source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ c0ad0ec

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Last change on this file since c0ad0ec was c0ad0ec, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 13 years ago

Add a patch to fix a couple of bugs in Glibc-2.14.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9586 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.0 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>In addition, there is a bug in the
88 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> script in that it tries to link
89 a test program to a library that isn't installed by
90 <command>make install</command>. Issue the following <command>sed</command>
91 command to fix it:</para>
92
93 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/"db1"/&amp; \&amp;\&amp; $name ne "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
96 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
97 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
98 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
99 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
102
103 <para>Fix a couple of bugs in Glibc that can cause crashes and core dumps:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
110
111 <para>Fix a stack imbalance that occurs under some conditions:</para>
112
113<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '195,213 s/PRIVATE_FUTEX/FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME/' \
114nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/pthread_rwlock_timed{rd,wr}lock.S</userinput></screen>
115
116 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
117 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
120cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
121
122 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
123 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
124 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
125
126<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
127 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
128esac</userinput></screen>
129
130 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
131
132<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
133 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
134 --enable-kernel=2.6.22.5 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
135
136 <variablelist>
137 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
138
139 <varlistentry>
140 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
141 <listitem>
142 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
143 program from its default of <filename
144 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
145 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
146 </listitem>
147 </varlistentry>
148
149 </variablelist>
150
151 <para>Compile the package:</para>
152
153<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
154
155 <important>
156 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
157 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
158 </important>
159
160 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
161 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
162 results:</para>
163
164<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
165make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
166grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
167
168 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
169 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
170 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
171 common issues:</para>
172
173 <itemizedlist>
174 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
175 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
176 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
177 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
178 </listitem> -->
179 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
180 <listitem>
181
182 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
183 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
184 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
185 tests have been known to fail. The
186 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
187 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
188
189 </listitem>
190 <listitem>
191 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
192 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
193 authentic AMD processor.</para>
194 </listitem>
195 <listitem>
196 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
197 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
198 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
199 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
200 </listitem>
201 <listitem>
202 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
203 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
204 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
205 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
206 make -k check</command>).</para>
207 </listitem>
208 </itemizedlist>
209
210 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
211 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
212 Prevent this warning with:</para>
213
214<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
215
216 <para>Install the package:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
221 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
222 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
223 skip important testcases.</para>
224
225 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
226 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
227 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
228 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
229 charset-independent locale definition with the
230 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
231 charmap definition and appends the result to the
232 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
233 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
234 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
235
236<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
237localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
238localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
239localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
240localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
241localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
242localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
243localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
244localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
245localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
246localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
247localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
248localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
249localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
250localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
251localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
252localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
253localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
254
255 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
256 character set.</para>
257
258 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
259 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
260 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
261 following time-consuming command:</para>
262
263<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
264
265 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
266 install locales not listed in the
267 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
268 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
269 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
270 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
271
272 </sect2>
273
274 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
275 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
276
277 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
278 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
279 </indexterm>
280
281 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
282 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
283 </indexterm>
284
285 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
286 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
287 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
288 also needs to be configured.</para>
289
290 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
291 following:</para>
292
293<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
294<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
295
296passwd: files
297group: files
298shadow: files
299
300hosts: files dns
301networks: files
302
303protocols: files
304services: files
305ethers: files
306rpc: files
307
308# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
309EOF</userinput></screen>
310
311 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
312 script:</para>
313
314<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
315
316 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
317 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
318 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
319 timezones listed in <filename
320 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
321 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
322 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
323
324 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
325 running:</para>
326
327<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
328 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
329
330 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
331 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
332
333 <variablelist>
334 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
335
336 <varlistentry>
337 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
338 <listitem>
339 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
340 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
341 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
342 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
343 single user mode.</para>
344 </listitem>
345 </varlistentry>
346
347 </variablelist>
348
349 </sect2>
350
351 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
352 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
353
354 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
355 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357
358 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
359 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
360 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
361 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
362 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
363 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
364 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
365 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
366 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
367 to contain additional libraries are <filename
368 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
369 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
370 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
371
372 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
373 following:</para>
374
375<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
376<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
377/usr/local/lib
378/opt/lib
379</literal>
380EOF</userinput></screen>
381
382 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
383 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
384 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
385 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
386
387<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
388<literal># Add an include directory
389include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
390</literal>
391EOF
392mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
393
394 </sect2>
395
396 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
397 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
398
399 <segmentedlist>
400 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
401 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
402 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
403
404 <seglistitem>
405 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
406 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
407 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
408 zdump, and zic</seg>
409 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
410 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
411 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
412 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
413 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
414 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
415 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
416 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
417 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
418 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
419 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
420 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
421 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
422 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
423 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
424 /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
425 </seglistitem>
426 </segmentedlist>
427
428 <variablelist>
429 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
430 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
431 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
432
433 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
434 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
437 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
439 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="gencat">
445 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
449 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="getconf">
455 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
458 specific variables</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
460 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="getent">
466 <term><command>getent</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
470 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="iconv">
476 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
480 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
486 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
489 files</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
491 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
497 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
501 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="ldd">
507 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
510 by each given program or shared library</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
512 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
518 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
522 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="locale">
528 <term><command>locale</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
532 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="localedef">
538 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
542 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
548 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
551 in human-readable format</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
553 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="nscd">
559 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
562 service requests</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
564 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
570 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
574 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
580 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
583 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
585 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
591 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
594 protocol</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
596 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
602 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
606 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610
611 <varlistentry id="sln">
612 <term><command>sln</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
616 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="sprof">
622 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
626 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
632 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
635 the corresponding time zone description</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
637 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
643 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
646 executed function</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
648 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="zdump">
654 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
658 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="zic">
664 <term><command>zic</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
668 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
674 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
677 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
678 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
679 </indexterm>
680 </listitem>
681 </varlistentry>
682
683 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
684 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
685 <listitem>
686 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
687 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
688 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
689 for more information</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
691 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
697 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
700 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
702 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="libanl">
708 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
712 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
718 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
721 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
723 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libc">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>The main C library</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
733 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
739 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
742 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
744 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>The cryptography library</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
754 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libdl">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
764 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="libg">
770 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
773 library for <command>g++</command></para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
775 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libieee">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
784 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
785 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
787 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libm">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>The mathematical library</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
797 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
807 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
816 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
818 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
824 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>The network services library</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
828 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="libnss">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
837 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
838 protocols, etc.</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
840 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
849 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
851 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
861 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
870 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
872 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
882 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="librt">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
891 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
893 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
899 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
902 multi-threaded programs</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
904 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="libutil">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
913 many different Unix utilities</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
915 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 </variablelist>
921
922 </sect2>
923
924</sect1>
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