source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ fb4e1d4

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Last change on this file since fb4e1d4 was fb4e1d4, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 5 years ago

Fix a problem introduced by linux-5.2 by adding an include file to a glibc header.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11651 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.7 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64 <para>Fix a problem introduced with the linux-5.2 kernel:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/asm.socket.h/a# include &lt;linux/sockios.h&gt;' \
67 sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/socket.h</userinput></screen>
68
69 <para>Create a symlink for LSB
70 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
71 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
74 i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
75 ;;
76 x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
77 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
78 ;;
79esac</userinput></screen>
80<!--
81 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
82 </para>
83
84<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
85-->
86 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
87 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
88
89<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
90cd build</userinput></screen>
91
92 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr" \
95../configure --prefix=/usr \
96 --disable-werror \
97 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
98 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
99 --with-headers=/usr/include \
100 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
101
102 <variablelist>
103 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=/tools=/usr"</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in /tools in result
109 of the compilation as if the files resided in /usr. This avoids
110 introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
118 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
119 </listitem>
120 </varlistentry>
121
122 <varlistentry>
123 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>This option increases system security by adding
126 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
127 smashing attacks.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
135 kernel API headers. By default, those headers are sought in
136 <filename class="directory">/tools/include</filename>.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry>
141 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
144 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
145 </listitem>
146 </varlistentry>
147
148 </variablelist>
149
150 <para>Compile the package:</para>
151
152<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
153
154 <important>
155 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
156 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
157 </important>
158
159 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
160 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
161
162<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
163<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
164 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
165 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
166esac</userinput></screen>
167
168 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
169 stage of building in the chroot envirnment. It will be overwritten
170 in the install phase below.</para></note>
171
172<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
173
174 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
175 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
176 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
177
178 <itemizedlist>
179
180 <listitem>
181 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
182 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
183 </listitem>
184
185 <listitem>
186 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
187 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
188 </listitem>
189
190 <listitem>
191 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
192 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
193 may fail on some architectures.</para>
194 </listitem>
195
196 <listitem>
197 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
198 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
199 </listitem>
200
201 <listitem>
202 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
203 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
204 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
205 cause these tests to fail.
206 </para>
207 </listitem>
208
209 <listitem>
210 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
211 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
212 AMD processor.</para>
213 </listitem>
214<!--
215 <listitem>
216 <para>The
217 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
218 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
219 </listitem>
220
221 <listitem>
222 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
223 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
224 </listitem>
225-->
226 </itemizedlist>
227
228 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
229 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
230 Prevent this warning with:</para>
231
232<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
233
234 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
235 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
236 </para>
237
238<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
239
240 <para>Install the package:</para>
241
242<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
243
244 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
245 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
246
247<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
248mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
249
250 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
251 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
252
253 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
254install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
255
256 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
257 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
258 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
259 testcases.</para>
260
261 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
262 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
263 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
264 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
265 charset-independent locale definition with the
266 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
267 charmap definition and appends the result to the
268 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
269 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
270 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
271
272<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
273localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
274localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
275localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
276localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
277localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
278localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
279localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
280localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
281localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
282localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
283localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
284localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
285localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
286localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
287localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
288localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
289localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
290localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
291localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
292localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
293localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
294localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
295localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
296localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
297localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
298localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
299
300 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
301 character set.</para>
302
303 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
304 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
305 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
306 following time-consuming command:</para>
307
308<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
309
310 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
311 install locales not listed in the
312 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
313 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
314
315 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
316 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
317 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
318 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
319 </para></note>
320
321 </sect2>
322
323 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
324 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
325
326 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
327 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
328 </indexterm>
329
330 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
331 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
332 </indexterm>
333
334 <sect3>
335 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
336
337 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
338 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
339 </para>
340
341 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
342 following:</para>
343
344<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
345<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
346
347passwd: files
348group: files
349shadow: files
350
351hosts: files dns
352networks: files
353
354protocols: files
355services: files
356ethers: files
357rpc: files
358
359# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
360EOF</userinput></screen>
361
362 </sect3>
363
364 <sect3>
365 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
366
367 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
368<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
369
370ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
371mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
372
373for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
374 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
375 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
376 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
377 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
378done
379
380cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
381zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
382unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
383
384 <variablelist>
385 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
386
387 <varlistentry>
388 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
389 <listitem>
390 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
391 conventional to put these in both
392 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
393 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
394 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
395 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
396 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
397 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
398 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
399 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
400 failures.</para>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403 <varlistentry>
404 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
405 <listitem>
406 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
407 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
408 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
409 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
410 directory.</para>
411 </listitem>
412 </varlistentry>
413 <varlistentry>
414 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
415 <listitem>
416 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
417 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
