source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ f7d98e8

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Last change on this file since f7d98e8 was f7d98e8, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 12 years ago

Add Glibc's GCC patch back again to fix a build issue on x86 hosts.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9790 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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File size: 35.3 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note>
47 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
48 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
49 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
50 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
51 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
52 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
53 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
54 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
55 </note>
56
57 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
58 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
59 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
60 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
61 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
62 of achieving a clean build.</para>
63
64<!--
65 This should have been fixed a long time ago.
66
67 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
68 loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
69 bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
70 avoid the problem:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
73-->
74
75 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
76 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
77 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
78 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
79 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
80 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
81
82<screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
83sed -i &quot;s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|&quot; \
84 scripts/test-installation.pl
85unset DL</userinput></screen>
86
87 <para>In addition, there is a bug in the
88 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> script in that it tries to link
89 a test program to a library that isn't installed by
90 <command>make install</command>. Issue the following <command>sed</command>
91 command to fix it:</para>
92
93 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/"db1"/&amp; \&amp;\&amp; $name ne "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
96 syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
97 in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
98 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
99 chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
100
101<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
102
103 <para>Fix a bug that prevents Glibc from building with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
104<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-gcc_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
105
106 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
107 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
110cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
111
112 <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
113 Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
114 enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
115
116<screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
117 i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" &gt; configparms ;;
118esac</userinput></screen>
119
120 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
121
122<screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure \
123 --prefix=/usr \
124 --disable-profile \
125 --enable-add-ons \
126 --enable-kernel=2.6.25 \
127 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
128
129 <variablelist>
130 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
136 program from its default of <filename
137 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
138 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 </variablelist>
143
144 <para>Compile the package:</para>
145
146<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
147
148 <important>
149 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
150 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
151 </important>
152
153 <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
154 build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
155 results:</para>
156
157<screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
158make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
159grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
160
161 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
162 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
163 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
164 common issues:</para>
165
166 <itemizedlist>
167 <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
168 <!-- Haven;t seen this in quite a while <listitem>
169 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
170 using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
171 </listitem> -->
172 <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6, rt/tst-cpuclock2 in glibc-2.11.1 -->
173 <listitem>
174
175 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
176 <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>, and
177 <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
178 tests have been known to fail. The
179 reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
180 timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
181
182 </listitem>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
185 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
186 authentic AMD processor.</para>
187 </listitem>
188 <listitem>
189 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
190 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
191 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
192 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
193 </listitem>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
196 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
197 Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
198 help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
199 make -k check</command>).</para>
200 </listitem>
201 <listitem>
202 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are posix/bug-regex32,
203 misc/tst-writev, elf/check-textrel, nptl/tst-getpid2, and stdio-common/bug22.</para>
204 </listitem>
205 </itemizedlist>
206
207 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
208 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
209 Prevent this warning with:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>Install the package:</para>
214
215<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Install NIS and RPC related headers that are not installed by
218 default; these are required by several BLFS packages:</para>
219
220<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpc/*.h /usr/include/rpc
221cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/sunrpc/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc
222cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/nis/rpcsvc/*.h /usr/include/rpcsvc</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
225 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
226 but if some of them are missing, test suites of the future packages would
227 skip important testcases.</para>
228
229 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
230 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
231 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
232 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
233 charset-independent locale definition with the
234 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
235 charmap definition and appends the result to the
236 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
237 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
238 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
239
240<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
241localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
242localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
243localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
244localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
245localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
246localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
247localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
248localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
249localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
250localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
251localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
252localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
253localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
254localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
255localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
256localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
257localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
258
259 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
260 character set.</para>
261
262 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
263 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
264 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
265 following time-consuming command:</para>
266
267<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
268
269 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
270 install locales not listed in the
271 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
272 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
273 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
274 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
275
276 </sect2>
277
278 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
279 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
280
281 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
282 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
283 </indexterm>
284
285 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
286 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
287 </indexterm>
288
289 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
290 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
291 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
292 also needs to be configured.</para>
293
294 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
295 following:</para>
296
297<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
298<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
299
300passwd: files
301group: files
302shadow: files
303
304hosts: files dns
305networks: files
306
307protocols: files
308services: files
309ethers: files
310rpc: files
311
312# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
313EOF</userinput></screen>
314
315 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
316 script:</para>
317
318<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
319
320 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
321 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
322 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
323 timezones listed in <filename
324 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
325 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
326 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
327
328 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
329 running:</para>
330
331<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
332 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
333
334 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
335 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
336
337 <variablelist>
338 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
339
340 <varlistentry>
341 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
342 <listitem>
343 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
344 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
