source: chapter06/ncurses.xml@ 08d802f

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Last change on this file since 08d802f was 08d802f, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 9 years ago

Provide non-wide-character ncurses instructions that are complient with version
5 of ncurses.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10951 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-ncurses" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="ncurses.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>ncurses</productname>
13 <productnumber>&ncurses-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&ncurses-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Ncurses-&ncurses-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses">
20 <primary sortas="a-Ncurses">Ncurses</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Ncurses package contains libraries for terminal-independent
27 handling of character screens.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&ncurses-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&ncurses-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Ncurses</title>
43
44 <para>Don't install a static library that is not handled by configure:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/LIBTOOL_INSTALL/d' c++/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
49
50<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
51 --mandir=/usr/share/man \
52 --with-shared \
53 --without-debug \
54 --without-normal \
55 --enable-pc-files \
56 --enable-widec</userinput></screen>
57
58 <variablelist>
59 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
60
61 <varlistentry>
62 <term><parameter>--enable-widec</parameter></term>
63 <listitem>
64 <para>This switch causes wide-character libraries (e.g., <filename
65 class="libraryfile">libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>)
66 to be built instead of normal ones (e.g., <filename
67 class="libraryfile">libncurses.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>).
68 These wide-character libraries are usable in both multibyte and
69 traditional 8-bit locales, while normal libraries work properly
70 only in 8-bit locales. Wide-character and normal libraries are
71 source-compatible, but not binary-compatible.</para>
72 </listitem>
73 </varlistentry>
74
75 <varlistentry>
76 <term><parameter>--enable-pc-files</parameter></term>
77 <listitem>
78 <para>This switch generates and installs .pc files for pkg-config.
79 </para>
80 </listitem>
81 </varlistentry>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--without-normal</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This switch disables building and installing most static libraries.
87 </para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 </variablelist>
92
93 <para>Compile the package:</para>
94
95<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
96
97 <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
98 package has been installed. The tests reside in the
99 <filename class="directory">test/</filename> directory. See the
100 <filename>README</filename> file in that directory for further details.
101 </para>
102
103 <para>Install the package:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>Move the shared libraries to the
108 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory, where they are
109 expected to reside:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.6* /lib</userinput></screen>
112
113 <para>Because the libraries have been moved, one symlink points to
114 a non-existent file. Recreate it:</para>
115
116<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/libncursesw.so) /usr/lib/libncursesw.so</userinput></screen>
117
118 <para>Many applications still expect the linker to be able to find
119 non-wide-character Ncurses libraries. Trick such applications into linking with
120 wide-character libraries by means of symlinks and linker scripts:</para>
121
122<screen><userinput remap="install">for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
123 rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
124 echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" &gt; /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
125 ln -sfv ${lib}w.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/${lib}.pc
126done</userinput></screen>
127
128 <para>Finally, make sure that old applications that look for
129 <filename class="libraryfile">-lcurses</filename> at build time are still
130 buildable:</para>
131
132<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
133echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" &gt; /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
134ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so</userinput></screen>
135
136 <para>If desired, install the Ncurses documentation:</para>
137
138<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
139cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput></screen>
140
141 <note>
142
143 <para>The instructions above don't create non-wide-character Ncurses
144 libraries since no package installed by compiling from sources would link
145 against them at runtime. Currently, the only known binary-only
146 applications that link against non-wide-character Ncurses require version
147 5. If you must have such libraries because of some binary-only
148 application or to be compliant with LSB, build the package again with the
149 following commands:</para>
150
151<screen role="nodump"><userinput>make distclean
152./configure --prefix=/usr \
153 --with-shared \
154 --without-normal \
155 --without-debug \
156 --without-cxx-binding \
157 --with-abi-version=5
158make sources libs
159cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
160 </note>
161
162 </sect2>
163
164 <sect2 id="contents-ncurses" role="content">
165 <title>Contents of Ncurses</title>
166
167 <segmentedlist>
168 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
169 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
170 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
171
172 <seglistitem>
173 <seg>
174 captoinfo (link to tic),
175 clear,
176 infocmp,
177 infotocap (link to tic),
178 ncursesw5-config,
179 reset (link to tset),
180 tabs,
181 tic,
182 toe,
183 tput, and
184 tset
185 </seg>
186 <seg>
187 libcursesw.so (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.so),
188 libformw.so,
189 libmenuw.so,
190 libncursesw.so,
191 libpanelw.so, and their non-wide-character counterparts without "w"
