109
110 <important>
111 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
112 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
113 </important>
114
115 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
116 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
119grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
120
121 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
122 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
123 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
124 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
125 most common issues:</para>
126
127 <itemizedlist>
128
129 <listitem>
130 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
131 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
132 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
133 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
134 tests have been known to fail. The
135 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
136 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
137 </listitem>
138
139 <listitem>
140 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
141 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
142 authentic AMD processor.</para>
143 </listitem>
144
145 <listitem>
146 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
147 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
148 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
149 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
150 make -k check</command>).</para>
151 </listitem>
152
153 <listitem>
154 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
155 connection when the test is run.</para>
156 </listitem>
157
158 <listitem>
159 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
160 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
161 </listitem>
162
163 </itemizedlist>
164
165 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
166 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
167 Prevent this warning with:</para>
168
169<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
170
171 <para>Install the package:</para>
172
173<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
174
175 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
176 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
177 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
178 skip important testcases.</para>
179
180 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
181 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
182 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
183 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
184 charset-independent locale definition with the
185 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
186 charmap definition and appends the result to the
187 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
188 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
189 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
190
191<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
192localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
193localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
194localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
195localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
196localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
197localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
198localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
199localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
200localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
201localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
202localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
203localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
204localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
205localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
206localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
207localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
208localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
209localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
210localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
211localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
212localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
215 character set.</para>
216
217 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
218 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
219 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
220 following time-consuming command:</para>
221
222<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
225 install locales not listed in the
226 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
227 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
228
229 </sect2>
230
231 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
232 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
233
234 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
235 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
236 </indexterm>
237
238 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
239 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
240 </indexterm>
241
242 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
243 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
244 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
245 also needs to be configured.</para>
246
247 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
248 following:</para>
249
250<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
251<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
252
253passwd: files
254group: files
255shadow: files
256
257hosts: files dns
258networks: files
259
260protocols: files
261services: files
262ethers: files
263rpc: files
264
265# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
266EOF</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
269<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
270
271ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
272mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
273
274for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
275 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
276 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
277 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
278 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
279done
280
281cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
282zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
283unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
284
285 <variablelist>
286 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
287
288 <varlistentry>
289 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
290 <listitem>
291 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
292 conventional to put these in both
293 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
294 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
295 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
296 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
297 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
298 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
299 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
300 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
301 results</para>
302 </listitem>
303 </varlistentry>
304 <varlistentry>
305 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
306 <listitem>
307 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
308 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
309 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
310 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
311 directory.</para>
312 </listitem>
313 </varlistentry>
314 <varlistentry>
315 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
316 <listitem>
317 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
318 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
319 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
320 </listitem>
321 </varlistentry>
322 </variablelist>
323
324
325 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
326 script:</para>
327
328<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
329
330 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
331 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
332 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
333 timezones listed in <filename
334 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
335 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
336 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
337
338 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
339 running:</para>
340
341<screen><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
342
343 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
344 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
345
346 </sect2>
347
348 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
349 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
350
351 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
352 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
353 </indexterm>
354
355 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
356 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
357 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
358 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
359 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
360 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
361 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
362 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
363 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
364 to contain additional libraries are <filename
365 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
366 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
367 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
368
369 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
370 following:</para>
371
372<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
373<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
374/usr/local/lib
375/opt/lib
376</literal>
377EOF</userinput></screen>
378
379 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
380 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
381 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
382 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
383
384<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
385<literal># Add an include directory
386include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
387</literal>
388EOF
389mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
390
391 </sect2>
392
393 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
394 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
395
396 <segmentedlist>
397 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
398 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
399 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
400
401 <seglistitem>
402 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
403 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
404 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
405 zdump, and zic</seg>
406 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
407 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
408 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
409 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
410 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
411 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
412 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
413 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
414 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
415 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
416 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
417 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
418 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
419 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
420 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
421 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
422 </seglistitem>
423 </segmentedlist>
424
425 <variablelist>
426 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
427 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
