source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ aad85a6

7.8-systemd 7.9-systemd
Last change on this file since aad85a6 was aad85a6, checked in by Krejzi <krejzi@…>, 9 years ago

Imported changes from the main book.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
58 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
59 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
60 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
63
64 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
65 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
66 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
67 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
68 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
69 of achieving a clean build.</para>
70
71 <para>Fix a regression in the package that affects 32-bit architectures:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/ia32/s/^/1:/' \
74 -e '/SSE2/s/^1://' \
75 -i sysdeps/i386/i686/multiarch/mempcpy_chk.S</userinput></screen>
76
77 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
78 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
79
80<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
81cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
82
83 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
84
85<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
86 --prefix=/usr \
87 --disable-profile \
88 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
89 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
90
91 <variablelist>
92 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
93
94 <varlistentry>
95 <term><parameter>--enable-obsolete-rpc</parameter></term>
96 <listitem>
97 <para>Installs NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
98 default; these are required to rebuild Glibc and by several BLFS
99 packages.</para>
100 </listitem>
101 </varlistentry>
102
103 </variablelist>
104
105 <para>Compile the package:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
108
109 <important>
110 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
111 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
112 </important>
113
114 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
115 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
116
117<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
118
119 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
120 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
121 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
122
123 <itemizedlist>
124
125 <listitem>
126 <para>The <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
127 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
128 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
129 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
130 </listitem>
131
132 <listitem>
133 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
134 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
135 authentic AMD processor.</para>
136 </listitem>
137<!--
138 <listitem>
139 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
140 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
141 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
142 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
143 make -k check</command>).</para>
144 </listitem>
145-->
146 <listitem>
147 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 and posix/tst-getaddrinfo5 will always fail
148 due to not having a network connection when the tests are run.</para>
149 </listitem>
150<!--
151 <listitem>
152 <para>libio/tst-ftell-partial-wide.out fails because it needs a locale
153 that has not yet been generated.</para>
154 </listitem>
155-->
156 <listitem>
157 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
158 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
159 </listitem>
160
161 </itemizedlist>
162
163 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
164 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
165 Prevent this warning with:</para>
166
167<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
168
169 <para>Install the package:</para>
170
171<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
172
173 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
174 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
175
176<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
177mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
178
179 <para>Install the systemd support files for <command>nscd</command>:</para>
180
181<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
182install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
183
184 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
185 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
186 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
187 skip important testcases.</para>
188
189 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
190 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
191 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
192 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
193 charset-independent locale definition with the
194 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
195 charmap definition and appends the result to the
196 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
197 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
198 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
199
200<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
201localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
202localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
203localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
204localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
205localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
206localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
207localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
208localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
209localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
210localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
211localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
212localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
213localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
214localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
215localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
216localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
217localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
218localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
219localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
220localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
221localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
222
223 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
224 character set.</para>
225
226 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
227 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
228 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
229 following time-consuming command:</para>
230
231<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
234 install locales not listed in the
235 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
236 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
237
238 </sect2>
239
240 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
241 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
242
243 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
244 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
245 </indexterm>
246
247 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
248 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
249 </indexterm>
250
251 <sect3>
252 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
253
254 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
255 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
256 </para>
257
258 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
259 following:</para>
260
261<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
262<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
263
264passwd: files
265group: files
266shadow: files
267
268hosts: files dns myhostname
269networks: files
270
271protocols: files
272services: files
273ethers: files
274rpc: files
275
276# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
277EOF</userinput></screen>
278
279 </sect3>
280
281 <sect3>
282 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
283
284 <para>Install and set up the timezone data with the following:</para>
285<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
286
287ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
288mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
289
290for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
291 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
292 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
293 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
294 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
295done
296
297cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
298zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
299unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
300
301 <variablelist>
302 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
303
304 <varlistentry>
305 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
306 <listitem>
307 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
308 conventional to put these in both
309 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
310 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
311 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
312 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
313 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
314 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
315 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
316 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
317 failures.</para>
318 </listitem>
319 </varlistentry>
320 <varlistentry>
321 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
322 <listitem>
323 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
324 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
325 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
326 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
327 directory.</para>
328 </listitem>
329 </varlistentry>
330 <varlistentry>
331 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
332 <listitem>
333 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
334 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
335 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
336 </listitem>
337 </varlistentry>
338 </variablelist>
339
340
341 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
342 script:</para>
343
344<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
345
346 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
347 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
348 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
349 timezones listed in <filename
350 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
351 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
352 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
353
354 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
355 running:</para>
356
357<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
358
359 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
360 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
361
362 </sect3>
363
364 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
365 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
366
367 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
368 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
369 </indexterm>
370
371 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
372 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
373 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
374 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
375 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
376 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
377 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