345 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
346 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
347 single user mode.</para>
348 </listitem>
349 </varlistentry>
350
351 </variablelist>
352
353 </sect2>
354
355 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
356 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
357
358 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
359 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
360 </indexterm>
361
362 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
363 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
364 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
365 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
366 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
367 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
368 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
369 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
370 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
371 to contain additional libraries are <filename
372 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
373 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
374 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
375
376 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
377 following:</para>
378
379<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
380<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
381/usr/local/lib
382/opt/lib
383</literal>
384EOF</userinput></screen>
385
386 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
387 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
388 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
389 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
390
391<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
392<literal># Add an include directory
393include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
394</literal>
395EOF
396mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
397
398 </sect2>
399
400 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
401 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
402
403 <segmentedlist>
404 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
405 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
406 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
407
408 <seglistitem>
409 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
410 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
411 pt_chown, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
412 zdump, and zic</seg>
413 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
414 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
415 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
416 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
417 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
418 libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
419 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
420 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
421 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
422 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
423 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
424 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
425 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
426 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
427 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc,
428 /usr/lib/locale, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo</seg>
429 </seglistitem>
430 </segmentedlist>
431
432 <variablelist>
433 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
434 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
435 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
436
437 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
438 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
439 <listitem>
440 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
441 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
443 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="gencat">
449 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
452 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
453 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
454 </indexterm>
455 </listitem>
456 </varlistentry>
457
458 <varlistentry id="getconf">
459 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
462 specific variables</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
464 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="getent">
470 <term><command>getent</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
474 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="iconv">
480 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
484 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
490 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
493 files</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
495 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
501 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
505 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="ldd">
511 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
514 by each given program or shared library</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
516 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
522 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
526 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="locale">
532 <term><command>locale</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
536 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="localedef">
542 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
546 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
552 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
555 in human-readable format</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
557 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="nscd">
563 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
566 service requests</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
568 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
574 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
578 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
584 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
587 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
589 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
595 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
598 protocol</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
600 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="sln">
606 <term><command>sln</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
610 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
616 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
620 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="sprof">
626 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
630 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634
635 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
636 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
639 the corresponding time zone description</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
641 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
647 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
650 executed function</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
652 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="zdump">
658 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
662 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="zic">
668 <term><command>zic</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
672 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
678 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
682 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
688 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
691 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
692 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
693 for more information</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
695 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
701 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
704 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
706 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="libanl">
712 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
716 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
722 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
725 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
727 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="libc">
733 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>The main C library</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
737 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
743 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
746 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
748 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
754 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>The cryptography library</para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
758 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="libdl">
764 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
768 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libg">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
777 library for <command>g++</command></para>
778 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
779 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
780 </indexterm>
781 </listitem>
782 </varlistentry>
783
784 <varlistentry id="libieee">
785 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
786 <listitem>
787 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
788 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
789 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
791 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="libm">
797 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>The mathematical library</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
801 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
807 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
811 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
817 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
820 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
822 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>The network services library</para>
831 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
832 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
833 </indexterm>
834 </listitem>
835 </varlistentry>
836
837 <varlistentry id="libnss">
838 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
839 <listitem>
840 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
841 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
842 protocols, etc.</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
844 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
850 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
853 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
854 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
855 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
856 </indexterm>
857 </listitem>
858 </varlistentry>
859
860 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
861 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
862 <listitem>
863 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
865 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
874 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
876 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
886 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="librt">
892 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
895 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
897 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
903 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
906 multi-threaded programs</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
908 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="libutil">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
917 many different Unix utilities</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
919 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 </variablelist>
925
926 </sect2>
927
928</sect1>
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