192 in the library names.</seg>
193 <seg>
194 /usr/share/tabset,
195 /usr/share/terminfo, and
196 /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
197 </seg>
198 </seglistitem>
199 </segmentedlist>
200
201 <variablelist>
202 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
203 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
204 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
205
206 <varlistentry id="captoinfo">
207 <term><command>captoinfo</command></term>
208 <listitem>
209 <para>Converts a termcap description into a terminfo description</para>
210 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses captoinfo">
211 <primary sortas="b-captoinfo">captoinfo</primary>
212 </indexterm>
213 </listitem>
214 </varlistentry>
215
216 <varlistentry id="clear">
217 <term><command>clear</command></term>
218 <listitem>
219 <para>Clears the screen, if possible</para>
220 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses clear">
221 <primary sortas="b-clear">clear</primary>
222 </indexterm>
223 </listitem>
224 </varlistentry>
225
226 <varlistentry id="infocmp">
227 <term><command>infocmp</command></term>
228 <listitem>
229 <para>Compares or prints out terminfo descriptions</para>
230 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infocmp">
231 <primary sortas="b-infocmp">infocmp</primary>
232 </indexterm>
233 </listitem>
234 </varlistentry>
235
236 <varlistentry id="infotocap">
237 <term><command>infotocap</command></term>
238 <listitem>
239 <para>Converts a terminfo description into a termcap description</para>
240 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infotocap">
241 <primary sortas="b-infotocap">infotocap</primary>
242 </indexterm>
243 </listitem>
244 </varlistentry>
245
246 <varlistentry id="ncursesw5-config">
247 <term><command>ncursesw5-config</command></term>
248 <listitem>
249 <para>Provides configuration information for ncurses</para>
250 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses ncursesw5-config">
251 <primary sortas="b-ncursesw5-config">ncursesw5-config</primary>
252 </indexterm>
253 </listitem>
254 </varlistentry>
255
256 <varlistentry id="reset">
257 <term><command>reset</command></term>
258 <listitem>
259 <para>Reinitializes a terminal to its default values</para>
260 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses reset">
261 <primary sortas="b-reset">reset</primary>
262 </indexterm>
263 </listitem>
264 </varlistentry>
265
266 <varlistentry id="tabs">
267 <term><command>tabs</command></term>
268 <listitem>
269 <para>Clears and sets tab stops on a terminal</para>
270 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tabs">
271 <primary sortas="b-tabs">tabs</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273 </listitem>
274 </varlistentry>
275
276 <varlistentry id="tic">
277 <term><command>tic</command></term>
278 <listitem>
279 <para>The terminfo entry-description compiler that translates a
280 terminfo file from source format into the binary format needed for the
281 ncurses library routines [A terminfo file contains information on the
282 capabilities of a certain terminal.]</para>
283 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tic">
284 <primary sortas="b-tic">tic</primary>
285 </indexterm>
286 </listitem>
287 </varlistentry>
288
289 <varlistentry id="toe">
290 <term><command>toe</command></term>
291 <listitem>
292 <para>Lists all available terminal types, giving the primary name and
293 description for each</para>
294 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses toe">
295 <primary sortas="b-toe">toe</primary>
296 </indexterm>
297 </listitem>
298 </varlistentry>
299
300 <varlistentry id="tput">
301 <term><command>tput</command></term>
302 <listitem>
303 <para>Makes the values of terminal-dependent capabilities available to
304 the shell; it can also be used to reset or initialize a terminal or
305 report its long name</para>
306 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tput">
307 <primary sortas="b-tput">tput</primary>
308 </indexterm>
309 </listitem>
310 </varlistentry>
311
312 <varlistentry id="tset">
313 <term><command>tset</command></term>
314 <listitem>
315 <para>Can be used to initialize terminals</para>
316 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tset">
317 <primary sortas="b-tset">tset</primary>
318 </indexterm>
319 </listitem>
320 </varlistentry>
321
322 <varlistentry id="libcursesw">
323 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcursesw</filename></term>
324 <listitem>
325 <para>A link to <filename>libncursesw</filename></para>
326 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libcursesw">
327 <primary sortas="c-libcursesw">libcursesw</primary>
328 </indexterm>
329 </listitem>
330 </varlistentry>
331
332 <varlistentry id="libncursesw">
333 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename></term>
334 <listitem>
335 <para>Contains functions to display text in many complex ways on a
336 terminal screen; a good example of the use of these functions is the
337 menu displayed during the kernel's <command>make
338 menuconfig</command></para>
339 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libncursesw">
340 <primary sortas="c-libncursesw">libncursesw</primary>
341 </indexterm>
342 </listitem>
343 </varlistentry>
344
345 <varlistentry id="libformw">
346 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libformw</filename></term>
347 <listitem>
348 <para>Contains functions to implement forms</para>
349 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libformw">
350 <primary sortas="c-libformw">libformw</primary>
351 </indexterm>
352 </listitem>
353 </varlistentry>
354
355 <varlistentry id="libmenuw">
356 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmenuw</filename></term>
357 <listitem>
358 <para>Contains functions to implement menus</para>
359 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libmenuw">
360 <primary sortas="c-libmenuw">libmenuw</primary>
361 </indexterm>
362 </listitem>
363 </varlistentry>
364
365 <varlistentry id="libpanelw">
366 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpanelw</filename></term>
367 <listitem>
368 <para>Contains functions to implement panels</para>
369 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libpanelw">
370 <primary sortas="c-libpanelw">libpanelw</primary>
371 </indexterm>
372 </listitem>
373 </varlistentry>
374
375 </variablelist>
376
377 </sect2>
378
379</sect1>
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