source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ ef9aabc

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Last change on this file since ef9aabc was e4a5635, checked in by Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@…>, 18 years ago

Replaced "<" by "less than".

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25 <segmentedlist>
26 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
27 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
28
29 <seglistitem>
30 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
31 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
32 </seglistitem>
33 </segmentedlist>
34
35 </sect2>
36
37 <sect2 role="installation">
38 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
39
40 <note>
41 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
42 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
43 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
44 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
45 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
46 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
47 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
48 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
49 </note>
50
51 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
52 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
53 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
54 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
55 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
56 of achieving a clean build.</para>
57
58 <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
59 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
60 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library (see
61 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>), not this add-on.
62 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
63
64<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2</userinput></screen>
65
66 <para>Apply the following patch to fix build errors in packages that include
67 <filename class="headerfile">linux/types.h</filename> after <filename
68 class="headerfile">sys/kd.h</filename>:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-linux_types-patch;</userinput></screen>
71
72 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite loop
73 at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command> bug or a
74 Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to avoid the
75 problem:</para>
76
77<screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
78
79 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
80 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
81 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
82 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
83 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
84 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
85
86<screen><userinput>sed -i \
87's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
88 scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
89
90 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
91 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
92
93<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
94cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
95
96 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
97
98<screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
99 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
100 --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
101
102 <variablelist>
103 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
109 program from its default of <filename
110 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
111 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 </variablelist>
116
117 <para>Compile the package:</para>
118
119<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
120
121 <important>
122 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
123 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
124 </important>
125
126 <para>Test the results:</para>
127
128<screen><userinput>make -k check &gt;glibc-check-log 2&gt;&amp;1
129grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
130
131 <para>On at least i686 you can expect to see failures in the
132 <emphasis>test-double </emphasis> and <emphasis>test-idouble</emphasis>
133 math tests with gcc-&gcc-version;, as well as an expected (ignored)
134 failure in <emphasis> posix/annexc</emphasis>. These two failures in
135 the math tests appear to be harmless.</para>
136
137 <para>The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
138 the host system, in particular the kernel. In certain circumstances,
139 some failures are unavoidable. This is a list of the most common
140 issues:</para>
141
142 <itemizedlist>
143 <listitem>
144 <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests sometimes fail in other
145 tests when running on systems where the CPU is not a relatively
146 new genuine Intel or authentic AMD. Certain optimization settings
147 are also known to be a factor here.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 <listitem>
150 <para>The <emphasis>gettext</emphasis> test sometimes fails due to
151 host system issues. The exact reasons are not yet clear.</para>
152 </listitem>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
155 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
156 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
157 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
158 </listitem>
159 <listitem>
160 <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
161 can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
162 </listitem>
163 </itemizedlist>
164
165 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
166 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
167 Prevent this warning with:</para>
168
169<screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
170
171 <para>Install the package:</para>
172
173<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
174
175 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
176 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
177 but, if some of them are misssing, testuites of the future packages would
178 skip important testcases.</para>
179
180 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
181 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
182 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
183 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename>
184 charset-independent locale definition with the
185 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename>
186 charmap definition and appends the result to the
187 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
188 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
189 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
190
191<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
192localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
193localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
194localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
195localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
196localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
197localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
198localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
199localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
200localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
201localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
202localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
203localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
204localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
205
206 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
207 character set.</para>
208
209 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
210 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
211 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
212 following time-consuming command:</para>
213
214<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
215
216 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
217 install locales not listed in the
218 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
219 in the unlikely case if you need them.</para>
220 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
221 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
222
223 </sect2>
224
225 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
226 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
227
228 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
229 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
233 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235
236 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
237 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
238 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
239 also needs to be configured.</para>
240
241 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
242 following:</para>
243
244<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
245<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
246
247passwd: files
248group: files
249shadow: files
250
251hosts: files dns
252networks: files
253
254protocols: files
255services: files
256ethers: files
257rpc: files
258
259# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
260EOF</userinput></screen>
261
262 <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
263
264<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
265
266 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
267 output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
268 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
269 <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
270
271<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
272 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
273
274 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
275 that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
276
277 <variablelist>
278 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
279
280 <varlistentry>
281 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
282 <listitem>
283 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
284 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
285 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
286 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
287 single user mode.</para>
288 </listitem>
289 </varlistentry>
290
291 </variablelist>
292
293 </sect2>
294
295 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
296 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
297
298 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
299 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
300 </indexterm>
301
302 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
303 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
304 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
305 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
306 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
307 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
308 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
309 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
310 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
311 to contain additional libraries are <filename
312 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
313 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
314 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
315
316 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
317 following:</para>
318
319<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
320<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
321
322/usr/local/lib
323/opt/lib
324
325# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
326EOF</userinput></screen>
327
328 </sect2>
329
