source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ a61ee64

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Last change on this file since a61ee64 was 869b0966, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 6 years ago

Update to glibc-2.27.
Update to man-pages-4.15.
Update to bash-4.4.18.
Update to iproute2-4.15.0.
Add an option to binutils to support 64-bit operations on
a 32-bit system.
Provide better initialization for vim.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11359 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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File size: 34.8 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
65 our final glibc:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
68
69 <para>Now work around a problem caused by a hard-coded path to an
70 executable program:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/bin/m4 /usr/bin</userinput></screen>
73
74 <para>Determine the GCC include directory and create a symlink for LSB
75 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
76 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
79 i?86) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/$(uname -m)-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
80 ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
81 ;;
82 x86_64) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
83 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
84 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
85 ;;
86esac</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
89 </para>
90
91<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
92
93 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
94 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
95
96<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
97cd build</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include" \
102../configure --prefix=/usr \
103 --disable-werror \
104 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
105 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
106 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib
107unset GCC_INCDIR</userinput></screen>
108
109 <variablelist>
110 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
111
112 <varlistentry>
113 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include"</parameter></term>
114 <listitem>
115 <para>Setting the location of both gcc and system include directories
116 avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
117 </listitem>
118 </varlistentry>
119
120 <varlistentry>
121 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
122 <listitem>
123 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
124 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
125 </listitem>
126 </varlistentry>
127
128 <varlistentry>
129 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
130 <listitem>
131 <para>This option increases system security by adding
132 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
133 smashing attacks.</para>
134 </listitem>
135 </varlistentry>
136
137 <varlistentry>
138 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
139 <listitem>
140 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
141 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
142 </listitem>
143 </varlistentry>
144
145 </variablelist>
146
147 <para>Compile the package:</para>
148
149<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
150
151 <important>
152 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
153 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
154 </important>
155
156 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
157 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
158
159<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
160
161 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
162 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
163 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
164
165 <itemizedlist>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
169 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
170 may fail on some architectures.</para>
171 </listitem>
172
173 <listitem>
174 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
175 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
176 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
177 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
178 </listitem>
179
180 <listitem>
181 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
182 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
183 AMD processor.</para>
184 </listitem>
185
186 <listitem>
187 <para>The
188 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
189 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
190 </listitem>
191
192 <listitem>
193 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
194 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
195 </listitem>
196
197 </itemizedlist>
198
199 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
200 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
201 Prevent this warning with:</para>
202
203<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
204
205 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
206 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
207 </para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Install the package:</para>
212
213<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
214
215 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
216 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
219mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
222 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
223
224 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
225install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
228 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
229 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
230 testcases.</para>
231
232 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
233 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
234 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
235 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
236 charset-independent locale definition with the
237 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
238 charmap definition and appends the result to the
239 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
240 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
241 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
242
243<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
244localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
245localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
246localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
247localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
248localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
249localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
250localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
251localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
252localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
253localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
254localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
255localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
256localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
257localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
258localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
259localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
260localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
261localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
262localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
263localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
264localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
265
266 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
267 character set.</para>
268
269 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
270 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
271 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
272 following time-consuming command:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
277 install locales not listed in the
278 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
279 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
280
281 </sect2>
282
283 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
284 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
285
286 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
287 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
288 </indexterm>
289
290 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
291 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
292 </indexterm>
293
294 <sect3>
295 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
296
297 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
298 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
299 </para>
300
301 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
302 following:</para>
303
304<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
305<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
306
307passwd: files
308group: files
309shadow: files
310
311hosts: files dns
312networks: files
313
314protocols: files
315services: files
316ethers: files
317rpc: files
318
319# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
320EOF</userinput></screen>
321
322 </sect3>
323
324 <sect3>
325 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
326
327 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
328<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
329
330ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
331mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
332
333for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
334 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
335 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
336 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
337 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
338done
339
340cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
341zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
342unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
343
344 <variablelist>
345 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
346
347 <varlistentry>
348 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
349 <listitem>
350 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
351 conventional to put these in both
352 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
353 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
354 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
355 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
356 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
357 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
358 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
359 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
360 failures.</para>
361 </listitem>
362 </varlistentry>
363 <varlistentry>
364 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
367 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
368 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
369 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
370 directory.</para>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373 <varlistentry>
374 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
375 <listitem>
376 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
377 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
378 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
379 </listitem>
380 </varlistentry>
381 </variablelist>
382
383
384 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
385 script:</para>
386
387<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
388
389 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
390 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
391 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
392 time zones listed in <filename
393 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
394 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
395 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
396
397 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
398 running:</para>
399
400<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
401
402<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
403
404 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
405 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
406
407 </sect3>
408
409 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
410 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
411
412 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
413 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
414 </indexterm>
415
416 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
417 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
418 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
419 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
420 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
421 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