378 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
379 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
380 to contain additional libraries are <filename
381 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
382 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
383 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
384
385 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
386 following:</para>
387
388<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
389<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
390/usr/local/lib
391/opt/lib
392</literal>
393EOF</userinput></screen>
394
395 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
396 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
397 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
398 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
399
400<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
401<literal># Add an include directory
402include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
403</literal>
404EOF
405mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
406
407 </sect3>
408 </sect2>
409
410 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
411 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
412
413 <segmentedlist>
414 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
415 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
416 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
417
418 <seglistitem>
419 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
420 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
421 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
422 zdump, and zic</seg>
423 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
424 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
425 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
426 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
427 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
428 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
429 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
430 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
431 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
432 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
433 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
434 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
435 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
436 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
437 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
438 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
439 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
440 </seglistitem>
441 </segmentedlist>
442
443 <variablelist>
444 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
445 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
446 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
447
448 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
449 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
452 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
453 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
454 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
455 </indexterm>
456 </listitem>
457 </varlistentry>
458
459 <varlistentry id="gencat">
460 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
461 <listitem>
462 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
464 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="getconf">
470 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
473 specific variables</para>
474 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
475 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
476 </indexterm>
477 </listitem>
478 </varlistentry>
479
480 <varlistentry id="getent">
481 <term><command>getent</command></term>
482 <listitem>
483 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
485 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="iconv">
491 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
495 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
501 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
504 files</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
506 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
512 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
516 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="ldd">
522 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
525 by each given program or shared library</para>
526 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
527 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
528 </indexterm>
529 </listitem>
530 </varlistentry>
531
532 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
533 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
537 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="locale">
543 <term><command>locale</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
547 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="localedef">
553 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
557 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="makedb">
563 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
567 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
573 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
576 in human-readable format</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
578 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="nscd">
584 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
587 service requests</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
589 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
595 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
599 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="pldd">
605 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
609 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613<!--
614 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
615 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
618 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
620 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624-->
625 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
626 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
629 protocol</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
631 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="sln">
637 <term><command>sln</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
641 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
647 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
651 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="sprof">
657 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
661 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
667 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
670 the corresponding time zone description</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
672 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
678 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
681 executed function</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
683 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="zdump">
689 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
693 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="zic">
699 <term><command>zic</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
703 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
709 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
713 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
719 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
722 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
723 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
724 for more information</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
726 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
732 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
735 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
737 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="libanl">
743 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
747 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="libc">
753 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>The main C library</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
757 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
763 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
766 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
768 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>The cryptography library</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
778 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libdl">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
788 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libg">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
797 library for <command>g++</command></para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
799 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="libieee">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
808 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
809 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
811 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="libm">
817 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>The mathematical library</para>
820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
821 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
826 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
827 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
831 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
840 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
841 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
842 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
843 </indexterm>
844 </listitem>
845 </varlistentry>
846
847 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
848 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
849 <listitem>
850 <para>The network services library</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
852 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libnss">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
861 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
862 protocols, etc.</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
864 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
870 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
873 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
875 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
881 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
884 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
885 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
886 </indexterm>
887 </listitem>
888 </varlistentry>
889
890 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
891 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
892 <listitem>
893 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
894 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
896 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
902 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
906 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="librt">
912 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
915 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
916 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
917 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
918 </indexterm>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
923 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
926 multi-threaded programs</para>
927 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
928 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
929 </indexterm>
930 </listitem>
931 </varlistentry>
932
933 <varlistentry id="libutil">
934 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
935 <listitem>
936 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
937 many different Unix utilities</para>
938 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
939 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
940 </indexterm>
941 </listitem>
942 </varlistentry>
943
944 </variablelist>
945
946 </sect2>
947
948</sect1>
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