source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ f77b95f

7.8-systemd 7.9-systemd
Last change on this file since f77b95f was f77b95f, checked in by Douglas R. Reno <renodr@…>, 9 years ago

Update to binutils-2.25.1
Update to check-0.10.0
Update to procps-ng-3.3.11
Update to man-pages-4.02
Update to glibc-2.22
Update to linux-4.1.5
Update to tzdata2015f
XML Cleanups
Add a workaround for ncurses in Chapter 5 to not use mawk if found
Document some test suite failures

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use non-FHS compilant
57 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
58 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
59 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
62 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
63 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
64 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
65 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
66 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
67 of achieving a clean build.</para>
68
69 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
70 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
73cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
74
75 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
76
77<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
78 --prefix=/usr \
79 --disable-profile \
80 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
81 --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
82
83 <para>Compile the package:</para>
84
85<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
86
87 <important>
88 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
89 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
90 </important>
91
92 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass, but you can generally ignore
93 any of the test failures listed below. Now test the build results:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
96
97 <para>You will probably see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
98 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
99 issues seen for this version of LFS:</para>
100
101 <itemizedlist>
102
103 <listitem>
104 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> will always fail
105 due to not having the necessary network applications when the tests are
106 run.</para>
107 </listitem>
108
109 <listitem>
110 <para>The <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis> and
111 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis> tests have been known to
112 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
113 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
114 </listitem>
115
116 <listitem>
117 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
118 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
119 authentic AMD processor.</para>
120 </listitem>
121<!--
122 <listitem>
123 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
124 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
125 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
126 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
127 make -k check</command>).</para>
128 </listitem>
129-->
130<!--
131 <listitem>
132 <para>libio/tst-ftell-partial-wide.out fails because it needs a locale
133 that has not yet been generated.</para>
134 </listitem>
135-->
136 <listitem>
137 <para>The <emphasis>elf/tst-protected1a</emphasis> and
138 <emphasis>elf/tst-protected1a</emphasis> tests are known to
139 fail with the current stable version of binutils.</para>
140 </listitem>
141
142 <listitem>
143 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
144 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
145 </listitem>
146
147 </itemizedlist>
148
149 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
150 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
151 Prevent this warning with:</para>
152
153<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
154
155 <para>Install the package:</para>
156
157<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
158
159 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
160 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
161
162<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
163mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
164
165 <para>Install the systemd support files for <command>nscd</command>:</para>
166
167<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
168install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
169
170 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
171 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
172 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
173 skip important testcases.</para>
174
175 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
176 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
177 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
178 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
179 charset-independent locale definition with the
180 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
181 charmap definition and appends the result to the
182 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
183 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
184 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
185
186<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
187localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
188localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
189localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
190localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
191localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
192localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
193localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
194localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
195localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
196localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
197localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
198localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
199localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
200localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
201localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
202localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
203localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
204localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
205localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
206localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
207localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
208
209 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
210 character set.</para>
211
212 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
213 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
214 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
215 following time-consuming command:</para>
216
217<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
218
219 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
220 install locales not listed in the
221 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
222 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
223
224 </sect2>
225
226 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
227 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
228
229 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
230 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
231 </indexterm>
232
233 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
234 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
235 </indexterm>
236
237 <sect3>
238 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
239
240 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
241 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
242 </para>
243
244 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
245 following:</para>
246
247<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
248<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
249
250passwd: files
251group: files
252shadow: files
253
254hosts: files dns myhostname
255networks: files
256
257protocols: files
258services: files
259ethers: files
260rpc: files
261
262# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
263EOF</userinput></screen>
264
265 </sect3>
266
267 <sect3>
268 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
269
270 <para>Install and set up the timezone data with the following:</para>
271<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
272
273ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
274mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
275
276for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
277 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
278 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
279 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
280 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
281done
282
283cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
284zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
285unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
286
287 <variablelist>
288 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
289
290 <varlistentry>
291 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
292 <listitem>
293 <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds. It is
294 conventional to put these in both
295 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
296 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
297 necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
298 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
299 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
300 tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
301 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
302 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
303 failures.</para>
304 </listitem>
305 </varlistentry>
306 <varlistentry>
307 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
308 <listitem>
309 <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
310 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
311 ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
312 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
313 directory.</para>
314 </listitem>
315 </varlistentry>
316 <varlistentry>
317 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
320 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
321 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
322 </listitem>
323 </varlistentry>
324 </variablelist>
325
326
327 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
328 script:</para>
329
330<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
331
332 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
333 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
334 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
335 timezones listed in <filename
336 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
337 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
338 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
339
340 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
341 running:</para>
342
343<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
344
345 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
346 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
347
348 </sect3>
349
350 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
351 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
352