418 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421 </variablelist>
422
423
424 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
425 script:</para>
426
427<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
428
429 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
430 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
431 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
432 time zones listed in <filename
433 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
434 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
435 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
436
437 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
438 running:</para>
439
440<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
441
442<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
443
444 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
445 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
446
447 </sect3>
448
449 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
450 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
451
452 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
453 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
454 </indexterm>
455
456 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
457 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
458 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
459 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
460 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
461 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
462 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
463 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
464 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
465 to contain additional libraries are <filename
466 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
467 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
468 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
469
470 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
471 following:</para>
472
473<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
474<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
475/usr/local/lib
476/opt/lib
477</literal>
478EOF</userinput></screen>
479
480 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
481 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
482 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
483 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
484
485<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
486<literal># Add an include directory
487include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
488</literal>
489EOF
490mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
491
492 </sect3>
493 </sect2>
494
495 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
496 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
497
498 <segmentedlist>
499 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
500 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
501 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
502
503 <seglistitem>
504 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
505 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
506 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
507 zdump, and zic</seg>
508 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
509 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
510 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
511 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
512 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
513 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
514 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
515 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
516 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
517 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
518 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
519 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
520 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
521 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
522 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
523 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
524 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
525 </seglistitem>
526 </segmentedlist>
527
528 <variablelist>
529 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
530 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
531 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
532
533 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
534 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
537 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
539 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="gencat">
545 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
549 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="getconf">
555 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
558 specific variables</para>
559 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
560 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
561 </indexterm>
562 </listitem>
563 </varlistentry>
564
565 <varlistentry id="getent">
566 <term><command>getent</command></term>
567 <listitem>
568 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
570 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="iconv">
576 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
580 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
586 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
589 files</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
591 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
597 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
601 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="ldd">
607 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
610 by each given program or shared library</para>
611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
612 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
617 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
618 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
621 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
622 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
623 </indexterm>
624 </listitem>
625 </varlistentry>
626
627 <varlistentry id="locale">
628 <term><command>locale</command></term>
629 <listitem>
630 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
632 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="localedef">
638 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
642 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="makedb">
648 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
652 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
658 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
661 in human-readable format</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
663 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="nscd">
669 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
672 service requests</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
674 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
680 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
684 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="pldd">
690 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
694 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="sln">
700 <term><command>sln</command></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
703 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
704 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
705 </indexterm>
706 </listitem>
707 </varlistentry>
708
709 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
710 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
711 <listitem>
712 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
714 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="sprof">
720 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
724 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
730 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
733 the corresponding time zone description</para>
734 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
735 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
736 </indexterm>
737 </listitem>
738 </varlistentry>
739
740 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
741 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
742 <listitem>
743 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
744 executed function</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
746 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="zdump">
752 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
756 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="zic">
762 <term><command>zic</command></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
766 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
776 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
782 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
785 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
786 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
787 for more information</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
789 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
795 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
798 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
800 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="libanl">
806 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
810 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="libc">
816 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>The main C library</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
820 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>The cryptography library</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
830 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="libdl">
836 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
840 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libg">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
849 library for <command>g++</command></para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
851 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="libm">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>The mathematical library</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
861 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
871 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
880 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
882 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>The network services library</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
892 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="libnss">
898 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
901 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
902 protocols, etc.</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
904 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
914 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
920 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
924 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
929 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
930 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
931 <listitem>
932 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
933 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
934 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
935 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
936 </indexterm>
937 </listitem>
938 </varlistentry>
939
940 <varlistentry id="librt">
941 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
942 <listitem>
943 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
944 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
945 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
946 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
947 </indexterm>
948 </listitem>
949 </varlistentry>
950
951 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
952 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
953 <listitem>
954 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
955 multi-threaded programs</para>
956 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
957 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
958 </indexterm>
959 </listitem>
960 </varlistentry>
961
962 <varlistentry id="libutil">
963 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
964 <listitem>
965 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
966 many different Unix utilities</para>
967 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
968 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
969 </indexterm>
970 </listitem>
971 </varlistentry>
972
973 </variablelist>
974
975 </sect2>
976
977</sect1>
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