[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[752f4e5] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-shadow" role="wrap">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow"><primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary></indexterm>
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[6370fa6] | 11 |
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[a001133] | 12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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[5888299] | 13 | <para>The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure
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| 14 | way.</para>
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| 15 |
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[a001133] | 16 | <segmentedlist>
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| 17 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 18 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 19 | <seglistitem><seg>0.4 SBU</seg><seg>11 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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| 20 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 21 |
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[a001133] | 22 | <segmentedlist>
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| 23 | <segtitle>Shadow installation depends on</segtitle>
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| 24 | <seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Bison, Coreutils,
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[69993f4] | 25 | Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
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[a001133] | 26 | </segmentedlist>
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| 27 | </sect2>
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[3554fa3a] | 28 |
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[a001133] | 29 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[73aedd1d] | 30 | <title>Installation of Shadow</title>
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| 31 |
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[6820da0] | 32 | <para>Prepare Shadow for compilation:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 33 |
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[d0a6c4c] | 34 | <screen><userinput>./configure --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 35 |
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[ef13657] | 36 | <para>Work around a problem that prevents Shadow's
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| 37 | internationalization from working:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 38 |
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[cd0c92d6] | 39 | <screen><userinput>echo '#define HAVE_SETLOCALE 1' >> config.h</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 40 |
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[ef13657] | 41 | <para>Shadow incorrectly declares the malloc() function, causing
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| 42 | compilation failure. Fix this:</para>
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[9dfc02f] | 43 |
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| 44 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/extern char/d' libmisc/xmalloc.c</userinput></screen>
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| 45 |
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[73aedd1d] | 46 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 49 |
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[ef13657] | 50 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 51 |
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| 52 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <para>Shadow uses two files to configure authentication settings for the
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| 55 | system. Install these two config files:</para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <screen><userinput>cp etc/{limits,login.access} /etc</userinput></screen>
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| 58 |
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[38bb44a] | 59 | <beginpage/>
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[ef13657] | 60 | <para>Instead of using the default <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method,
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| 61 | use the more secure <emphasis>MD5</emphasis> method of password
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| 62 | encryption, which also allows passwords longer than 8 characters. It
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| 63 | is also necessary to change the obsolete <filename
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| 64 | class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location for user
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| 65 | mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename
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| 66 | class="directory">/var/mail</filename> location used currently. Both
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| 67 | of these can be accomplished by changing the relevant configuration
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| 68 | file while copying it to its destination:</para>
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[c21999c6] | 69 |
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[2ec4b60] | 70 | <screen><userinput>cp etc/login.defs.linux /etc/login.defs
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| 71 | sed -i -e 's@#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no@MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes@' \
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[8dffa04] | 72 | -e 's@/var/spool/mail@/var/mail@' /etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 73 |
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[ef13657] | 74 | <para>Move some misplaced symlinks/programs to their proper
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| 75 | locations:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 76 |
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[d0a6c4c] | 77 | <screen><userinput>mv /bin/sg /usr/bin
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[6820da0] | 78 | mv /bin/vigr /usr/sbin
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| 79 | mv /usr/bin/passwd /bin</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 80 |
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[ef13657] | 81 | <para>Move Shadow's dynamic libraries to a more appropriate
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| 82 | location:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 83 |
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| 84 | <screen><userinput>mv /usr/lib/lib{shadow,misc}.so.0* /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 85 |
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[ef13657] | 86 | <para>Because some packages expect to find the just-moved libraries in
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| 87 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, create the following
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| 88 | symlinks:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 89 |
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| 90 | <screen><userinput>ln -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so
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| 91 | ln -sf ../../lib/libmisc.so.0 /usr/lib/libmisc.so</userinput></screen>
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| 92 |
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[ef13657] | 93 | <para>The <parameter>-D</parameter> option of the
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| 94 | <command>useradd</command> program requires the <filename
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| 95 | class="directory">/etc/default</filename> directory for it to work
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| 96 | properly:</para>
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[638a816e] | 97 |
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| 98 | <screen><userinput>mkdir /etc/default</userinput></screen>
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| 99 |
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[ef13657] | 100 | <para>Coreutils has already installed a better
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| 101 | <command>groups</command> program in <filename
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| 102 | class="directory">/usr/bin</filename>. Remove the one installed by
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| 103 | Shadow:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 104 |
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| 105 | <screen><userinput>rm /bin/groups</userinput></screen>
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| 106 |
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| 107 | </sect2>
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[24351aa] | 108 |
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[2309b72] | 109 |
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[df8334f] | 110 | <sect2 id="conf-shadow" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Shadow</title>
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[673b0d8] | 111 | <indexterm zone="conf-shadow">
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| 112 | <primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary>
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| 113 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
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[2309b72] | 114 |
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[ef13657] | 115 | <para>This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users
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| 116 | and groups; set and change their passwords; and perform other
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| 117 | administrative tasks. For a full explanation of what
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| 118 | <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> means, see the
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| 119 | <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked source tree.
