source: chapter06/perl.xml@ 894367e

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Last change on this file since 894367e was 894367e, checked in by Matthew Burgess <matthew@…>, 14 years ago

Reword explanation of Perl's Configure command. Fixes #2623.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@9249 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>perl</productname>
13 <productnumber>&perl-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&perl-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl">
20 <primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report
27 Language.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&perl-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&perl-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Perl</title>
43
44 <para>First create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be
45 referenced in one of Perl's configuration files as well as the optional
46 testsuite:</para>
47
48<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" &gt; /etc/hosts</userinput></screen>
49
50 <para>Fix a problem where invalid utf-8 characters cause a segmentation
51 fault:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&perl-utf8-patch;</userinput></screen>
54
55 <para>This version of Perl now builds the Compress::Raw::Zlib module. By
56 default Perl will use an internal copy of the Zlib source for the build.
57 Issue the following command so that Perl will use the Zlib library
58 installed on the system:</para>
59
60<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e "s|BUILD_ZLIB\s*= True|BUILD_ZLIB = False|" \
61 -e "s|INCLUDE\s*= ./zlib-src|INCLUDE = /usr/include|" \
62 -e "s|LIB\s*= ./zlib-src|LIB = /usr/lib|" \
63 ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/config.in</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>To have full control over the way Perl is set up, you can remove the
66 <quote>-des</quote> options from the following command and hand-pick the way
67 this package is built. Alteratively, use the command exactly as below to
68 use the defaults that Perl auto-detects:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="configure">sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr \
71 -Dvendorprefix=/usr \
72 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
73 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
74 -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</userinput></screen>
75
76 <variablelist>
77 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
78
79 <varlistentry>
80 <term><parameter>-Dvendorprefix=/usr</parameter></term>
81 <listitem>
82 <para>This ensures <command>perl</command> knows how to
83 tell packages where they should install their perl modules.</para>
84 </listitem>
85 </varlistentry>
86
87 <varlistentry>
88 <term><parameter>-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term>
89 <listitem>
90 <para>This corrects an error in the way that <command>perldoc</command>
91 invokes the <command>less</command> program.</para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94
95 <varlistentry>
96 <term><parameter>-Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1
97 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3</parameter></term>
98 <listitem>
99 <para>Since Groff is not installed yet, <command>Configure</command>
100 thinks that we do not want man pages for Perl. Issuing these
101 parameters overrides this decision.</para>
102 </listitem>
103 </varlistentry>
104
105 </variablelist>
106
107 <para>Compile the package:</para>
108
109<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
110
111 <para>To test the results (approximately 2.5 SBU), issue:</para>
112
113<screen><userinput remap="test">make test</userinput></screen>
114
115 <para>Install the package:</para>
116
117<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
118
119 </sect2>
120
121 <sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content">
122 <title>Contents of Perl</title>
123
124 <segmentedlist>
125 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
126 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
127
128 <seglistitem>
129 <seg>a2p, c2ph, config_data, corelist, cpan, cpan2dist, cpanp,
130 cpanp-run-perl, dprofpp, enc2xs, find2perl, h2ph, h2xs,
131 instmodsh, libnetcfg, perl, perl&perl-version; (link to perl),
132 perlbug, perldoc, perlivp, piconv, pl2pm, pod2html, pod2latex,
133 pod2man, pod2text, pod2usage, podchecker, podselect, prove,
134 psed (link to s2p), pstruct (link to c2ph), ptar, ptardiff, s2p,
135 shasum, splain, and xsubpp</seg>
136 <seg>Several hundred which cannot all be listed here</seg>
137 </seglistitem>
138 </segmentedlist>
139
140 <variablelist>
141 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
142 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
143 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
144
145 <varlistentry id="a2p">
146 <term><command>a2p</command></term>
147 <listitem>
148 <para>Translates awk to Perl</para>
149 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl a2p">
150 <primary sortas="b-a2p">a2p</primary>
151 </indexterm>
152 </listitem>
153 </varlistentry>
154
155 <varlistentry id="c2ph">
156 <term><command>c2ph</command></term>
157 <listitem>
158 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from
159 <command>cc -g -S</command></para>
160 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph">
161 <primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary>
162 </indexterm>
163 </listitem>
164 </varlistentry>
165
166 <varlistentry id="config_data">
167 <term><command>config_data</command></term>
168 <listitem>
169 <para>Queries or changes configuration of Perl modules</para>
170 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl config_data">
