source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 98bed7f

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Last change on this file since 98bed7f was d730742, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 8 years ago

Remove obsolete note about iconv() in Chapter 6 Glibc.
Minor adjustments to text in the same section.

Add a note about UEFI and Secure Boot to Chapter 8
"Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process".

Add notes about paths for 64-bit systems in
Chapter 6 "Adjusting the Toolchain".
+

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45<!--
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56-->
57 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
63
64 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
65 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
66 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
67 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
72 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
73
74<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
75cd build</userinput></screen>
76
77 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
78
79<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
80 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
81 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
82
83 <para>Compile the package:</para>
84
85<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
86
87 <important>
88 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
89 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
90 </important>
91
92 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
93 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
96
97 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
98 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
99 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
100
101 <itemizedlist>
102
103 <listitem>
104 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
105 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis> will always fail due
106 to not having the necessary networking applications when the tests are
107 run.</para>
108 </listitem>
109
110 <listitem>
111 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
112 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
113 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
114 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
115 </listitem>
116
117 <listitem>
118 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
119 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
120 AMD processor.</para>
121 </listitem>
122
123 <listitem>
124 <para>The
125 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
126 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
127 </listitem>
128
129 <listitem>
130 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
131 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
132 </listitem>
133
134 </itemizedlist>
135
136 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
137 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
138 Prevent this warning with:</para>
139
140<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
141
142 <para>Install the package:</para>
143
144<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
145
146 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
147 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
148
149<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
150mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
151
152 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
153 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
154 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
155 testcases.</para>
156
157 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
158 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
159 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
160 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
161 charset-independent locale definition with the
162 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
163 charmap definition and appends the result to the
164 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
165 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
166 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
167
168<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
169localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
170localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
171localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
172localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
173localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
174localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
175localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
176localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
177localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
178localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
179localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
180localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
181localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
182localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
183localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
184localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
185localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
186localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
187localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
188localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
189localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
190
191 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
192 character set.</para>
193
194 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
195 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
196 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
197 following time-consuming command:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
202 install locales not listed in the
203 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
204 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
205
206 </sect2>
207
208 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
209 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
210
211 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
212 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214
215 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
216 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
217 </indexterm>
218
219 <sect3>
220 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
221
222 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
223 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
224 </para>
225
226 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
227 following:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
230<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
231
232passwd: files
233group: files
234shadow: files
235
236hosts: files dns
237networks: files
238
239protocols: files
240services: files
241ethers: files
242rpc: files
243
244# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
245EOF</userinput></screen>
246
247 </sect3>
248
249 <sect3>
250 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
251
252 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
253<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
254
255ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
256mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
257
258for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
259 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
260 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
261 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
262 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
263done
264
265cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
266zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
267unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
268
269 <variablelist>
270 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
271
272 <varlistentry>
273 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
274 <listitem>
275 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
276 conventional to put these in both
277 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
278 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
279 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
280 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
281 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
282 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
283 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
284 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
285 failures.</para>
286 </listitem>
287 </varlistentry>
288 <varlistentry>
289 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
290 <listitem>
291 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
292 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
293 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
294 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
295 directory.</para>
296 </listitem>
297 </varlistentry>
298 <varlistentry>
299 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
300 <listitem>
301 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
302 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
303 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
304 </listitem>
305 </varlistentry>
306 </variablelist>
307
308
309 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
310 script:</para>
311
312<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
313
314 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
315 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
316 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
317 time zones listed in <filename
318 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
319 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
320 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
321
322 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
323 running:</para>
324
325<screen><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
326
327 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
328 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
329
330 </sect3>
331
332 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
333 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
334
335 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
336 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338
339 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
340 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
341 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
342 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
343 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
344 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
345 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
346 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
347 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
348 to contain additional libraries are <filename
349 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
350 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
351 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
352
353 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
354 following:</para>
355
356<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
357<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
358/usr/local/lib
359/opt/lib
360</literal>
361EOF</userinput></screen>
362
363 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
364 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
365 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
366 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
367
368<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
369<literal># Add an include directory
370include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
371</literal>
372EOF
373mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
374
375 </sect3>
376 </sect2>
377
378 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
379 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
380
381 <segmentedlist>
382 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
383 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
384 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
385
386 <seglistitem>
387 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
388 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
389 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
390 zdump, and zic</seg>
391 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
392 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
393 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
394 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
395 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
396 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
397 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
398 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
399 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
400 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
401 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
402 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
403 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
404 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
405 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
406 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
407 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
408 </seglistitem>
409 </segmentedlist>
410
411 <variablelist>
412 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
413 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
414 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
415
416 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
417 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
418 <listitem>
419 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
420 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
421 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
422 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
423 </indexterm>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426
427 <varlistentry id="gencat">
428 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
429 <listitem>
430 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
431 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
432 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
433 </indexterm>
434 </listitem>
435 </varlistentry>
436
437 <varlistentry id="getconf">
438 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
439 <listitem>
440 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
441 specific variables</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
443 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="getent">
449 <term><command>getent</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
452 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
453 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
454 </indexterm>
455 </listitem>
456 </varlistentry>
457
458 <varlistentry id="iconv">
459 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
462 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
463 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
464 </indexterm>
465 </listitem>
466 </varlistentry>
467
468 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
469 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
470 <listitem>
471 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
472 files</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
474 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
480 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
484 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="ldd">
490 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
493 by each given program or shared library</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
495 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
501 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
505 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="locale">
511 <term><command>locale</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
515 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="localedef">
521 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
525 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="makedb">
531 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
535 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
540 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
541 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
542 <listitem>
543 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
544 in human-readable format</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
546 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="nscd">
552 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
555 service requests</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
557 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561<!--
562 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
563 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
567 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571-->
572 <varlistentry id="pldd">
573 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
576 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
577 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
578 </indexterm>
579 </listitem>
580 </varlistentry>
581<!--
582 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
583 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
584 <listitem>
585 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
586 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
588 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592-->
593 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
594 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
597 protocol</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
599 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="sln">
605 <term><command>sln</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
609 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
615 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
619 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623
624 <varlistentry id="sprof">
625 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
629 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
635 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
638 the corresponding time zone description</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
640 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
646 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
649 executed function</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
651 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="zdump">
657 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
661 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="zic">
667 <term><command>zic</command></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
671 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
677 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
681 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
687 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
690 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
691 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
692 for more information</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
694 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
700 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
703 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
705 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="libanl">
711 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
715 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="libc">
721 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>The main C library</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
725 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
731 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
734 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
736 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
742 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>The cryptography library</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
746 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="libdl">
752 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
756 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libg">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
765 library for <command>g++</command></para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
767 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="libieee">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
776 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
777 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
779 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libm">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>The mathematical library</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
789 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
799 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
808 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
810 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
816 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>The network services library</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
820 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libnss">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
829 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
830 protocols, etc.</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
832 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836<!--
837 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
841 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
843 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847-->
848 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
853 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
859 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
862 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
864 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
870 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
873 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
874 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
875 </indexterm>
876 </listitem>
877 </varlistentry>
878
879 <varlistentry id="librt">
880 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
881 <listitem>
882 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
883 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
884 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
885 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
886 </indexterm>
887 </listitem>
888 </varlistentry>
889
890 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
891 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
892 <listitem>
893 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
894 multi-threaded programs</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
896 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="libutil">
902 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
905 many different Unix utilities</para>
906 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
907 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
908 </indexterm>
909 </listitem>
910 </varlistentry>
911
912 </variablelist>
913
914 </sect2>
915
916</sect1>
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