353 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
354 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
355 </indexterm>
356
357 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
358 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
359 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
360 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
361 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
362 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
363 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
364 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
365 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
366 to contain additional libraries are <filename
367 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
368 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
369 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
370
371 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
372 following:</para>
373
374<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
375<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
376/usr/local/lib
377/opt/lib
378</literal>
379EOF</userinput></screen>
380
381 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
382 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
383 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
384 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
385
386<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
387<literal># Add an include directory
388include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
389</literal>
390EOF
391mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
392
393 </sect3>
394 </sect2>
395
396 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
397 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
398
399 <segmentedlist>
400 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
401 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
402 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
403
404 <seglistitem>
405 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
406 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
407 pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
408 zdump, and zic</seg>
409 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
410 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
411 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
412 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
413 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
414 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
415 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
416 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
417 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
418 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
419 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
420 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
421 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
422 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
423 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
424 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
425 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
426 </seglistitem>
427 </segmentedlist>
428
429 <variablelist>
430 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
431 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
432 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
433
434 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
435 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
436 <listitem>
437 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
438 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
440 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="gencat">
446 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
450 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="getconf">
456 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
459 specific variables</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
461 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="getent">
467 <term><command>getent</command></term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
471 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="iconv">
477 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
480 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
481 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
482 </indexterm>
483 </listitem>
484 </varlistentry>
485
486 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
487 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
490 files</para>
491 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
492 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
493 </indexterm>
494 </listitem>
495 </varlistentry>
496
497 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
498 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
499 <listitem>
500 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
502 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="ldd">
508 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
511 by each given program or shared library</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
513 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
519 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
523 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="locale">
529 <term><command>locale</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
533 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="localedef">
539 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
543 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="makedb">
549 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
553 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
559 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
562 in human-readable format</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
564 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="nscd">
570 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
573 service requests</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
575 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
581 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
585 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="pldd">
591 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
595 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599<!--
600 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
601 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
604 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
606 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610-->
611 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
612 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
615 protocol</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
617 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="sln">
623 <term><command>sln</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
627 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
633 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
637 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="sprof">
643 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
647 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
653 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
656 the corresponding time zone description</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
658 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
664 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
667 executed function</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
669 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="zdump">
675 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
679 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="zic">
685 <term><command>zic</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
689 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
695 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
699 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
705 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
708 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
709 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
710 for more information</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
712 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
718 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
721 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
723 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="libanl">
729 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
733 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="libc">
739 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>The main C library</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
743 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
749 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
752 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
754 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The cryptography library</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
764 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="libdl">
770 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
774 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="libg">
780 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
783 library for <command>g++</command></para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
785 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libieee">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
794 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
795 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
797 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libm">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>The mathematical library</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
807 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
817 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
826 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
828 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>The network services library</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
838 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="libnss">
844 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
847 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
848 protocols, etc.</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
850 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
859 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
861 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
871 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
880 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
882 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
892 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="librt">
898 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
901 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
903 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
909 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
912 multi-threaded programs</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
914 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="libutil">
920 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
923 many different Unix utilities</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
925 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 </variablelist>
931
932 </sect2>
933
934</sect1>
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