source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ b5b97081

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Last change on this file since b5b97081 was b5b97081, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 11 years ago

Updates to file and library contenets.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
65 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
68cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
69
70 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
73 --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-profile \
75 --enable-kernel=2.6.34 \
76 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This changes the location of some auxillary files from the
85 default of <filename class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to
86 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
87 </listitem>
88 </varlistentry>
89
90 </variablelist>
91
92 <para>Compile the package:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
95
96 <important>
97 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
98 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
99 </important>
100
101 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
102 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
103
104<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
105grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
108 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
109 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
110 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
111 most common issues:</para>
112
113 <itemizedlist>
114
115 <listitem>
116 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
117 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
118 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
119 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
120 tests have been known to fail. The
121 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
122 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
123 </listitem>
124
125 <listitem>
126 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
127 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
128 authentic AMD processor.</para>
129 </listitem>
130
131 <listitem>
132 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
133 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
134 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
135 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
136 make -k check</command>).</para>
137 </listitem>
138
139 <listitem>
140 <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
141 connection when the test is run.</para>
142 </listitem>
143
144 <listitem>
145 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
146 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
147 </listitem>
148
149 </itemizedlist>
150
151 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
152 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
153 Prevent this warning with:</para>
154
155<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
156
157 <para>Install the package:</para>
158
159<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
160
161 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
162 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
163 packages:</para>
164
165<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
166cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
167cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
168
169 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
170 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
171 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
172 skip important testcases.</para>
173
174 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
175 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
176 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
177 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
178 charset-independent locale definition with the
179 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
180 charmap definition and appends the result to the
181 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
182 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
183 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
184
185<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
186localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
187localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
188localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
189localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
190localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
191localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
192localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
193localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
194localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
195localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
196localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
197localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
198localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
199localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
200localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
201localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
202localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
203localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
204localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
205localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
206localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
209 character set.</para>
210
211 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
212 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
213 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
214 following time-consuming command:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
217
218 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
219 install locales not listed in the
220 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
221 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
222
223 </sect2>
224
225 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
226 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
227
228 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
229 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
233 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235
236 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
237 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
238 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
239 also needs to be configured.</para>
240
241 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
242 following:</para>
243
244<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
245<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
246
247passwd: files
248group: files
249shadow: files
250
251hosts: files dns
252networks: files
253
254protocols: files
255services: files
256ethers: files
257rpc: files
258
259# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
260EOF</userinput></screen>
261
262 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
263<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
264
265ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
266mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
267
268for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
269 asia australasia backward pacificnew solar87 solar88 solar89 \
270 systemv; do
271 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
272 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
273 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
274done
275
276cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
277zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
278unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
279
280 <variablelist>
281 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
282
283 <varlistentry>
284 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
285 <listitem>
286 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
287 conventional to put these in both
288 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
289 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
290 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
291 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
292 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
293 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
294 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
295 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
296 results</para>
297 </listitem>
298 </varlistentry>
299 <varlistentry>
300 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
301 <listitem>
302 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
303 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
304 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
305 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
306 directory.</para>
307 </listitem>
308 </varlistentry>
309 <varlistentry>
310 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
311 <listitem>
312 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
313 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
314 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317 </variablelist>
318
319
320 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
321 script:</para>
322
323<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
324
325 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
326 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
327 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
328 timezones listed in <filename
329 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
330 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
331 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
332
333 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
334 running:</para>
335
336<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
337 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
338
339 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
340 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
341
342 <variablelist>
343 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
344
345 <varlistentry>
346 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
347 <listitem>
348 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
349 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
350 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
351 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
352 single user mode.</para>
353 </listitem>
354 </varlistentry>
355
356 </variablelist>
357
358 </sect2>
359
360 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
361 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
362
363 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
364 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
365 </indexterm>
366
367 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
368 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
369 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
370 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
371 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
372 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
373 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
374 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
375 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
376 to contain additional libraries are <filename
377 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
378 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
379 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
380
381 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
382 following:</para>
383
384<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
385<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
386/usr/local/lib
387/opt/lib
388</literal>
389EOF</userinput></screen>
390
391 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
392 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
393 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
394 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
395
396<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
397<literal># Add an include directory
398include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
399</literal>
400EOF
401mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
402
403 </sect2>
404
405 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
406 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
407
408 <segmentedlist>
409 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
410 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
411 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
412
413 <seglistitem>
414 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
415 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
416 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
