source: chapter06/ncurses.xml@ bb189b0

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Last change on this file since bb189b0 was bb189b0, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 9 years ago

Added a fix for security issue in Glibc (CVE-2015-1781).
Thanks to Ken Moffat for identifying the proplem and the fix.

Fixed Ncurses and Perl build with GCC 5. Thanks to Ken Moffat and
Douglas R. Reno for providing the patches.

Updated to GCC-5.1.0. Imported changes from systemd version.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10903 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 13.1 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-ncurses" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="ncurses.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>ncurses</productname>
13 <productnumber>&ncurses-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&ncurses-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Ncurses-&ncurses-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses">
20 <primary sortas="a-Ncurses">Ncurses</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Ncurses package contains libraries for terminal-independent
27 handling of character screens.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&ncurses-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&ncurses-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Ncurses</title>
43
44 <para>First, apply a patch to prevent a build failure
45 when building with GCC 5:</para>
46
47<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&ncurses-gcc5-buildfixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
48
49 <para>Don't install a static library that is not handled by configure:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/LIBTOOL_INSTALL/d' c++/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
56 --mandir=/usr/share/man \
57 --with-shared \
58 --without-debug \
59 --without-normal \
60 --enable-pc-files \
61 --enable-widec</userinput></screen>
62
63 <variablelist>
64 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
65
66 <varlistentry>
67 <term><parameter>--enable-widec</parameter></term>
68 <listitem>
69 <para>This switch causes wide-character libraries (e.g., <filename
70 class="libraryfile">libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>)
71 to be built instead of normal ones (e.g., <filename
72 class="libraryfile">libncurses.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>).
73 These wide-character libraries are usable in both multibyte and
74 traditional 8-bit locales, while normal libraries work properly
75 only in 8-bit locales. Wide-character and normal libraries are
76 source-compatible, but not binary-compatible.</para>
77 </listitem>
78 </varlistentry>
79
80 <varlistentry>
81 <term><parameter>--enable-pc-files</parameter></term>
82 <listitem>
83 <para>This switch generates and installs .pc files for pkg-config.
84 </para>
85 </listitem>
86 </varlistentry>
87
88 <varlistentry>
89 <term><parameter>--without-normal</parameter></term>
90 <listitem>
91 <para>This switch disables building and installing most static libraries.
92 </para>
93 </listitem>
94 </varlistentry>
95
96 </variablelist>
97
98 <para>Compile the package:</para>
99
100<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
101
102 <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
103 package has been installed. The tests reside in the
104 <filename class="directory">test/</filename> directory. See the
105 <filename>README</filename> file in that directory for further details.
106 </para>
107
108 <para>Install the package:</para>
109
110<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
111
112 <para>Move the shared libraries to the
113 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory, where they are
114 expected to reside:</para>
115
116<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5* /lib</userinput></screen>
117
118 <para>Because the libraries have been moved, one symlink points to
119 a non-existent file. Recreate it:</para>
120
121<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/libncursesw.so) /usr/lib/libncursesw.so</userinput></screen>
122
123 <para>Many applications still expect the linker to be able to find
124 non-wide-character Ncurses libraries. Trick such applications into linking with
125 wide-character libraries by means of symlinks and linker scripts:</para>
126
127<screen><userinput remap="install">for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
128 rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
129 echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" &gt; /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
130 ln -sfv ${lib}w.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/${lib}.pc
131done</userinput></screen>
132
133 <para>Finally, make sure that old applications that look for
134 <filename class="libraryfile">-lcurses</filename> at build time are still
135 buildable:</para>
136
137<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
138echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" &gt; /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
139ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so</userinput></screen>
140
141 <para>If desired, install the Ncurses documentation:</para>
142
143<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -v /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
144cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput></screen>
145
146 <note>
147 <para>The instructions above don't create non-wide-character Ncurses
148 libraries since no package installed by compiling from sources would
149 link against them at runtime. If you must have such libraries because
150 of some binary-only application or to be compliant with LSB, build
151 the package again with the following commands:</para>
152
153<screen role="nodump"><userinput>make distclean
154./configure --prefix=/usr \
155 --with-shared \
156 --without-normal \
157 --without-debug \
158 --without-cxx-binding
159make sources libs
160cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
161 </note>
162
163 </sect2>
164
165 <sect2 id="contents-ncurses" role="content">
166 <title>Contents of Ncurses</title>
167
168 <segmentedlist>
169 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
170 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
171 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
172
173 <seglistitem>
174 <seg>
175 captoinfo (link to tic),
176 clear,
177 infocmp,
178 infotocap (link to tic),
179 ncursesw5-config,
180 reset (link to tset),
181 tabs,
182 tic,
183 toe,
184 tput, and
185 tset
186 </seg>
187 <seg>