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| 120 | If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need to
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[69993f4] | 121 | verify passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.)
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| 122 | must be shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with
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[ef13657] | 123 | shadowed passwords.</para>
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[2309b72] | 124 |
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| 125 | <para>To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:</para>
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| 126 |
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[cd1ddd7] | 127 | <screen><userinput>pwconv</userinput></screen>
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[2309b72] | 128 |
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[673b0d8] | 129 | <para>To enable shadowed group passwords, run:</para>
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[2309b72] | 130 |
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[cd1ddd7] | 131 | <screen><userinput>grpconv</userinput></screen>
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[2309b72] | 132 |
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[ef13657] | 133 | <para>Under normal circumstances, passwords will not have been created
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| 134 | yet. However, if returning to this section later to enable shadowing,
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| 135 | reset any current user passwords with the <command>passwd</command>
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| 136 | command or any group passwords with the <command>gpasswd</command>
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| 137 | command.</para>
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[c21999c6] | 138 |
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[2309b72] | 139 | </sect2>
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| 140 |
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[c21999c6] | 141 |
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[df8334f] | 142 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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[2309b72] | 143 | <title>Setting the root password</title>
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| 144 |
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[ef13657] | 145 | <para>Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it
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| 146 | by running:</para>
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[2309b72] | 147 |
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| 148 | <screen><userinput>passwd root</userinput></screen>
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| 149 |
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| 150 | </sect2>
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[24351aa] | 151 |
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[5888299] | 152 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 153 | <sect2 id="contents-shadow" role="content"><title>Contents of Shadow</title>
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[673b0d8] | 154 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 155 | <segmentedlist>
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| 156 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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[69993f4] | 157 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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[35ee31b] | 158 | <seglistitem><seg>chage, chfn, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd,
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| 159 | groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, groups, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login,
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| 160 | logoutd, mkpasswd, newgrp, newusers, passwd, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, sg
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[69993f4] | 161 | (link to newgrp), useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr (link to vipw), and vipw</seg>
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| 162 | <seg>libshadow[.a,so]</seg>
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[35ee31b] | 163 | </seglistitem>
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[c6cb3aa] | 164 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 165 |
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[3ed279f] | 166 | <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 167 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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[673b0d8] | 168 |
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[b8a819f] | 169 | <varlistentry id="chage">
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| 170 | <term><command>chage</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 171 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 172 | <para> used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory
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| 173 | password changes.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 174 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chage"><primary sortas="b-chage">chage</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 175 | </listitem>
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| 176 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 177 |
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[b8a819f] | 178 | <varlistentry id="chfn">
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| 179 | <term><command>chfn</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 180 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 181 | <para>used to change a user's full name and other info.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 182 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chfn"><primary sortas="b-chfn">chfn</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 183 | </listitem>
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| 184 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 185 |
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[b8a819f] | 186 | <varlistentry id="chpasswd">
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| 187 | <term><command>chpasswd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 188 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 189 | <para>used to update the passwords of an entire series of user
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| 190 | accounts.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 191 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chpasswd"><primary sortas="b-chpasswd">chpasswd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 192 | </listitem>
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| 193 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 194 |
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[b8a819f] | 195 | <varlistentry id="chsh">
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| 196 | <term><command>chsh</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 197 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 198 | <para>used to change a user's default login shell.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 199 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chsh"><primary sortas="b-chsh">chsh</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 200 | </listitem>
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| 201 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 202 |
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[b8a819f] | 203 | <varlistentry id="expiry">
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| 204 | <term><command>expiry</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 205 | <listitem>
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| 206 | <para>checks and enforces the current password expiration policy.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 207 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow expiry"><primary sortas="b-expiry">expiry</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 208 | </listitem>
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| 209 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 210 |
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[b8a819f] | 211 | <varlistentry id="faillog">
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| 212 | <term><command>faillog</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 213 | <listitem>
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[3ed279f] | 214 | <para>is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum number of
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[c6cb3aa] | 215 | failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the failure count.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 216 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow faillog"><primary sortas="b-faillog">faillog</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 217 | </listitem>
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| 218 | </varlistentry>
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| 219 |
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[b8a819f] | 220 | <varlistentry id="gpasswd">
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| 221 | <term><command>gpasswd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 222 | <listitem>
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| 223 | <para>is used to add and delete members and administrators to groups.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 224 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow gpasswd"><primary sortas="b-gpasswd">gpasswd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 225 | </listitem>