428 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
429
430 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
431 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
434 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
435 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
436 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
437 </indexterm>
438 </listitem>
439 </varlistentry>
440
441 <varlistentry id="gencat">
442 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
443 <listitem>
444 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
445 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
446 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
447 </indexterm>
448 </listitem>
449 </varlistentry>
450
451 <varlistentry id="getconf">
452 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
453 <listitem>
454 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
455 specific variables</para>
456 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
457 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
458 </indexterm>
459 </listitem>
460 </varlistentry>
461
462 <varlistentry id="getent">
463 <term><command>getent</command></term>
464 <listitem>
465 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
466 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
467 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
468 </indexterm>
469 </listitem>
470 </varlistentry>
471
472 <varlistentry id="iconv">
473 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
474 <listitem>
475 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
476 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
477 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
478 </indexterm>
479 </listitem>
480 </varlistentry>
481
482 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
483 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
484 <listitem>
485 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
486 files</para>
487 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
488 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
489 </indexterm>
490 </listitem>
491 </varlistentry>
492
493 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
494 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
498 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
502
503 <varlistentry id="ldd">
504 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
505 <listitem>
506 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
507 by each given program or shared library</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
509 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
515 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
518 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
519 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
520 </indexterm>
521 </listitem>
522 </varlistentry>
523
524 <varlistentry id="locale">
525 <term><command>locale</command></term>
526 <listitem>
527 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
528 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
529 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="localedef">
535 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
539 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="makedb">
545 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
549 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
555 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
558 in human-readable format</para>
559 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
560 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
561 </indexterm>
562 </listitem>
563 </varlistentry>
564
565 <varlistentry id="nscd">
566 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
567 <listitem>
568 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
569 service requests</para>
570 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
571 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
572 </indexterm>
573 </listitem>
574 </varlistentry>
575
576 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
577 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
578 <listitem>
579 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
581 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
586 <varlistentry id="pldd">
587 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
588 <listitem>
589 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
591 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595<!--
596 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
597 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
600 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
601 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
602 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
603 </indexterm>
604 </listitem>
605 </varlistentry>
606-->
607 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
608 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
609 <listitem>
610 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
611 protocol</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
613 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="sln">
619 <term><command>sln</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
623 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
629 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
632 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
633 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="sprof">
639 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
642 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
643 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
644 </indexterm>
645 </listitem>
646 </varlistentry>
647
648 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
649 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
650 <listitem>
651 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
652 the corresponding time zone description</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
654 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
660 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
663 executed function</para>
664 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
665 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
666 </indexterm>
667 </listitem>
668 </varlistentry>
669
670 <varlistentry id="zdump">
671 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
672 <listitem>
673 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
675 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="zic">
681 <term><command>zic</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
685 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
691 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
695 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
701 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
704 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
705 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
706 for more information</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
708 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
714 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
717 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
719 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="libanl">
725 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
729 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="libc">
735 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>The main C library</para>
738 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
739 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
740 </indexterm>
741 </listitem>
742 </varlistentry>
743
744 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
745 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
746 <listitem>
747 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
748 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
749 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
750 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
751 </indexterm>
752 </listitem>
753 </varlistentry>
754
755 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
756 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
757 <listitem>
758 <para>The cryptography library</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
760 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="libdl">
766 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
770 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
775 <varlistentry id="libg">
776 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
779 library for <command>g++</command></para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
781 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="libieee">
787 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
790 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
791 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
793 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="libm">
799 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>The mathematical library</para>
802 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
803 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
804 </indexterm>
805 </listitem>
806 </varlistentry>
807
808 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
809 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
810 <listitem>
811 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
813 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
819 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
822 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
823 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
824 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
825 </indexterm>
826 </listitem>
827 </varlistentry>
828
829 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
830 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
831 <listitem>
832 <para>The network services library</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
834 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="libnss">
840 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
843 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
844 protocols, etc.</para>
845 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
846 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
847 </indexterm>
848 </listitem>
849 </varlistentry>
850
851 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
852 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
853 <listitem>
854 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
855 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
856 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
857 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
858 </indexterm>
859 </listitem>
860 </varlistentry>
861
862 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
863 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
864 <listitem>
865 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
867 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
873 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
876 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
877 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
878 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
879 </indexterm>
880 </listitem>
881 </varlistentry>
882
883 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
884 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
885 <listitem>
886 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
888 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="librt">
894 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
897 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
899 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
905 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
908 multi-threaded programs</para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
910 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="libutil">
916 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
919 many different Unix utilities</para>
920 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
921 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
922 </indexterm>
923 </listitem>
924 </varlistentry>
925
926 </variablelist>
927
928 </sect2>
929
930</sect1>
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