188 libcursesw.so (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.so),
189 libformw.so,
190 libmenuw.so,
191 libncursesw.so,
192 libpanelw.so, and their non-wide-character counterparts without "w"
193 in the library names.</seg>
194 <seg>
195 /usr/share/tabset,
196 /usr/share/terminfo, and
197 /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
198 </seg>
199 </seglistitem>
200 </segmentedlist>
201
202 <variablelist>
203 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
204 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
205 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
206
207 <varlistentry id="captoinfo">
208 <term><command>captoinfo</command></term>
209 <listitem>
210 <para>Converts a termcap description into a terminfo description</para>
211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses captoinfo">
212 <primary sortas="b-captoinfo">captoinfo</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214 </listitem>
215 </varlistentry>
216
217 <varlistentry id="clear">
218 <term><command>clear</command></term>
219 <listitem>
220 <para>Clears the screen, if possible</para>
221 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses clear">
222 <primary sortas="b-clear">clear</primary>
223 </indexterm>
224 </listitem>
225 </varlistentry>
226
227 <varlistentry id="infocmp">
228 <term><command>infocmp</command></term>
229 <listitem>
230 <para>Compares or prints out terminfo descriptions</para>
231 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infocmp">
232 <primary sortas="b-infocmp">infocmp</primary>
233 </indexterm>
234 </listitem>
235 </varlistentry>
236
237 <varlistentry id="infotocap">
238 <term><command>infotocap</command></term>
239 <listitem>
240 <para>Converts a terminfo description into a termcap description</para>
241 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infotocap">
242 <primary sortas="b-infotocap">infotocap</primary>
243 </indexterm>
244 </listitem>
245 </varlistentry>
246
247 <varlistentry id="ncursesw5-config">
248 <term><command>ncursesw5-config</command></term>
249 <listitem>
250 <para>Provides configuration information for ncurses</para>
251 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses ncursesw5-config">
252 <primary sortas="b-ncursesw5-config">ncursesw5-config</primary>
253 </indexterm>
254 </listitem>
255 </varlistentry>
256
257 <varlistentry id="reset">
258 <term><command>reset</command></term>
259 <listitem>
260 <para>Reinitializes a terminal to its default values</para>
261 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses reset">
262 <primary sortas="b-reset">reset</primary>
263 </indexterm>
264 </listitem>
265 </varlistentry>
266
267 <varlistentry id="tabs">
268 <term><command>tabs</command></term>
269 <listitem>
270 <para>Clears and sets tab stops on a terminal</para>
271 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tabs">
272 <primary sortas="b-tabs">tabs</primary>
273 </indexterm>
274 </listitem>
275 </varlistentry>
276
277 <varlistentry id="tic">
278 <term><command>tic</command></term>
279 <listitem>
280 <para>The terminfo entry-description compiler that translates a
281 terminfo file from source format into the binary format needed for the
282 ncurses library routines [A terminfo file contains information on the
283 capabilities of a certain terminal.]</para>
284 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tic">
285 <primary sortas="b-tic">tic</primary>
286 </indexterm>
287 </listitem>
288 </varlistentry>
289
290 <varlistentry id="toe">
291 <term><command>toe</command></term>
292 <listitem>
293 <para>Lists all available terminal types, giving the primary name and
294 description for each</para>
295 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses toe">
296 <primary sortas="b-toe">toe</primary>
297 </indexterm>
298 </listitem>
299 </varlistentry>
300
301 <varlistentry id="tput">
302 <term><command>tput</command></term>
303 <listitem>
304 <para>Makes the values of terminal-dependent capabilities available to
305 the shell; it can also be used to reset or initialize a terminal or
306 report its long name</para>
307 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tput">
308 <primary sortas="b-tput">tput</primary>
309 </indexterm>
310 </listitem>
311 </varlistentry>
312
313 <varlistentry id="tset">
314 <term><command>tset</command></term>
315 <listitem>
316 <para>Can be used to initialize terminals</para>
317 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tset">
318 <primary sortas="b-tset">tset</primary>
319 </indexterm>
320 </listitem>
321 </varlistentry>
322
323 <varlistentry id="libcursesw">
324 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcursesw</filename></term>
325 <listitem>
326 <para>A link to <filename>libncursesw</filename></para>
327 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libcursesw">
328 <primary sortas="c-libcursesw">libcursesw</primary>
329 </indexterm>
330 </listitem>
331 </varlistentry>
332
333 <varlistentry id="libncursesw">
334 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename></term>
335 <listitem>
336 <para>Contains functions to display text in many complex ways on a
337 terminal screen; a good example of the use of these functions is the
338 menu displayed during the kernel's <command>make
339 menuconfig</command></para>
340 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libncursesw">
341 <primary sortas="c-libncursesw">libncursesw</primary>
342 </indexterm>
343 </listitem>
344 </varlistentry>
345
346 <varlistentry id="libformw">
347 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libformw</filename></term>
348 <listitem>
349 <para>Contains functions to implement forms</para>
350 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libformw">
351 <primary sortas="c-libformw">libformw</primary>
352 </indexterm>
353 </listitem>
354 </varlistentry>
355
356 <varlistentry id="libmenuw">
357 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmenuw</filename></term>
358 <listitem>
359 <para>Contains functions to implement menus</para>
360 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libmenuw">
361 <primary sortas="c-libmenuw">libmenuw</primary>
362 </indexterm>
363 </listitem>
364 </varlistentry>
365
366 <varlistentry id="libpanelw">
367 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpanelw</filename></term>
368 <listitem>
369 <para>Contains functions to implement panels</para>
370 <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libpanelw">
371 <primary sortas="c-libpanelw">libpanelw</primary>
372 </indexterm>
373 </listitem>
374 </varlistentry>
375
376 </variablelist>
377
378 </sect2>
379
380</sect1>
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