source: chapter06/perl.xml@ d8a8713

multilib-10.1
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>perl</productname>
13 <productnumber>&perl-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&perl-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl">
20 <primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report
27 Language.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&perl-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&perl-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Perl</title>
43
44 <para>First create a basic <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file to be
45 referenced in one of Perl's configuration files as well as the optional
46 test suite:</para>
47
48<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" &gt; /etc/hosts</userinput></screen>
49
50 <para>This version of Perl now builds the Compress::Raw::Zlib and
51 Compress::Raw::BZip2 modules. By
52 default Perl will use an internal copy of the sources for the build.
53 Issue the following command so that Perl will use the libraries
54 installed on the system:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">export BUILD_ZLIB=False
57export BUILD_BZIP2=0</userinput></screen>
58<!--
59 <para>Apply a patch to allow the Errno.pm module and the h2ph
60 program to build correctly when building with GCC 5:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&perl-gcc5-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64
65 <para>To have full control over the way Perl is set up, you can remove the
66 <quote>-des</quote> options from the following command and hand-pick the way
67 this package is built. Alternatively, use the command exactly as below to
68 use the defaults that Perl auto-detects:</para>
69
70<screen><userinput remap="configure">sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr \
71 -Dvendorprefix=/usr \
72 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
73 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
74 -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR" \
75 -Duseshrplib \
76 -Dusethreads</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>-Dvendorprefix=/usr</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This ensures <command>perl</command> knows how to
85 tell packages where they should install their perl modules.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This ensures that <userinput>less</userinput> is used instead
93 of <userinput>more</userinput>.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1
99 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>Since Groff is not installed yet, <command>Configure</command>
102 thinks that we do not want man pages for Perl. Issuing these
103 parameters overrides this decision.</para>
104 </listitem>
105 </varlistentry>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>-Duseshrplib</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>Build a shared libperl needed by some perl modules.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dusethreads</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>Build perl with support for threads.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 </variablelist>
122
123 <para>Compile the package:</para>
124
125<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
126
127 <para>To test the results (approximately 11 SBU), issue:</para>
128
129<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k test</userinput></screen>
130
131 <note><para>One test fails due to using the most recent version of gdbm.
132 </para></note>
133
134 <para>Install the package and clean up:</para>
135
136<screen><userinput remap="install">make install
137unset BUILD_ZLIB BUILD_BZIP2</userinput></screen>
138
139 </sect2>
140
141 <sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content">
142 <title>Contents of Perl</title>
143
144 <segmentedlist>
145 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
146 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
147 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
148
149 <seglistitem>
150 <seg>corelist, cpan, enc2xs, encguess, h2ph, h2xs, instmodsh,
151 json_pp, libnetcfg, perl, perl&perl-version; (hard link to perl),
152 perlbug, perldoc, perlivp, perlthanks (hard link to perlbug), piconv,
153 pl2pm, pod2html, pod2man, pod2text, pod2usage, podchecker, podselect,
154 prove, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum,
155 splain, xsubpp, and zipdetails</seg>
156 <seg>Many which cannot all be listed here</seg>
157 <seg>/usr/lib/perl5</seg>
158 </seglistitem>
159 </segmentedlist>
160
161 <variablelist>
162 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
163 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
164 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
165<!--
166 <varlistentry id="c2ph">
167 <term><command>c2ph</command></term>
168 <listitem>
169 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from
170 <command>cc -g -S</command></para>
171 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph">
172 <primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary>
173 </indexterm>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176-->
177 <varlistentry id="corelist">
178 <term><command>corelist</command></term>
179 <listitem>
180 <para>A commandline frontend to Module::CoreList</para>
181 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl corelist">
182 <primary sortas="b-corelist">corelist</primary>
183 </indexterm>
184 </listitem>
185 </varlistentry>
186
187 <varlistentry id="cpan">
188 <term><command>cpan</command></term>
189 <listitem>
190 <para>Interact with the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN)
191 from the command line</para>
192 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan">
193 <primary sortas="b-cpan">cpan</primary>
194 </indexterm>
195 </listitem>
196 </varlistentry>
197
198 <varlistentry id="enc2xs">
199 <term><command>enc2xs</command></term>
200 <listitem>
201 <para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either
202 Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
203 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl enc2xs">
204 <primary sortas="b-enc2xs">enc2xs</primary>
205 </indexterm>
206 </listitem>
207 </varlistentry>
208
209 <varlistentry id="encguess">
210 <term><command>encguess</command></term>
211 <listitem>
212 <para>Guess the encoding type of one or several files</para>
213 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl encguess">
214 <primary sortas="b-encguess">encguess</primary>
215 </indexterm>
216 </listitem>
217 </varlistentry>
218
219 <varlistentry id="h2ph">
220 <term><command>h2ph</command></term>
221 <listitem>
222 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
223 files to <filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header
224 files</para>
225 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph">
226 <primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary>
227 </indexterm>
228 </listitem>
229 </varlistentry>
230
231 <varlistentry id="h2xs">
232 <term><command>h2xs</command></term>
233 <listitem>
234 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
235 files to Perl extensions</para>
236 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs">
237 <primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary>
238 </indexterm>
239 </listitem>
240 </varlistentry>
241
242 <varlistentry id="instmodsh">
243 <term><command>instmodsh</command></term>
244 <listitem>
245 <para>Shell script for examining installed Perl modules,
246 and can create a tarball from an installed module</para>
247 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl instmodsh">
248 <primary sortas="b-instmodsh">instmodsh</primary>
249 </indexterm>
250 </listitem>
251 </varlistentry>
252
253 <varlistentry id="json_pp">
254 <term><command>json_pp</command></term>
255 <listitem>
256 <para>Converts data between certain input and output formats</para>
257 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl json_pp">
258 <primary sortas="b-json_pp">json_pp</primary>
259 </indexterm>
260 </listitem>
261 </varlistentry>
262
263 <varlistentry id="libnetcfg">
