source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 91c8dac

multilib-10.1
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63--><!--
64 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
65 our final glibc:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
68-->
69 <para>Create a symlink for LSB
70 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
71 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
74 i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
75 ;;
76 x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
77 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
78 ;;
79esac</userinput></screen>
80<!--
81 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
82 </para>
83
84<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
85-->
86 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
87 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
88
89<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
90cd build</userinput></screen>
91
92 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr" \
95../configure --prefix=/usr \
96 --disable-werror \
97 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
98 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
99 --with-headers=/usr/include \
100 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
101
102 <variablelist>
103 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr"</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in /tools in result
109 of the compilation as if the files resided in /usr. This avoids
110 introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
118 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
119 </listitem>
120 </varlistentry>
121
122 <varlistentry>
123 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>This option increases system security by adding
126 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
127 smashing attacks.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
135 kernel API headers. By default, those headers are sought in
136 <filename class="directory">/tools/include</filename>.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry>
141 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
144 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
145 </listitem>
146 </varlistentry>
147
148 </variablelist>
149
150 <para>Compile the package:</para>
151
152<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
153
154 <important>
155 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
156 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
157 </important>
158
159 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
160 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
161
162<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
163<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
164 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
165 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
166esac</userinput></screen>
167
168 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
169 stage of building in the chroot envirnment. It will be overwritten
170 in the install phase below.</para></note>
171
172<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
173
174 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
175 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
176 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
177
178 <itemizedlist>
179
180 <listitem>
181 <para><emphasis>misc/check-installed-headers-c</emphasis>
182 is known to fail due to changes in the kernel headers.</para>
183 </listitem>
184
185 <listitem>
186 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
187 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
188 </listitem>
189
190 <listitem>
191 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
192 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
193 </listitem>
194
195 <listitem>
196 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
197 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
198 may fail on some architectures.</para>
199 </listitem>
200
201 <listitem>
202 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
203 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
204 </listitem>
205
206 <listitem>
207 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
208 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
209 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
210 cause these tests to fail.
211 </para>
212 </listitem>
213
214 <listitem>
215 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
216 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
217 AMD processor.</para>
218 </listitem>
219<!--
220 <listitem>
221 <para>The
222 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
223 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
224 </listitem>
225
226 <listitem>
227 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
228 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
229 </listitem>
230-->
231 </itemizedlist>
232
233 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
234 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
235 Prevent this warning with:</para>
236
237<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
238
239 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
240 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
241 </para>
242
243<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Install the package:</para>
246
247<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
248
249 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
250 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
251
252<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
253mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
254
255 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
256 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
257
258 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
259install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
260
261 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
262 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
263 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
264 testcases.</para>
265
266 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
267 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
268 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
269 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
270 charset-independent locale definition with the
271 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
272 charmap definition and appends the result to the
273 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
274 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
275 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
276
277<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
278localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
279localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
280localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
281localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
282localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
283localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
284localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
285localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
286localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
287localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
288localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
289localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
290localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
291localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
292localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
293localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
294localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
295localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
296localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
297localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
298localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
299localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
300localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
301localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
302localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
303localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
304
305 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
306 character set.</para>
307
308 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
309 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
310 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
311 following time-consuming command:</para>
312
313<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
314
315 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
316 install locales not listed in the
317 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
318 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
319
320 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
321 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
322 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
323 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
324 </para></note>
325
326 </sect2>
327
328 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
329 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
330
331 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
332 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334
335 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
336 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338
339 <sect3>
340 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
341
342 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
343 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
344 </para>
345
346 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
347 following:</para>
348
349<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
350<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
351
352passwd: files
353group: files
354shadow: files
355
356hosts: files dns
357networks: files
358
359protocols: files
360services: files
361ethers: files
362rpc: files
363
364# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
365EOF</userinput></screen>
366
367 </sect3>
368
369 <sect3>
370 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
371
372 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
373<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
374
375ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
376mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
377
378for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
379 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
380 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
381 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
382 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
383done
384
385cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
386zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
387unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
388
389 <variablelist>
390 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
391
392 <varlistentry>
393 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
396 conventional to put these in both
397 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
398 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
399 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
400 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
401 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
402 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
403 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
404 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
405 failures.</para>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408 <varlistentry>
409 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
412 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
413 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
414 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
415 directory.</para>
416 </listitem>
417 </varlistentry>
418 <varlistentry>
419 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
420 <listitem>
421 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
422 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
423 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426 </variablelist>
427
428
429 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
430 script:</para>
431
432<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
433
434 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
435 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
436 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
437 time zones listed in <filename
438 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
439 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
440 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
441
442 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
443 running:</para>
444
445<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
446
447<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