417 zdump, and zic</seg>
418 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
419 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
420 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
421 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
422 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
423 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
424 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
425 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
426 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
427 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
428 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
429 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
430 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
431 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
432 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
433 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
434 </seglistitem>
435 </segmentedlist>
436
437 <variablelist>
438 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
439 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
440 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
441
442 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
443 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
444 <listitem>
445 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
446 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
448 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="gencat">
454 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
458 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="getconf">
464 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
467 specific variables</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
469 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="getent">
475 <term><command>getent</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
478 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
479 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
480 </indexterm>
481 </listitem>
482 </varlistentry>
483
484 <varlistentry id="iconv">
485 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
486 <listitem>
487 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
488 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
489 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
490 </indexterm>
491 </listitem>
492 </varlistentry>
493
494 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
495 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
498 files</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
500 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
506 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
509 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
510 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="ldd">
516 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
519 by each given program or shared library</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
521 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
527 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
531 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="locale">
537 <term><command>locale</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
541 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="localedef">
547 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
551 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="makedb">
557 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
561 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
567 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
570 in human-readable format</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
572 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="nscd">
578 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
581 service requests</para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
583 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
588 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
589 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
593 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="pldd">
599 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
603 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607<!--
608 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
609 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
612 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
614 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618-->
619 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
620 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
623 protocol</para>
624 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
625 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
626 </indexterm>
627 </listitem>
628 </varlistentry>
629
630 <varlistentry id="sln">
631 <term><command>sln</command></term>
632 <listitem>
633 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
635 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
641 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
644 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
645 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
646 </indexterm>
647 </listitem>
648 </varlistentry>
649
650 <varlistentry id="sprof">
651 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
652 <listitem>
653 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
654 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
655 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
656 </indexterm>
657 </listitem>
658 </varlistentry>
659
660 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
661 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
662 <listitem>
663 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
664 the corresponding time zone description</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
666 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
672 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
675 executed function</para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
677 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="zdump">
683 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
686 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
687 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
688 </indexterm>
689 </listitem>
690 </varlistentry>
691
692 <varlistentry id="zic">
693 <term><command>zic</command></term>
694 <listitem>
695 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
696 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
697 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
698 </indexterm>
699 </listitem>
700 </varlistentry>
701
702 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
703 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
704 <listitem>
705 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
707 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
713 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
716 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
717 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
718 for more information</para>
719 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
720 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
721 </indexterm>
722 </listitem>
723 </varlistentry>
724
725 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
726 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
727 <listitem>
728 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
729 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
731 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="libanl">
737 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
740 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
741 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
742 </indexterm>
743 </listitem>
744 </varlistentry>
745
746 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
747 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
748 <listitem>
749 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
750 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
752 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="libc">
758 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>The main C library</para>
761 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
762 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
763 </indexterm>
764 </listitem>
765 </varlistentry>
766
767 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
768 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
769 <listitem>
770 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
771 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
773 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
779 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>The cryptography library</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
783 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="libdl">
789 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
793 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="libg">
799 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
802 library for <command>g++</command></para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
804 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="libieee">
810 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
813 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
814 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
815 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
816 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
817 </indexterm>
818 </listitem>
819 </varlistentry>
820
821 <varlistentry id="libm">
822 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
823 <listitem>
824 <para>The mathematical library</para>
825 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
826 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
827 </indexterm>
828 </listitem>
829 </varlistentry>
830
831 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
832 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
833 <listitem>
834 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
835 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
836 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
837 </indexterm>
838 </listitem>
839 </varlistentry>
840
841 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
842 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
843 <listitem>
844 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
845 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
847 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
853 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>The network services library</para>
856 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
857 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
858 </indexterm>
859 </listitem>
860 </varlistentry>
861
862 <varlistentry id="libnss">
863 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
864 <listitem>
865 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
866 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
867 protocols, etc.</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
869 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
875 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
878 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
880 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
886 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
890 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
896 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
899 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
901 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
907 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
910 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
911 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
912 </indexterm>
913 </listitem>
914 </varlistentry>
915
916 <varlistentry id="librt">
917 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
918 <listitem>
919 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
920 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
922 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
928 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
929 <listitem>
930 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
931 multi-threaded programs</para>
932 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
933 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
934 </indexterm>
935 </listitem>
936 </varlistentry>
937
938 <varlistentry id="libutil">
939 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
940 <listitem>
941 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
942 many different Unix utilities</para>
943 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
944 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
945 </indexterm>
946 </listitem>
947 </varlistentry>
948
949 </variablelist>
950
951 </sect2>
952
953</sect1>
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