171 <primary sortas="b-config_data">config_data</primary>
172 </indexterm>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 <varlistentry id="corelist">
177 <term><command>corelist</command></term>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>A commandline frontend to Module::CoreList</para>
180 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl corelist">
181 <primary sortas="b-corelist">corelist</primary>
182 </indexterm>
183 </listitem>
184 </varlistentry>
185
186 <varlistentry id="cpan">
187 <term><command>cpan</command></term>
188 <listitem>
189 <para>Interact with the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN)
190 from the command line</para>
191 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan">
192 <primary sortas="b-cpan">cpan</primary>
193 </indexterm>
194 </listitem>
195 </varlistentry>
196
197 <varlistentry id="cpan2dist">
198 <term><command>cpan2dist</command></term>
199 <listitem>
200 <para>The CPANPLUS distribution creator</para>
201 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan2dist">
202 <primary sortas="b-cpan2dist">cpan2dist</primary>
203 </indexterm>
204 </listitem>
205 </varlistentry>
206
207 <varlistentry id="cpanp">
208 <term><command>cpanp</command></term>
209 <listitem>
210 <para>The CPANPLUS launcher</para>
211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpanp">
212 <primary sortas="b-cpanp">cpanp</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214 </listitem>
215 </varlistentry>
216
217 <varlistentry id="cpanp-run-perl">
218 <term><command>cpanp-run-perl</command></term>
219 <listitem>
220 <para>Perl script that is used to enable flushing of the output
221 buffer after each write in spawned processes</para>
222 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpanp-run-perl">
223 <primary sortas="b-cpanp-run-perl">cpanp-run-perl</primary>
224 </indexterm>
225 </listitem>
226 </varlistentry>
227
228 <varlistentry id="dprofpp">
229 <term><command>dprofpp</command></term>
230 <listitem>
231 <para>Displays Perl profile data</para>
232 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl dprofpp">
233 <primary sortas="b-dprofpp">dprofpp</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235 </listitem>
236 </varlistentry>
237
238 <varlistentry id="enc2xs">
239 <term><command>enc2xs</command></term>
240 <listitem>
241 <para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either
242 Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
243 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl enc2xs">
244 <primary sortas="b-enc2xs">enc2xs</primary>
245 </indexterm>
246 </listitem>
247 </varlistentry>
248
249 <varlistentry id="find2perl">
250 <term><command>find2perl</command></term>
251 <listitem>
252 <para>Translates <command>find</command> commands to Perl</para>
253 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl find2perl">
254 <primary sortas="b-find2perl">find2perl</primary>
255 </indexterm>
256 </listitem>
257 </varlistentry>
258
259 <varlistentry id="h2ph">
260 <term><command>h2ph</command></term>
261 <listitem>
262 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
263 files to <filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header
264 files</para>
265 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph">
266 <primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary>
267 </indexterm>
268 </listitem>
269 </varlistentry>
270
271 <varlistentry id="h2xs">
272 <term><command>h2xs</command></term>
273 <listitem>
274 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
275 files to Perl extensions</para>
276 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs">
277 <primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary>
278 </indexterm>
279 </listitem>
280 </varlistentry>
281
282 <varlistentry id="instmodsh">
283 <term><command>instmodsh</command></term>
284 <listitem>
285 <para>Shell script for examining installed Perl modules,
286 and can even create a tarball from an installed module</para>
287 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl instmodsh">
288 <primary sortas="b-instmodsh">instmodsh</primary>
289 </indexterm>
290 </listitem>
291 </varlistentry>
292
293 <varlistentry id="libnetcfg">
294 <term><command>libnetcfg</command></term>
295 <listitem>
296 <para>Can be used to configure the
297 <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename></para>
298 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg">
299 <primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary>
300 </indexterm>
301 </listitem>
302 </varlistentry>
303
304 <varlistentry id="perl">
305 <term><command>perl</command></term>
306 <listitem>
307 <para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>,
308 <command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single
309 swiss-army language</para>
310 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl">
311 <primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary>
312 </indexterm>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315
316 <varlistentry id="perl-version">
317 <term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para>
320 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version">
321 <primary sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary>
322 </indexterm>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325
326 <varlistentry id="perlbug">
327 <term><command>perlbug</command></term>
328 <listitem>
329 <para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come
330 with it, and mail them</para>
331 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug">
332 <primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary>
333 </indexterm>
334 </listitem>
335 </varlistentry>
336
337 <varlistentry id="perldoc">
338 <term><command>perldoc</command></term>
339 <listitem>