448
449 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
450 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
451
452 </sect3>
453
454 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
455 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
456
457 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
458 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460
461 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
462 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
463 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
464 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
465 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
466 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
467 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
468 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
469 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
470 to contain additional libraries are <filename
471 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
472 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
473 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
474
475 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
476 following:</para>
477
478<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
479<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
480/usr/local/lib
481/opt/lib
482</literal>
483EOF</userinput></screen>
484
485 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
486 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
487 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
488 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
489
490<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
491<literal># Add an include directory
492include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
493</literal>
494EOF
495mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
496
497 </sect3>
498 </sect2>
499
500 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
501 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
502
503 <segmentedlist>
504 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
505 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
506 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
507
508 <seglistitem>
509 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
510 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
511 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
512 zdump, and zic</seg>
513 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
514 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
515 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
516 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
517 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
518 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
519 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
520 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
521 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
522 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
523 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
524 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
525 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
526 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
527 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
528 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
529 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
530 </seglistitem>
531 </segmentedlist>
532
533 <variablelist>
534 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
535 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
536 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
537
538 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
539 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
542 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
544 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="gencat">
550 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
554 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="getconf">
560 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
563 specific variables</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
565 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="getent">
571 <term><command>getent</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
575 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="iconv">
581 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
585 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
591 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
594 files</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
596 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
602 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
606 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610
611 <varlistentry id="ldd">
612 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
615 by each given program or shared library</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
617 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
623 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
627 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="locale">
633 <term><command>locale</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
637 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="localedef">
643 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
647 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="makedb">
653 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
657 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
663 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
666 in human-readable format</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
668 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="nscd">
674 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
677 service requests</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
679 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
685 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
689 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="pldd">
695 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
699 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="sln">
705 <term><command>sln</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
709 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
715 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
719 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="sprof">
725 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
729 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
735 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
738 the corresponding time zone description</para>
739 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
740 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
741 </indexterm>
742 </listitem>
743 </varlistentry>
744
745 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
746 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
747 <listitem>
748 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
749 executed function</para>
750 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
751 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
752 </indexterm>
753 </listitem>
754 </varlistentry>
755
756 <varlistentry id="zdump">
757 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
758 <listitem>
759 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
761 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="zic">
767 <term><command>zic</command></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
770 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
771 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
772 </indexterm>
773 </listitem>
774 </varlistentry>
775
776 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
777 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
778 <listitem>
779 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
781 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
787 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
790 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
791 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
792 for more information</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
794 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
800 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
803 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
804 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
805 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
806 </indexterm>
807 </listitem>
808 </varlistentry>
809
810 <varlistentry id="libanl">
811 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
812 <listitem>
813 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
814 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
815 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
816 </indexterm>
817 </listitem>
818 </varlistentry>
819
820 <varlistentry id="libc">
821 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
822 <listitem>
823 <para>The main C library</para>
824 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
825 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
826 </indexterm>
827 </listitem>
828 </varlistentry>
829
830 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
831 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
832 <listitem>
833 <para>The cryptography library</para>
834 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
835 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
836 </indexterm>
837 </listitem>
838 </varlistentry>
839
840 <varlistentry id="libdl">
841 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
842 <listitem>
843 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
845 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="libg">
851 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
854 library for <command>g++</command></para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
856 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="libm">
862 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>The mathematical library</para>
865 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
866 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
867 </indexterm>
868 </listitem>
869 </varlistentry>
870
871 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
872 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
873 <listitem>
874 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
876 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
885 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
887 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>The network services library</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
897 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="libnss">
903 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
906 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
907 protocols, etc.</para>
908 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
909 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
910 </indexterm>
911 </listitem>
912 </varlistentry>
913
914 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
915 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
916 <listitem>
917 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
919 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
928 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
929 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
930 </indexterm>
931 </listitem>
932 </varlistentry>
933
934 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
935 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
936 <listitem>
937 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
938 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
939 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
940 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
941 </indexterm>
942 </listitem>
943 </varlistentry>
944
945 <varlistentry id="librt">
946 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
947 <listitem>
948 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
949 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
950 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
951 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
952 </indexterm>
953 </listitem>
954 </varlistentry>
955
956 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
957 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
958 <listitem>
959 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
960 multi-threaded programs</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
962 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 <varlistentry id="libutil">
968 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
969 <listitem>
970 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
971 many different Unix utilities</para>
972 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
973 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
974 </indexterm>
975 </listitem>
976 </varlistentry>
977
978 </variablelist>
979
980 </sect2>
981
982</sect1>
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