source: chapter06/man.xml@ e464747

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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
]>
<sect1 id="ch-system-man" role="wrap">
<title>Man-&man-version;</title>
<?dbhtml filename="man.html"?>

<indexterm zone="ch-system-man"><primary sortas="a-Man">Man</primary></indexterm>

<sect2 role="package"><title/>
<para>The Man package contains programs for finding and viewing manual pages.</para>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1.9MB</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Man installation depends on</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Gawk, GCC,
Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>
</sect2>

<sect2 role="installation">
<title>Installation of Man</title>

<para>Three adjustments need to be made to the sources of Man.</para>

<para>The first is a patch which allows Man to work better with recent
releases of Groff. In particular, man pages will now display using the
full terminal width instead of being limited to 80 characters:</para>

<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../man-&man-version;-80cols-1.patch</userinput></screen>

<para>The second is a sed substitution to add the
<parameter>-R</parameter> switch to the <envar>PAGER</envar>
variable so that escape sequences are properly handled by Less:</para>

<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@-is@&amp;R@g' configure</userinput></screen>

<para>The third is also a sed substitution to comment out the
<quote>MANPATH /usr/man</quote> line in the
<filename>man.conf</filename> file to prevent redundant results when
using programs such as <command>whatis</command>:</para>

<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@MANPATH./usr/man@#&amp;@g' src/man.conf.in</userinput></screen>
 
<para>Prepare Man for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput>./configure -confdir=/etc</userinput></screen>

<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>

<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>-confdir=/etc</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>This tells the <command>man</command> program to look for the
<filename>man.conf</filename> configuration file in the <filename
class="directory">/etc</filename> directory.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>Compile the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>

<para>Install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

<note><para>To disable Select Graphic Rendition (SGR) escape
sequences, edit the <filename>man.conf</filename> file and
add the <parameter>-c</parameter> switch to
the <envar>NROFF</envar> variable.</para></note>

<para>If the character set uses 8-bit characters, search for the line
beginning with <quote>NROFF</quote> in
<filename>/etc/man.conf</filename>, and verify that it looks as
follows:</para>

<screen>NROFF  /usr/bin/nroff -Tlatin1 -mandoc</screen>

<para>Note that <quote>latin1</quote> should be used even if it is not
the character set of the locale. The reason is that, according to the
specification, <command>groff</command> has no means of typesetting
characters outside International Organization for Standards
(ISO) 8859-1 without some strange escape codes. When formatting manual
pages, <command>groff</command> thinks that they are in the ISO 8859-1
encoding and this <parameter>-Tlatin1</parameter> switch tells
<command>groff</command> to use the same encoding for output. Since
<command>groff</command> does no recoding of input characters, the
formatted result is really in the same encoding as input, and therefore
it is usable as the input for a pager.</para>

<para>This does not solve the problem of a non-working
<command>man2dvi</command> program for localized manual pages in
non-ISO 8859-1 locales. Also, it does not work with multibyte
character sets. The first problem does not currently have a solution.
The second issue is not of concern because the LFS installation does
not support multibyte character sets.</para>

<para>Additional information with regards to the compression of
man and info pages can be found in the BLFS book at
<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/cvs/postlfs/compressdoc.html"><phrase 
condition="pdf">http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/cvs/postlfs/
compressdoc.html</phrase></ulink>.</para>

<beginpage/>
</sect2>


<sect2 id="contents-man" role="content"><title>Contents of Man</title>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
<seglistitem><seg>apropos, makewhatis, man,
man2dvi, man2html, and whatis</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>

<varlistentry id="apropos">
<term><command>apropos</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Searches the whatis database and displays the short descriptions
of system commands that contain a given string</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man apropos"><primary sortas="b-apropos">apropos</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="makewhatis">
<term><command>makewhatis</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Builds the whatis database; it reads all the manual pages in the
manpath and writes the name and a short description in the whatis
database for each page</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man makewhatis"><primary sortas="b-makewhatis">makewhatis</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="man">
<term><command>man</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Formats and displays the requested on-line manual page</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man"><primary sortas="b-man">man</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="man2dvi">
<term><command>man2dvi</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Converts a manual page into dvi format</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man2dvi"><primary sortas="b-man2dvi">man2dvi</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="man2html">
<term><command>man2html</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Converts a manual page into HTML</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man2html"><primary sortas="b-man2html">man2html</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="whatis">
<term><command>whatis</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Searches the whatis database and displays the short descriptions
of system commands that contain the given keyword as a separate
word</para>
<indexterm zone="ch-system-man whatis"><primary sortas="b-whatis">whatis</primary></indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

</sect2>

</sect1>