source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 9d2b3642

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Last change on this file since 9d2b3642 was 9d2b3642, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 15 years ago

Upgrade to Glibc-2.10.1. Fixes #2401.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@8898 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
65 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
66 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
67 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
68 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
71mv glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
72
73 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
74 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
75 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
76 avoid the problem:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
79
80 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
81 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
82 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
83 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
84 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
85 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | grep interpreter | \
88awk '{print $4}' | sed -e 's@/tools@@' -e 's@]$@@')
89sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
90 scripts/test-installation.pl
91unset DL</userinput></screen>
92
93 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
94 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
95 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
96 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
97 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
98
99<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
100
101 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
102 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
103
104<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
105cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
108 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
109 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
112 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
113esac</userinput></screen>
114
115 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
116
117<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
118 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
119 --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
120
121 <variablelist>
122 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
123
124 <varlistentry>
125 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
126 <listitem>
127 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
128 program from its default of <filename
129 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
130 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
131 </listitem>
132 </varlistentry>
133
134 </variablelist>
135
136 <para>Compile the package:</para>
137
138<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
139
140 <important>
141 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
142 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
143 </important>
144
145 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
146 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
147 results:</para>
148
149<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
150make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
151grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
152
153 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
154 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
155 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
156 common issues:</para>
157
158 <itemizedlist>
159 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
160 <listitem>
161 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
162 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
163 </listitem>
164 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6 -->
165 <listitem>
166 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
167 <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
168 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
169 are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
170 </listitem>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
173 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
174 authentic AMD processor.</para>
175 </listitem>
176 <listitem>
177 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
178 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
179 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
180 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
181 </listitem>
182 <listitem>
183 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
184 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
185 </listitem>
186 </itemizedlist>
187
188 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
189 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
190 Prevent this warning with:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Install the package:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
199 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
200 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
201 skip important testcases.</para>
202
203 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
204 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
205 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
206 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
207 charset-independent locale definition with the
208 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
209 charmap definition and appends the result to the
210 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
211 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
212 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
213
214<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
215localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
216localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
217localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
218localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
219localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
220localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
221localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
222localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
223localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
224localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
225localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
226localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
227localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
228localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
229localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
230localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
231localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
234 character set.</para>
235
236 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
237 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
238 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
239 following time-consuming command:</para>
240
241<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
242
243 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
244 install locales not listed in the
245 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
246 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
247 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
248 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
249
250 </sect2>
251
252 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
253 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
254
255 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
256 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
257 </indexterm>
258
259 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
260 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
261 </indexterm>
262
263 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
264 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
265 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
266 also needs to be configured.</para>
267
268 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
269 following:</para>
270
271<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
272<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
273
274passwd: files
275group: files
276shadow: files
277
278hosts: files dns
279networks: files
280
281protocols: files
282services: files
283ethers: files
284rpc: files
285
286# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
287EOF</userinput></screen>
288
289 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
290 script:</para>
291
292<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
293
294 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
295 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
296 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
297 timezones listed in <filename
298 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
299 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
300 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
301
302 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
303 running:</para>
304
305<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
306 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
307
308 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
309 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
310
311 <variablelist>
312 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
313
314 <varlistentry>
315 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
316 <listitem>
317 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
318 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
319 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
320 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
321 single user mode.</para>
322 </listitem>
323 </varlistentry>
324
325 </variablelist>
326
327 </sect2>
328
329 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
330 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
331
332 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
333 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
334 </indexterm>
335
336 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
337 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
338 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
339 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
340 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
341 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
342 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
343 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
344 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
345 to contain additional libraries are <filename
346 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
347 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
348 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
349
350 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
351 following:</para>
352
353<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
354<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
355
356/usr/local/lib
357/opt/lib
358
359# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
360EOF</userinput></screen>
361
362 </sect2>
363
364 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
365 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
366
367 <segmentedlist>
368 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
369 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
370
371 <seglistitem>
372 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
373 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
374 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
375 zdump, and zic</seg>
376 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
377 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
378 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
379 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
380 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
381 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
382 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
383 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
384 </seglistitem>
385 </segmentedlist>
386
387 <variablelist>
388 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
389 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
390 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
391
392 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
393 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
396 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
397 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
398 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
399 </indexterm>
400 </listitem>
401 </varlistentry>
402
403 <varlistentry id="gencat">
404 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
405 <listitem>
406 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
407 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
408 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
409 </indexterm>
410 </listitem>
411 </varlistentry>
412
413 <varlistentry id="getconf">
414 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
415 <listitem>
416 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
417 specific variables</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
419 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="getent">
425 <term><command>getent</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
428 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
429 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
430 </indexterm>
431 </listitem>
432 </varlistentry>
433
434 <varlistentry id="iconv">
435 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
436 <listitem>
437 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
439 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
445 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
448 files</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
450 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
456 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
460 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="ldd">
466 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
469 by each given program or shared library</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
471 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
477 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
481 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="locale">
487 <term><command>locale</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
491 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="localedef">
497 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
501 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
507 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
510 in human-readable format</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
512 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="nscd">
518 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
521 service requests</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
523 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
529 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
533 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
539 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
542 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
544 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
550 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
553 protocol</para>
554 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
555 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
556 </indexterm>
557 </listitem>
558 </varlistentry>
559
560 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
561 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
562 <listitem>
563 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
565 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="sln">
571 <term><command>sln</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
575 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="sprof">
581 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
585 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
591 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
594 the corresponding time zone description</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
596 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
602 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
605 executed function</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
607 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="zdump">
613 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
617 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="zic">
623 <term><command>zic</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
627 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
633 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
637 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
643 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
646 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
647 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
648 for more information</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
650 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
656 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
659 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
661 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="libanl">
667 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
671 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
677 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
680 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
682 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="libc">
688 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>The main C library</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
692 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
698 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
701 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
703 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
709 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>The cryptography library</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
713 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libdl">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
723 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libg">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
732 library for <command>g++</command></para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
734 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libieee">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
743 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
744 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
746 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="libm">
752 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>The mathematical library</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
756 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
766 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
775 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
777 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>The network services library</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
787 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libnss">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
796 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
797 protocols, etc.</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
799 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
808 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
810 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
816 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
820 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
829 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
831 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
841 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="librt">
847 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
850 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
852 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
861 multi-threaded programs</para>
862 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
863 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
864 </indexterm>
865 </listitem>
866 </varlistentry>
867
868 <varlistentry id="libutil">
869 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
870 <listitem>
871 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
872 many different Unix utilities</para>
873 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
874 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
875 </indexterm>
876 </listitem>
877 </varlistentry>
878
879 </variablelist>
880
881 </sect2>
882
883</sect1>
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