340 <para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded
341 in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
342 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc">
343 <primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary>
344 </indexterm>
345 </listitem>
346 </varlistentry>
347
348 <varlistentry id="perlivp">
349 <term><command>perlivp</command></term>
350 <listitem>
351 <para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to
352 verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed
353 correctly</para>
354 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp">
355 <primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357 </listitem>
358 </varlistentry>
359
360 <varlistentry id="piconv">
361 <term><command>piconv</command></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter
364 <command>iconv</command></para>
365 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv">
366 <primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="pl2pm">
372 <term><command>pl2pm</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>A rough tool for converting Perl4
375 <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> files to Perl5
376 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
377 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm">
378 <primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary>
379 </indexterm>
380 </listitem>
381 </varlistentry>
382
383 <varlistentry id="pod2html">
384 <term><command>pod2html</command></term>
385 <listitem>
386 <para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para>
387 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html">
388 <primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary>
389 </indexterm>
390 </listitem>
391 </varlistentry>
392
393 <varlistentry id="pod2latex">
394 <term><command>pod2latex</command></term>
395 <listitem>
396 <para>Converts files from pod format to LaTeX format</para>
397 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2latex">
398 <primary sortas="b-pod2latex">pod2latex</primary>
399 </indexterm>
400 </listitem>
401 </varlistentry>
402
403 <varlistentry id="pod2man">
404 <term><command>pod2man</command></term>
405 <listitem>
406 <para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para>
407 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man">
408 <primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary>
409 </indexterm>
410 </listitem>
411 </varlistentry>
412
413 <varlistentry id="pod2text">
414 <term><command>pod2text</command></term>
415 <listitem>
416 <para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para>
417 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text">
418 <primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary>
419 </indexterm>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422
423 <varlistentry id="pod2usage">
424 <term><command>pod2usage</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage">
428 <primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="podchecker">
434 <term><command>podchecker</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker">
438 <primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="podselect">
444 <term><command>podselect</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect">
448 <primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="prove">
454 <term><command>prove</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Command line tool for running tests against the Test::Harness
457 module.</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl prove">
459 <primary sortas="b-prove">prove</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="psed">
465 <term><command>psed</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>A Perl version of the stream editor <command>sed</command></para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl psed">
469 <primary sortas="b-psed">psed</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="pstruct">
475 <term><command>pstruct</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command>
478 stabs</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct">
480 <primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="ptar">
486 <term><command>ptar</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>A <command>tar</command>-like program written in Perl</para>
489 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptar">
490 <primary sortas="b-ptar">ptar</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="ptardiff">
496 <term><command>ptardiff</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>A Perl program that compares an extracted archive with an
499 unextracted one</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptardiff">
501 <primary sortas="b-ptardiff">ptardiff</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="s2p">
507 <term><command>s2p</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Translates <command>sed</command> scripts to Perl</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl s2p">
511 <primary sortas="b-s2p">s2p</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="shasum">
517 <term><command>shasum</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Prints or checks SHA checksums</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl shasum">
521 <primary sortas="b-shasum">shasum</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="splain">
527 <term><command>splain</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain">
531 <primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="xsubpp">
537 <term><command>xsubpp</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp">
541 <primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 </variablelist>
547
548 </sect2>
549
550</sect1>
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