1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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4 | %general-entities;
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5 | ]>
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6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-readjusting">
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7 | <title>Re-adjusting the Toolchain</title>
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8 | <?dbhtml filename="readjusting.html"?>
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9 |
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10 | <para>Now that the new and final C libraries have been installed, it
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11 | is time to adjust the toolchain again. The toolchain will be adjusted
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12 | so that it will link any newly compiled program against these new
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13 | libraries. This is the same process used in the
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14 | <quote>Adjusting</quote> phase in the beginning of <xref
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15 | linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>, even though it looks to be
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16 | reversed. In <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>, the chain was
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17 | guided from the host's <filename
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18 | class="directory">/{,usr/}lib</filename> directories to the new
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19 | <filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename> directory. Now, the
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20 | chain will be guided from that same <filename
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21 | class="directory">/tools/lib</filename> directory to the LFS
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22 | <filename class="directory">/{,usr/}lib</filename> directories.</para>
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23 |
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24 | <para>Start by adjusting the linker. The source and build directories
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25 | from the second pass over Binutils were retained for this purpose.
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26 | Install the adjusted linker by running the following command from
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27 | within the <filename class="directory">binutils-build</filename>
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28 | directory:</para>
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29 |
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30 | <screen><userinput>make -C ld INSTALL=/tools/bin/install install</userinput></screen>
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31 |
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32 | <note><para>If the earlier warning to retain the Binutils source and
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33 | build directories from the second pass in <xref
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34 | linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> was missed, or if they were
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35 | accidentally deleted or are inaccessible, ignore the above command.
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36 | The result will be that the next package, Binutils, will link against
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37 | the C libraries in <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>
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38 | rather than in <filename class="directory">/{,usr/}lib</filename>.
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39 | This is not ideal, however, testing has shown that the resulting
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40 | Binutils program binaries should be identical.</para></note>
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41 |
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42 | <para>From now on, every compiled program will link only against the
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43 | libraries in <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> and
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44 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>. The extra
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45 | <parameter>INSTALL=/tools/bin/install</parameter> option is needed
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46 | because the <filename>Makefile</filename> file created during the
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47 | second pass still contains the reference to
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48 | <command>/usr/bin/install</command>, which has not been installed yet.
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49 | Some host distributions contain a <filename
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50 | class="symlink">ginstall</filename> symbolic link which takes
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51 | precedence in the <filename>Makefile</filename> file and can cause a
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52 | problem. The above command takes care of this issue.</para>
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53 |
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54 | <para>Remove the Binutils source and build directories now.</para>
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55 |
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56 | <para>Next, amend the GCC specs file so that it points to the new
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57 | dynamic linker. A <command>perl</command> command accomplishes this:</para>
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58 |
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59 | <screen><userinput>perl -pi -e 's@ /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2@ /lib/ld-linux.so.2@g;' \
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60 | -e 's@\*startfile_prefix_spec:\n@$_/usr/lib/ @g;' \
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61 | `gcc --print-file specs`</userinput></screen>
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62 |
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63 | <para>It is a good idea to visually inspect the specs file to verify the intended
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64 | change was actually made.</para>
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65 |
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66 | <important><para>If working on a platform where the name of the
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67 | dynamic linker is something other than
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68 | <filename class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>, substitute
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69 | <quote>ld-linux.so.2</quote> with the name of the platform's
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70 | dynamic linker in the above commands. Refer back to <xref
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71 | linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes" role=","/> if
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72 | necessary.</para></important>
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73 |
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74 | <beginpage/>
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75 |
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76 | <caution><para>It is imperative at this point to stop and ensure that
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77 | the basic functions (compiling and linking) of the adjusted toolchain
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78 | are working as expected. To do this, perform a sanity
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79 | check:</para>
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80 |
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81 | <screen><userinput>echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
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82 | cc dummy.c
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83 | readelf -l a.out | grep ': /lib'</userinput></screen>
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84 |
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85 | <para>If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors,
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86 | and the output of the last command will be (allowing for
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87 | platform-specific differences in dynamic linker name):</para>
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88 |
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89 | <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>
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90 |
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91 | <para>Note that <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> is now
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92 | the prefix of our dynamic linker.</para>
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93 |
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94 | <para>If the output does not appear as shown above or is not received
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95 | at all, then something is seriously wrong. Investigate and retrace the
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96 | steps to find out where the problem is and correct it. The most likely
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97 | reason is that something went wrong with the specs file amendment
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98 | above. Any issues will need to be resolved before continuing on with
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99 | the process.</para>
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100 |
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101 | <para>Once everything is working correctly, clean up the test
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102 | files:</para>
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103 |
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104 | <screen><userinput>rm dummy.c a.out</userinput></screen></caution>
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105 |
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106 | </sect1>
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107 |
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