source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ c906b7e

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Last change on this file since c906b7e was c906b7e, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 11 years ago

Upgrade to Glibc-2.17. Fixes #3261.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10075 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
65 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
68cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
69
70 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
73 --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-profile \
75 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 \
76 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
85 program from its default of <filename
86 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
87 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 </variablelist>
92
93 <para>Compile the package:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
96
97 <important>
98 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
99 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
100 </important>
101
102 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
103 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
106grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
107
108 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
109 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
110 <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests. In addition the Glibc
111 test suite is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the
112 most common issues:</para>
113
114 <itemizedlist>
115
116 <listitem>
117 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
118 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
119 <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
120 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
121 tests have been known to fail. The
122 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
123 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
124 </listitem>
125
126 <listitem>
127 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
128 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
129 authentic AMD processor.</para>
130 </listitem>
131
132 <listitem>
133 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
134 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
135 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
136 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
137 make -k check</command>).</para>
138 </listitem>
139
140 <listitem>
141 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
142 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
143 </listitem>
144
145 </itemizedlist>
146
147 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
148 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
149 Prevent this warning with:</para>
150
151<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
152
153 <para>Install the package:</para>
154
155<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
156
157 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
158 default; these are required to rebuild glibc and by several BLFS
159 packages:</para>
160
161<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
162cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
163cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
164
165 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
166 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
167 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
168 skip important testcases.</para>
169
170 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
171 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
172 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
173 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
174 charset-independent locale definition with the
175 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
176 charmap definition and appends the result to the
177 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
178 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
179 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
180
181<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
182localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
183localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
184localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
185localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
186localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
187localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
188localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
189localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
190localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
191localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
192localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
193localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
194localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
195localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
196localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
197localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
198localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
199localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
200localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
201localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
202localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
205 character set.</para>
206
207 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
208 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
209 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
210 following time-consuming command:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
215 install locales not listed in the
216 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
217 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
218
219 </sect2>
220
221 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
222 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
223
224 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
225 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
226 </indexterm>
227
228 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
229 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
233 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
234 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
235 also needs to be configured.</para>
236
237 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
238 following:</para>
239
240<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
241<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
242
243passwd: files
244group: files
245shadow: files
246
247hosts: files dns
248networks: files
249
250protocols: files
251services: files
252ethers: files
253rpc: files
254
255# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
256EOF</userinput></screen>
257
258 <para>Install timezone data:</para>
259<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
260
261ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
262mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
263
264for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
265 asia australasia backward pacificnew solar87 solar88 solar89 \
266 systemv; do
267 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
268 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
269 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
270done
271
272cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
273zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
274unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
275
276 <variablelist>
277 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
278
279 <varlistentry>
280 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
281 <listitem>
282 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
283 conventional to put these in both
284 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
285 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
286 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
287 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
288 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
289 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
290 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
291 directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
292 results</para>
293 </listitem>
294 </varlistentry>
295 <varlistentry>
296 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
297 <listitem>
298 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
299 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
300 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
301 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
302 directory.</para>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305 <varlistentry>
306 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
307 <listitem>
308 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
309 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
310 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
311 </listitem>
312 </varlistentry>
313 </variablelist>
314
315
316 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
317 script:</para>
318
319<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
320
321 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
322 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
323 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
324 timezones listed in <filename
325 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
326 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
327 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
328
329 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
330 running:</para>
331
332<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
333 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
334
335 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
336 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
337
338 <variablelist>
339 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
340
341 <varlistentry>
342 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
345 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
346 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
347 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
348 single user mode.</para>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 </variablelist>
353
354 </sect2>
355
356 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
357 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
358
359 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
360 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
361 </indexterm>
362
363 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
364 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
365 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
366 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
367 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
368 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
369 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
370 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
371 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
372 to contain additional libraries are <filename
373 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
374 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
375 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
376
377 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
378 following:</para>
379
380<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
381<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
382/usr/local/lib
383/opt/lib
384</literal>
385EOF</userinput></screen>
386
387 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
388 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