330 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
331 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
332
333 <segmentedlist>
334 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
335 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
336
337 <seglistitem>
338 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
339 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, nscd_nischeck,
340 pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
341 zdump, and zic</seg>
342 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
343 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
344 libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
345 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
346 libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
347 libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, and
348 libutil.{a,so}</seg>
349 </seglistitem>
350 </segmentedlist>
351
352 <variablelist>
353 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
354 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
355 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
356
357 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
358 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
361 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
362 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
363 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
364 </indexterm>
365 </listitem>
366 </varlistentry>
367
368 <varlistentry id="gencat">
369 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
370 <listitem>
371 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
372 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
373 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
374 </indexterm>
375 </listitem>
376 </varlistentry>
377
378 <varlistentry id="getconf">
379 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
380 <listitem>
381 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
382 specific variables</para>
383 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
384 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
385 </indexterm>
386 </listitem>
387 </varlistentry>
388
389 <varlistentry id="getent">
390 <term><command>getent</command></term>
391 <listitem>
392 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
393 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
394 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
395 </indexterm>
396 </listitem>
397 </varlistentry>
398
399 <varlistentry id="iconv">
400 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
401 <listitem>
402 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
403 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
404 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
405 </indexterm>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408
409 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
410 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
411 <listitem>
412 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
413 files</para>
414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
415 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
421 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
424 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
425 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="ldd">
431 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
434 by each given program or shared library</para>
435 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
436 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
437 </indexterm>
438 </listitem>
439 </varlistentry>
440
441 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
442 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
443 <listitem>
444 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
445 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
446 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
447 </indexterm>
448 </listitem>
449 </varlistentry>
450
451 <varlistentry id="locale">
452 <term><command>locale</command></term>
453 <listitem>
454 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
455 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
456 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
457 </indexterm>
458 </listitem>
459 </varlistentry>
460
461 <varlistentry id="localedef">
462 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
463 <listitem>
464 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
465 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
466 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
467 </indexterm>
468 </listitem>
469 </varlistentry>
470
471 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
472 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
473 <listitem>
474 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
475 in human-readable format</para>
476 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
477 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
478 </indexterm>
479 </listitem>
480 </varlistentry>
481
482 <varlistentry id="nscd">
483 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
484 <listitem>
485 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
486 service requests</para>
487 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
488 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
489 </indexterm>
490 </listitem>
491 </varlistentry>
492
493 <varlistentry id="nscd_nischeck">
494 <term><command>nscd_nischeck</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Checks whether or not secure mode is necessary for NIS+
497 lookup</para>
498 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd_nischeck">
499 <primary sortas="b-nscd_nischeck">nscd_nischeck</primary>
500 </indexterm>
501 </listitem>
502 </varlistentry>
503
504 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
505 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
506 <listitem>
507 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
509 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
515 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
518 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
520 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
526 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
529 protocol</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
531 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
537 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
541 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="sln">
547 <term><command>sln</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
551 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="sprof">
557 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
561 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
567 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
570 the corresponding time zone description</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
572 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
578 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
581 executed function</para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
583 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
588 <varlistentry id="zdump">
589 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
593 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="zic">
599 <term><command>zic</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
603 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
609 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
613 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
619 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
622 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
623 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
624 for more information</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
626 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
632 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
635 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
637 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="libanl">
643 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
647 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
653 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain Berkey
656 Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
658 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="libc">
664 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>The main C library</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
668 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
674 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
677 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
679 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
685 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>The cryptography library</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
689 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="libdl">
695 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
699 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="libg">
705 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
708 library for <command>g++</command></para>
709 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
710 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
711 </indexterm>
712 </listitem>
713 </varlistentry>
714
715 <varlistentry id="libieee">
716 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
717 <listitem>
718 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
719 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
720 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
722 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="libm">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>The mathematical library</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
732 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
738 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
742 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
751 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
753 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
759 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>The network services library</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
763 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="libnss">
769 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
772 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
773 protocols, etc.</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
775 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
784 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
785 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
786 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
787 </indexterm>
788 </listitem>
789 </varlistentry>
790
791 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
792 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
793 <listitem>
794 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
796 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
802 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
805 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
807 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
817 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="librt">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
826 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
828 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
837 multi-threaded programs</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
839 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="libutil">
845 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
848 many different Unix utilities</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
850 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 </variablelist>
856
857 </sect2>
858
859</sect1>
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