source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 9f5aaf7

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Last change on this file since 9f5aaf7 was 9f5aaf7, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 12 years ago

Add whitespace for better readability of instructions

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>In addition, there is a bug in the
88 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> script in that it tries to link
89 a test program to a library that isn't installed by
90 <command>make install</command>. Issue the following <command>sed</command>
91 command to fix it:</para>
92
93 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/"db1"/&amp; \&amp;\&amp; $name ne "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
96 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
97 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
98 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
99 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
102
103 <para>Fix a couple of bugs in Glibc that can cause crashes and core dumps:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fixes-patch;
106patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-sort-patch;</userinput></screen>
107
108 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
109
110<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
111
112 <para>Fix a stack imbalance that occurs under some conditions:</para>
113
114<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '195,213 s/PRIVATE_FUTEX/FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME/' \
115nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/pthread_rwlock_timed{rd,wr}lock.S</userinput></screen>
116
117 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
118 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
119
120<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
121cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
122
123 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
124 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
125 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
126
127<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
128 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
129esac</userinput></screen>
130
131 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
132
133<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
134 --prefix=/usr \
135 --disable-profile \
136 --enable-add-ons \
137 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 \
138 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
139
140 <variablelist>
141 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
142
143 <varlistentry>
144 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
145 <listitem>
146 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
147 program from its default of <filename
148 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
149 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
150 </listitem>
151 </varlistentry>
152
153 </variablelist>
154
155 <para>Compile the package:</para>
156
157<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
158
159 <important>
160 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
161 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
162 </important>
163
164 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
165 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
166 results:</para>
167
168<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
169make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
170grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
171
172 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
173 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
174 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
175 common issues:</para>
176
177 <itemizedlist>
178 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
179 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
180 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
181 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
182 </listitem> -->
183 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
184 <listitem>
185
186 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
187 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
188 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
189 tests have been known to fail. The
190 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
191 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
192
193 </listitem>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
196 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
197 authentic AMD processor.</para>
198 </listitem>
199 <listitem>
200 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
201 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
202 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
203 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
204 </listitem>
205 <listitem>
206 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
207 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
208 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
209 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
210 make -k check</command>).</para>
211 </listitem>
212 <listitem>
213 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
214 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
215 </listitem>
216 </itemizedlist>
217
218 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
219 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
220 Prevent this warning with:</para>
221
222<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>Install the package:</para>
225
226<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
227
228 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
229 default; these are required by several BLFS packages:</para>
230
231<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
232cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
233cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
236 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
237 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
238 skip important testcases.</para>
239
240 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
241 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
242 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
243 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
244 charset-independent locale definition with the
245 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
246 charmap definition and appends the result to the
247 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
248 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
249 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
250
251<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
252localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
253localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
254localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
255localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
256localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
257localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
258localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
259localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
260localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
261localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
262localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
263localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
264localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
265localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
266localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
267localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
268localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
269
270 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
271 character set.</para>
272
273 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
274 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
275 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
276 following time-consuming command:</para>
277
278<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
279
280 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
281 install locales not listed in the
282 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
283 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
284 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
285 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
286
287 </sect2>
288
289 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
290 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
291
292 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
293 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
294 </indexterm>
295
296 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
297 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
298 </indexterm>
299
300 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
301 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
302 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
303 also needs to be configured.</para>
304
305 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
306 following:</para>
307
308<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
309<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
310
311passwd: files
312group: files
313shadow: files
314
315hosts: files dns
316networks: files
317
318protocols: files
319services: files
320ethers: files
321rpc: files
322
323# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
324EOF</userinput></screen>
325
326 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
327 script:</para>
328
329<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
330
331 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
332 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
333 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
334 timezones listed in <filename
335 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
336 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
337 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
338
339 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
340 running:</para>
341
342<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
343 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
344
345 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
346 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
347
348 <variablelist>
349 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
350
351 <varlistentry>
352 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
353 <listitem>
354 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
355 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
356 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
357 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
358 single user mode.</para>
359 </listitem>
360 </varlistentry>
361
362 </variablelist>
363
364 </sect2>
365
366 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
367 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
368
369 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
370 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
371 </indexterm>
372
373 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
374 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
375 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
376 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
377 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
378 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
379 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
380 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
381 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
382 to contain additional libraries are <filename
383 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
384 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
385 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
386
387 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
388 following:</para>
389
390<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
391<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
392/usr/local/lib
393/opt/lib
394</literal>
395EOF</userinput></screen>
396
397 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
398 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
399 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
400 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
401
402<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
403<literal># Add an include directory
404include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
405</literal>
406EOF
407mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
408
409 </sect2>
410
411 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
412 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
413
414 <segmentedlist>
415 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
416 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
417 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
418
419 <seglistitem>
420 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
421 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
422 pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
423 zdump, and zic</seg>
424 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
425 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
426 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
427 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
428 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
429 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
430 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
431 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
432 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
433 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
434 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
435 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
436 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
437 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
438 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
439 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
440 </seglistitem>
441 </segmentedlist>
442
443 <variablelist>
444 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
445 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
446 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
447
448 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
449 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
452 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
453 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
454 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
455 </indexterm>
456 </listitem>
457 </varlistentry>
458
459 <varlistentry id="gencat">
460 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
461 <listitem>
462 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
464 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="getconf">
470 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
473 specific variables</para>
474 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
475 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
476 </indexterm>
477 </listitem>
478 </varlistentry>
479
480 <varlistentry id="getent">
481 <term><command>getent</command></term>
482 <listitem>
483 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
485 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="iconv">
491 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
495 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
501 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
504 files</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
506 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
512 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
516 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="ldd">
522 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
525 by each given program or shared library</para>
526 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
527 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
528 </indexterm>
529 </listitem>
530 </varlistentry>
531
532 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
533 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
537 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="locale">
543 <term><command>locale</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
547 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="localedef">
553 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
557 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
563 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
566 in human-readable format</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
568 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="nscd">
574 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
577 service requests</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
579 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
585 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
589 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
595 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
598 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
600 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
606 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
609 protocol</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
611 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="sln">
617 <term><command>sln</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
621 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
627 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
631 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="sprof">
637 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
641 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
647 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
650 the corresponding time zone description</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
652 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
658 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
661 executed function</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
663 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="zdump">
669 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
673 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="zic">
679 <term><command>zic</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
683 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
689 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
693 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
699 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
702 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
703 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
704 for more information</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
706 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
712 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
715 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
717 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="libanl">
723 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
727 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
733 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
736 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
738 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="libc">
744 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>The main C library</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
748 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
754 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
757 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
759 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
765 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>The cryptography library</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
769 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="libdl">
775 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
779 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libg">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
788 library for <command>g++</command></para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
790 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="libieee">
796 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
799 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
800 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
802 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="libm">
808 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>The mathematical library</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
812 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
818 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
822 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
831 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
833 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
839 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>The network services library</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
843 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="libnss">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
852 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
853 protocols, etc.</para>
854 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
855 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
856 </indexterm>
857 </listitem>
858 </varlistentry>
859
860 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
861 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
862 <listitem>
863 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
864 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
865 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
866 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
867 </indexterm>
868 </listitem>
869 </varlistentry>
870
871 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
872 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
873 <listitem>
874 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
876 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
885 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
887 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
897 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="librt">
903 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
906 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
908 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
917 multi-threaded programs</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
919 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="libutil">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
928 many different Unix utilities</para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
930 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 </variablelist>
936
937 </sect2>
938
939</sect1>
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