422 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
423 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
424 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
425 to contain additional libraries are <filename
426 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
427 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
428 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
429
430 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
431 following:</para>
432
433<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
434<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
435/usr/local/lib
436/opt/lib
437</literal>
438EOF</userinput></screen>
439
440 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
441 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
442 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
443 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
444
445<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
446<literal># Add an include directory
447include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
448</literal>
449EOF
450mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
451
452 </sect3>
453 </sect2>
454
455 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
456 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
457
458 <segmentedlist>
459 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
460 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
461 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
462
463 <seglistitem>
464 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
465 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
466 pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
467 zdump, and zic</seg>
468 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
469 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
470 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
471 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
472 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
473 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
474 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
475 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
476 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
477 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
478 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
479 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
480 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
481 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
482 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
483 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
484 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
485 </seglistitem>
486 </segmentedlist>
487
488 <variablelist>
489 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
490 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
491 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
492
493 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
494 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
497 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
498 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
499 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
500 </indexterm>
501 </listitem>
502 </varlistentry>
503
504 <varlistentry id="gencat">
505 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
506 <listitem>
507 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
509 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="getconf">
515 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
518 specific variables</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
520 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="getent">
526 <term><command>getent</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
530 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="iconv">
536 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
539 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
540 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
541 </indexterm>
542 </listitem>
543 </varlistentry>
544
545 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
546 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
547 <listitem>
548 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
549 files</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
551 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
557 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
561 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="ldd">
567 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
570 by each given program or shared library</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
572 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
578 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
581 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
582 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
583 </indexterm>
584 </listitem>
585 </varlistentry>
586
587 <varlistentry id="locale">
588 <term><command>locale</command></term>
589 <listitem>
590 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
591 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
592 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
593 </indexterm>
594 </listitem>
595 </varlistentry>
596
597 <varlistentry id="localedef">
598 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
599 <listitem>
600 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
601 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
602 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
603 </indexterm>
604 </listitem>
605 </varlistentry>
606
607 <varlistentry id="makedb">
608 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
609 <listitem>
610 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
612 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
617 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
618 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
621 in human-readable format</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
623 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="nscd">
629 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
632 service requests</para>
633 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
634 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
635 </indexterm>
636 </listitem>
637 </varlistentry>
638
639 <varlistentry id="pldd">
640 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
641 <listitem>
642 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
643 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
644 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
645 </indexterm>
646 </listitem>
647 </varlistentry>
648
649 <varlistentry id="sln">
650 <term><command>sln</command></term>
651 <listitem>
652 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
654 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
660 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
663 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
664 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
665 </indexterm>
666 </listitem>
667 </varlistentry>
668
669 <varlistentry id="sprof">
670 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
671 <listitem>
672 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
674 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
680 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
683 the corresponding time zone description</para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
685 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
691 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
694 executed function</para>
695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
696 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
701 <varlistentry id="zdump">
702 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
706 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="zic">
712 <term><command>zic</command></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
716 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
722 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
726 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
732 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
735 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
736 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
737 for more information</para>
738 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
739 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
740 </indexterm>
741 </listitem>
742 </varlistentry>
743
744 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
745 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
746 <listitem>
747 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
748 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
749 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
750 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
751 </indexterm>
752 </listitem>
753 </varlistentry>
754
755 <varlistentry id="libanl">
756 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
757 <listitem>
758 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
760 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="libc">
766 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>The main C library</para>
769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
770 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
775 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
776 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
779 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
781 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
787 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>The cryptography library</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
791 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="libdl">
797 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
801 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libg">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
810 library for <command>g++</command></para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
812 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="libieee">
818 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
821 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
822 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
823 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
824 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
825 </indexterm>
826 </listitem>
827 </varlistentry>
828
829 <varlistentry id="libm">
830 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
831 <listitem>
832 <para>The mathematical library</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
834 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
840 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
844 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
850 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
853 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
854 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
855 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
856 </indexterm>
857 </listitem>
858 </varlistentry>
859
860 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
861 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
862 <listitem>
863 <para>The network services library</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
865 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="libnss">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
874 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
875 protocols, etc.</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
877 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
883 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
887 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
896 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
897 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
898 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
899 </indexterm>
900 </listitem>
901 </varlistentry>
902
903 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
904 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
905 <listitem>
906 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
908 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="librt">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
917 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
919 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
928 multi-threaded programs</para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
930 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 <varlistentry id="libutil">
936 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
937 <listitem>
938 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
939 many different Unix utilities</para>
940 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
941 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
942 </indexterm>
943 </listitem>
944 </varlistentry>
945
946 </variablelist>
947
948 </sect2>
949
950</sect1>
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