264 <term><command>libnetcfg</command></term>
265 <listitem>
266 <para>Can be used to configure the
267 <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename> Perl module</para>
268 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg">
269 <primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary>
270 </indexterm>
271 </listitem>
272 </varlistentry>
273
274 <varlistentry id="perl">
275 <term><command>perl</command></term>
276 <listitem>
277 <para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>,
278 <command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single
279 swiss-army language</para>
280 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl">
281 <primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary>
282 </indexterm>
283 </listitem>
284 </varlistentry>
285
286 <varlistentry id="perl-version">
287 <term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term>
288 <listitem>
289 <para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para>
290 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version">
291 <primary sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary>
292 </indexterm>
293 </listitem>
294 </varlistentry>
295
296 <varlistentry id="perlbug">
297 <term><command>perlbug</command></term>
298 <listitem>
299 <para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come
300 with it, and mail them</para>
301 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug">
302 <primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary>
303 </indexterm>
304 </listitem>
305 </varlistentry>
306
307 <varlistentry id="perldoc">
308 <term><command>perldoc</command></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded
311 in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
312 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc">
313 <primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary>
314 </indexterm>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317
318 <varlistentry id="perlivp">
319 <term><command>perlivp</command></term>
320 <listitem>
321 <para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to
322 verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed
323 correctly</para>
324 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp">
325 <primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary>
326 </indexterm>
327 </listitem>
328 </varlistentry>
329
330 <varlistentry id="perlthanks">
331 <term><command>perlthanks</command></term>
332 <listitem>
333 <para>Used to generate thank you messages to mail to the Perl
334 developers</para>
335 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlthanks">
336 <primary sortas="b-perlthanks">perlthanks</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338 </listitem>
339 </varlistentry>
340
341 <varlistentry id="piconv">
342 <term><command>piconv</command></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter
345 <command>iconv</command></para>
346 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv">
347 <primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 <varlistentry id="pl2pm">
353 <term><command>pl2pm</command></term>
354 <listitem>
355 <para>A rough tool for converting Perl4
356 <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> files to Perl5
357 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
358 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm">
359 <primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary>
360 </indexterm>
361 </listitem>
362 </varlistentry>
363
364 <varlistentry id="pod2html">
365 <term><command>pod2html</command></term>
366 <listitem>
367 <para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para>
368 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html">
369 <primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary>
370 </indexterm>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373
374 <varlistentry id="pod2man">
375 <term><command>pod2man</command></term>
376 <listitem>
377 <para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para>
378 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man">
379 <primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary>
380 </indexterm>
381 </listitem>
382 </varlistentry>
383
384 <varlistentry id="pod2text">
385 <term><command>pod2text</command></term>
386 <listitem>
387 <para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para>
388 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text">
389 <primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary>
390 </indexterm>
391 </listitem>
392 </varlistentry>
393
394 <varlistentry id="pod2usage">
395 <term><command>pod2usage</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para>
398 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage">
399 <primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 <varlistentry id="podchecker">
405 <term><command>podchecker</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para>
408 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker">
409 <primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary>
410 </indexterm>
411 </listitem>
412 </varlistentry>
413
414 <varlistentry id="podselect">
415 <term><command>podselect</command></term>
416 <listitem>
417 <para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect">
419 <primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="prove">
425 <term><command>prove</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Command line tool for running tests against the Test::Harness
428 module</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl prove">
430 <primary sortas="b-prove">prove</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry>
434<!--
435 <varlistentry id="pstruct">
436 <term><command>pstruct</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command>
439 stabs</para>
440 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct">
441 <primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary>
442 </indexterm>
443 </listitem>
444 </varlistentry>
445-->
446 <varlistentry id="ptar">
447 <term><command>ptar</command></term>
448 <listitem>
449 <para>A <command>tar</command>-like program written in Perl</para>
450 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptar">
451 <primary sortas="b-ptar">ptar</primary>
452 </indexterm>
453 </listitem>
454 </varlistentry>
455
456 <varlistentry id="ptardiff">
457 <term><command>ptardiff</command></term>
458 <listitem>
459 <para>A Perl program that compares an extracted archive with an
460 unextracted one</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptardiff">
462 <primary sortas="b-ptardiff">ptardiff</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
467 <varlistentry id="ptargrep">
468 <term><command>ptargrep</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>A Perl program that applies pattern matching to the contents
471 of files in a tar archive</para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptargrep">
473 <primary sortas="b-ptargrep">ptargrep</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="shasum">
479 <term><command>shasum</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>Prints or checks SHA checksums</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl shasum">
483 <primary sortas="b-shasum">shasum</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="splain">
489 <term><command>splain</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain">
493 <primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="xsubpp">
499 <term><command>xsubpp</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para>
502 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp">
503 <primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary>
504 </indexterm>
505 </listitem>
506 </varlistentry>
507
508 <varlistentry id="zipdetails">
509 <term><command>zipdetails</command></term>
510 <listitem>
511 <para>Displays details about the internal structure of a Zip file</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl zipdetails">
513 <primary sortas="b-zipdetails">zipdetails</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 </variablelist>
519
520 </sect2>
521
522</sect1>
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