389 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
390 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
391
392<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
393<literal># Add an include directory
394include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
395</literal>
396EOF
397mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
398
399 </sect2>
400
401 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
402 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
403
404 <segmentedlist>
405 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
406 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
407 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
408
409 <seglistitem>
410 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
411 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
412 pldd, pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
413 zdump, and zic</seg>
414 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
415 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
416 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
417 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
418 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
419 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
420 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
421 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
422 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
423 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
424 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
425 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
426 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
427 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
428 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
429 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/db</seg>
430 </seglistitem>
431 </segmentedlist>
432
433 <variablelist>
434 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
435 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
436 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
437
438 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
439 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
442 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
443 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
444 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
445 </indexterm>
446 </listitem>
447 </varlistentry>
448
449 <varlistentry id="gencat">
450 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
451 <listitem>
452 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
453 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
454 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
455 </indexterm>
456 </listitem>
457 </varlistentry>
458
459 <varlistentry id="getconf">
460 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
461 <listitem>
462 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
463 specific variables</para>
464 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
465 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="getent">
471 <term><command>getent</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
474 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
475 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
476 </indexterm>
477 </listitem>
478 </varlistentry>
479
480 <varlistentry id="iconv">
481 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
482 <listitem>
483 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
485 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
491 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
494 files</para>
495 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
496 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
497 </indexterm>
498 </listitem>
499 </varlistentry>
500
501 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
502 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
506 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="ldd">
512 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
515 by each given program or shared library</para>
516 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
517 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
518 </indexterm>
519 </listitem>
520 </varlistentry>
521
522 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
523 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
524 <listitem>
525 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
526 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
527 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
528 </indexterm>
529 </listitem>
530 </varlistentry>
531
532 <varlistentry id="locale">
533 <term><command>locale</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
537 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="localedef">
543 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
547 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="makedb">
553 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
557 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
563 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
566 in human-readable format</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
568 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="nscd">
574 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
577 service requests</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
579 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
585 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
589 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="pldd">
595 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
599 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
605 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
608 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
610 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
616 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
619 protocol</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
621 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="sln">
627 <term><command>sln</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
631 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
637 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
641 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="sprof">
647 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
651 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
657 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
660 the corresponding time zone description</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
662 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
668 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
671 executed function</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
673 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="zdump">
679 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
683 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="zic">
689 <term><command>zic</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
693 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
699 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
703 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
709 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
712 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
713 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
714 for more information</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
716 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
722 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
725 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
727 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="libanl">
733 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
737 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
743 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
746 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
748 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="libc">
754 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>The main C library</para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
758 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
764 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
767 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
769 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
775 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>The cryptography library</para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
779 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libdl">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
789 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libg">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
798 library for <command>g++</command></para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
800 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="libieee">
806 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
809 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
810 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
812 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="libm">
818 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>The mathematical library</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
822 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
832 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836
837 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
841 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
843 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
849 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>The network services library</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
853 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="libnss">
859 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
862 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
863 protocols, etc.</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
865 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
874 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
876 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
886 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
892 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
895 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
897 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
903 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
906 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
907 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
908 </indexterm>
909 </listitem>
910 </varlistentry>
911
912 <varlistentry id="librt">
913 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
914 <listitem>
915 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
916 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
917 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
918 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
919 </indexterm>
920 </listitem>
921 </varlistentry>
922
923 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
924 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
925 <listitem>
926 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
927 multi-threaded programs</para>
928 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
929 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
930 </indexterm>
931 </listitem>
932 </varlistentry>
933
934 <varlistentry id="libutil">
935 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
936 <listitem>
937 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
938 many different Unix utilities</para>
939 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
940 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
941 </indexterm>
942 </listitem>
943 </varlistentry>
944
945 </variablelist>
946
947 </sect2>
948
949</sect1>
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