source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ c5a2d5b

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Last change on this file since c5a2d5b was c5a2d5b, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 13 years ago

Undo previous commit; it had an unwanted change to Glibc.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9454 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 34.0 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
88 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
89 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
90 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
91 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
92
93<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>Fix a stack imbalance that occurs under some conditions:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '195,213 s/PRIVATE_FUTEX/FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME/' \
102nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/pthread_rwlock_timed{rd,wr}lock.S</userinput></screen>
103
104 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
105 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
106
107<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
108cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
109
110 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
111 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
112 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
113
114<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
115 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
116esac</userinput></screen>
117
118 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
119
120<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
121 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
122 --enable-kernel=2.6.22.5 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
123
124 <variablelist>
125 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
126
127 <varlistentry>
128 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
129 <listitem>
130 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
131 program from its default of <filename
132 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
133 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
134 </listitem>
135 </varlistentry>
136
137 </variablelist>
138
139 <para>Compile the package:</para>
140
141<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
142
143 <important>
144 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
145 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
146 </important>
147
148 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
149 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
150 results:</para>
151
152<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
153make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
154grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
155
156 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
157 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
158 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
159 common issues:</para>
160
161 <itemizedlist>
162 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
163 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
164 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
165 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
166 </listitem> -->
167 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
168 <listitem>
169
170 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
171 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
172 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
173 tests have been known to fail. The
174 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
175 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
176
177 </listitem>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
180 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
181 authentic AMD processor.</para>
182 </listitem>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
185 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
186 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
187 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
188 </listitem>
189 <listitem>
190 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
191 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
192 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
193 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
194 make -k check</command>).</para>
195 </listitem>
196 </itemizedlist>
197
198 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
199 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
200 Prevent this warning with:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Install the package:</para>
205
206<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
209 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
210 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
211 skip important testcases.</para>
212
213 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
214 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
215 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
216 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
217 charset-independent locale definition with the
218 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
219 charmap definition and appends the result to the
220 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
221 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
222 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
223
224<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
225localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
226localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
227localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
228localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
229localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
230localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
231localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
232localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
233localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
234localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
235localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
236localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
237localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
238localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
239localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
240localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
241localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
242
243 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
244 character set.</para>
245
246 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
247 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
248 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
249 following time-consuming command:</para>
250
251<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
252
253 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
254 install locales not listed in the
255 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
256 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
257 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
258 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
259
260 </sect2>
261
262 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
263 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
264
265 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
266 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
267 </indexterm>
268
269 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
270 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
271 </indexterm>
272
273 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
274 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
275 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
276 also needs to be configured.</para>
277
278 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
279 following:</para>
280
281<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
282<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
283
284passwd: files
285group: files
286shadow: files
287
288hosts: files dns
289networks: files
290
291protocols: files
292services: files
293ethers: files
294rpc: files
295
296# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
297EOF</userinput></screen>
298
299 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
300 script:</para>
301
302<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
303
304 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
305 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
306 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
307 timezones listed in <filename
308 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
309 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
310 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
311
312 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
313 running:</para>
314
315<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
316 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
317
318 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
319 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
320
321 <variablelist>
322 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
323
324 <varlistentry>
325 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
326 <listitem>
327 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
328 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
329 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
330 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
331 single user mode.</para>
332 </listitem>
333 </varlistentry>
334
335 </variablelist>
336
337 </sect2>
338
339 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
340 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
341
342 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
343 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
344 </indexterm>
345
346 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
347 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
348 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
349 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
350 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
351 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
352 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
353 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
354 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
355 to contain additional libraries are <filename
356 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
357 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
358 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
359
360 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
361 following:</para>
362
363<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
364<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
365
366/usr/local/lib
367/opt/lib
368
369# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
370EOF</userinput></screen>
371
372 </sect2>
373
374 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
375 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
376
377 <segmentedlist>
378 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
379 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
380 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
381
382 <seglistitem>
383 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
384 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
385 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
386 zdump, and zic</seg>
387 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
388 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
389 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
390 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
391 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
392 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
393 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
394 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
395 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
396 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
397 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
398 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
399 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
400 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
401 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
402 /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
403 </seglistitem>
404 </segmentedlist>
405
406 <variablelist>
407 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
408 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
409 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
410
411 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
412 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
415 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
416 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
417 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421
422 <varlistentry id="gencat">
423 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
424 <listitem>
425 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
426 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
427 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
428 </indexterm>
429 </listitem>
430 </varlistentry>
431
432 <varlistentry id="getconf">
433 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
434 <listitem>
435 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
436 specific variables</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
438 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="getent">
444 <term><command>getent</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
448 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="iconv">
454 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
458 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
464 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
467 files</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
469 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
475 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
478 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
479 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
480 </indexterm>
481 </listitem>
482 </varlistentry>
483
484 <varlistentry id="ldd">
485 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
486 <listitem>
487 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
488 by each given program or shared library</para>
489 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
490 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
496 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
500 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="locale">
506 <term><command>locale</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
509 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
510 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="localedef">
516 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
520 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
526 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
529 in human-readable format</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
531 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="nscd">
537 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
540 service requests</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
542 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
548 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
552 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
558 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
561 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
562 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
563 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
564 </indexterm>
565 </listitem>
566 </varlistentry>
567
568 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
569 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
570 <listitem>
571 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
572 protocol</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
574 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
580 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
584 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="sln">
590 <term><command>sln</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
594 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="sprof">
600 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
604 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
610 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
613 the corresponding time zone description</para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
615 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
621 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
624 executed function</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
626 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="zdump">
632 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
636 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="zic">
642 <term><command>zic</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
646 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
652 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
656 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
662 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
665 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
666 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
667 for more information</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
669 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
675 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
678 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
680 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="libanl">
686 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
690 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
696 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
699 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
700 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
701 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
702 </indexterm>
703 </listitem>
704 </varlistentry>
705
706 <varlistentry id="libc">
707 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
708 <listitem>
709 <para>The main C library</para>
710 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
711 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
712 </indexterm>
713 </listitem>
714 </varlistentry>
715
716 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
717 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
718 <listitem>
719 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
720 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
722 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>The cryptography library</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
732 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="libdl">
738 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
742 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libg">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
751 library for <command>g++</command></para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
753 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="libieee">
759 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
762 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
763 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
765 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="libm">
771 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>The mathematical library</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
775 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
785 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
794 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
796 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
802 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>The network services library</para>
805 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
806 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
807 </indexterm>
808 </listitem>
809 </varlistentry>
810
811 <varlistentry id="libnss">
812 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
813 <listitem>
814 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
815 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
816 protocols, etc.</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
818 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
824 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
827 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
829 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
839 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
845 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
848 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
850 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
860 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="librt">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
869 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
871 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
880 multi-threaded programs</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
882 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libutil">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
891 many different Unix utilities</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
893 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 </variablelist>
899
900 </sect2>
901
902</sect1>
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