source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 8e91358

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Last change on this file since 8e91358 was 8e91358, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 12 years ago

Install Glibc's NIS and RPC headers again. Fixes #2965.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9670 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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File size: 35.6 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>In addition, there is a bug in the
88 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> script in that it tries to link
89 a test program to a library that isn't installed by
90 <command>make install</command>. Issue the following <command>sed</command>
91 command to fix it:</para>
92
93 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/"db1"/&amp; \&amp;\&amp; $name ne "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
96 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
97 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
98 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
99 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
102
103 <para>Fix a couple of bugs in Glibc that can cause crashes and core dumps:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
110
111 <para>Fix a stack imbalance that occurs under some conditions:</para>
112
113<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '195,213 s/PRIVATE_FUTEX/FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME/' \
114nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/pthread_rwlock_timed{rd,wr}lock.S</userinput></screen>
115
116 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
117 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
120cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
121
122 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
123 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
124 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
125
126<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
127 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
128esac</userinput></screen>
129
130 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
131
132<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
133 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
134 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
135
136 <variablelist>
137 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
138
139 <varlistentry>
140 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
141 <listitem>
142 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
143 program from its default of <filename
144 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
145 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
146 </listitem>
147 </varlistentry>
148
149 </variablelist>
150
151 <para>Compile the package:</para>
152
153<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
154
155 <important>
156 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
157 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
158 </important>
159
160 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
161 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
162 results:</para>
163
164<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
165make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
166grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
167
168 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
169 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
170 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
171 common issues:</para>
172
173 <itemizedlist>
174 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
175 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
176 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
177 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
178 </listitem> -->
179 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
180 <listitem>
181
182 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
183 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
184 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
185 tests have been known to fail. The
186 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
187 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
188
189 </listitem>
190 <listitem>
191 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
192 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
193 authentic AMD processor.</para>
194 </listitem>
195 <listitem>
196 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
197 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
198 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
199 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
200 </listitem>
201 <listitem>
202 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
203 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
204 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
205 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
206 make -k check</command>).</para>
207 </listitem>
208 <listitem>
209 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
210 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
211 </listitem>
212 </itemizedlist>
213
214 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
215 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
216 Prevent this warning with:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Install the package:</para>
221
222<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
225 default; these are required by several BLFS packages:</para>
226
227<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
228cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
229cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
230
231 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
232 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
233 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
234 skip important testcases.</para>
235
236 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
237 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
238 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
239 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
240 charset-independent locale definition with the
241 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
242 charmap definition and appends the result to the
243 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
244 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
245 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
246
247<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
248localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
249localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
250localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
251localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
252localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
253localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
254localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
255localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
256localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
257localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
258localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
259localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
260localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
261localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
262localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
263localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
264localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
265
266 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
267 character set.</para>
268
269 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
270 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
271 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
272 following time-consuming command:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
277 install locales not listed in the
278 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
279 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
280 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
281 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
282
283 </sect2>
284
285 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
286 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
287
288 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
289 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
290 </indexterm>
291
292 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
293 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
294 </indexterm>
295
296 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
297 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
298 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
299 also needs to be configured.</para>
300
301 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
302 following:</para>
303
304<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
305<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
306
307passwd: files
308group: files
309shadow: files
310
311hosts: files dns
312networks: files
313
314protocols: files
315services: files
316ethers: files
317rpc: files
318
319# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
320EOF</userinput></screen>
321
322 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
323 script:</para>
324
325<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
326
327 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
328 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
329 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
330 timezones listed in <filename
331 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
332 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
333 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
334
335 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
336 running:</para>
337
338<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
339 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
340
341 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
342 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
343
344 <variablelist>
345 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
346
347 <varlistentry>
348 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
349 <listitem>
350 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
351 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
352 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
353 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
354 single user mode.</para>
355 </listitem>
356 </varlistentry>
357
358 </variablelist>
359
360 </sect2>
361
362 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
363 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
364
365 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
366 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368
369 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
370 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
371 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
372 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
373 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
374 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
375 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
376 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
377 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
378 to contain additional libraries are <filename
379 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
380 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
381 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
382
383 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
384 following:</para>
385
386<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
387<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
388/usr/local/lib
389/opt/lib
390</literal>
391EOF</userinput></screen>
392
393 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
394 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
395 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
396 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
397
398<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
399<literal># Add an include directory
400include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
401</literal>
402EOF
403mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
404
405 </sect2>
406
407 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
408 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
409
410 <segmentedlist>
411 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
412 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
413 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
414
415 <seglistitem>
416 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
417 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
418 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
419 zdump, and zic</seg>
420 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
421 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
422 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
423 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
424 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
425 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
426 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
427 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
428 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
429 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
430 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
431 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
432 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
433 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
434 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
435 /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
436 </seglistitem>
437 </segmentedlist>
438
439 <variablelist>
440 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
441 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
442 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
443
444 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
445 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
448 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
450 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="gencat">
456 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
460 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="getconf">
466 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
469 specific variables</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
471 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="getent">
477 <term><command>getent</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
481 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="iconv">
487 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
491 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
497 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
500 files</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
502 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
508 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
512 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="ldd">
518 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
521 by each given program or shared library</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
523 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
529 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
533 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="locale">
539 <term><command>locale</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
543 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="localedef">
549 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
553 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
559 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
562 in human-readable format</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
564 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="nscd">
570 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
573 service requests</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
575 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
581 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
585 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
591 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
594 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
596 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
602 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
605 protocol</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
607 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
613 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
617 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="sln">
623 <term><command>sln</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
627 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="sprof">
633 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
637 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
643 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
646 the corresponding time zone description</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
648 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
654 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
657 executed function</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
659 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="zdump">
665 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
669 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="zic">
675 <term><command>zic</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
679 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
685 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
689 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
695 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
698 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
699 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
700 for more information</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
702 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
708 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
711 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
713 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libanl">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
723 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
732 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
734 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libc">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>The main C library</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
744 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
753 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
755 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
761 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>The cryptography library</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
765 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="libdl">
771 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
775 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libg">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
784 library for <command>g++</command></para>
785 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
786 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
787 </indexterm>
788 </listitem>
789 </varlistentry>
790
791 <varlistentry id="libieee">
792 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
793 <listitem>
794 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
795 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
796 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
798 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libm">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>The mathematical library</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
808 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
818 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
824 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
827 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
829 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>The network services library</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
839 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="libnss">
845 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
848 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
849 protocols, etc.</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
851 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
860 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
862 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
872 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
881 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
883 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
893 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="librt">
899 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
902 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
904 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
913 multi-threaded programs</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
915 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="libutil">
921 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
924 many different Unix utilities</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
926 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 </variablelist>
932
933 </sect2>
934
935</sect1>
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