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| 226 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 227 |
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[b8a819f] | 228 | <varlistentry id="groupadd">
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| 229 | <term><command>groupadd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 230 | <listitem>
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| 231 | <para>creates a group with the given name.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 232 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupadd"><primary sortas="b-groupadd">groupadd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 233 | </listitem>
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| 234 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 235 |
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[b8a819f] | 236 | <varlistentry id="groupdel">
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| 237 | <term><command>groupdel</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 238 | <listitem>
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| 239 | <para>deletes the group with the given name.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 240 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupdel"><primary sortas="b-groupdel">groupdel</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 241 | </listitem>
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| 242 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 243 |
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[b8a819f] | 244 | <varlistentry id="groupmod">
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| 245 | <term><command>groupmod</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 246 | <listitem>
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| 247 | <para>is used to modify the given group's name or GID.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 248 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupmod"><primary sortas="b-groupmod">groupmod</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 249 | </listitem>
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| 250 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 251 |
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[b8a819f] | 252 | <varlistentry id="groups">
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| 253 | <term><command>groups</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 254 | <listitem>
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| 255 | <para>reports the groups of which the given users are members.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 256 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groups"><primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 257 | </listitem>
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| 258 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 259 |
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[b8a819f] | 260 | <varlistentry id="grpck">
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| 261 | <term><command>grpck</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 262 | <listitem>
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[69993f4] | 263 | <para>verifies the integrity of the group files <filename>/etc/group</filename>
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[3ed279f] | 264 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpck"><primary sortas="b-grpck">grpck</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 265 | and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>.</para>
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| 266 | </listitem>
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| 267 | </varlistentry>
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| 268 |
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[b8a819f] | 269 | <varlistentry id="grpconv">
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| 270 | <term><command>grpconv</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 271 | <listitem>
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| 272 | <para>creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal group file.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 273 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpconv"><primary sortas="b-grpconv">grpconv</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 274 | </listitem>
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| 275 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 276 |
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[b8a819f] | 277 | <varlistentry id="grpunconv">
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| 278 | <term><command>grpunconv</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 279 | <listitem>
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| 280 | <para>updates <filename>/etc/group</filename>
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[673b0d8] | 281 | from <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> and then deletes the latter.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 282 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpunconv"><primary sortas="b-grpunconv">grpunconv</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 283 | </listitem>
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| 284 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 285 |
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[b8a819f] | 286 | <varlistentry id="lastlog">
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| 287 | <term><command>lastlog</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 288 | <listitem>
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[69993f4] | 289 | <para>reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 290 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow lastlog"><primary sortas="b-lastlog">lastlog</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 291 | </listitem>
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| 292 | </varlistentry>
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[73aedd1d] | 293 |
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[b8a819f] | 294 | <varlistentry id="login">
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| 295 | <term><command>login</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 296 | <listitem>
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| 297 | <para>is used by the system to let users sign on.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 298 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow login"><primary sortas="b-login">login</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 299 | </listitem>
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| 300 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 301 |
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[b8a819f] | 302 | <varlistentry id="logoutd">
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| 303 | <term><command>logoutd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 304 | <listitem>
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| 305 | <para>is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time and ports.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 306 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow logoutd"><primary sortas="b-logoutd">logoutd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 307 | </listitem>
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| 308 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 309 |
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[b8a819f] | 310 | <varlistentry id="mkpasswd">
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| 311 | <term><command>mkpasswd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 312 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 313 | <para>generates random passwords.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 314 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow mkpasswd"><primary sortas="b-mkpasswd">mkpasswd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 315 | </listitem>
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| 316 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 317 |
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[b8a819f] | 318 | <varlistentry id="newgrp">
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| 319 | <term><command>newgrp</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 320 | <listitem>
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| 321 | <para>is used to change the current GID during a login session.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 322 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newgrp"><primary sortas="b-newgrp">newgrp</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 323 | </listitem>
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| 324 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 325 |
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[b8a819f] | 326 | <varlistentry id="newusers">
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| 327 | <term><command>newusers</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 328 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 329 | <para>is used to create or update an entire series of user accounts.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 330 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newusers"><primary sortas="b-newusers">newusers</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 331 | </listitem>
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| 332 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 333 |
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[b8a819f] | 334 | <varlistentry id="passwd">
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| 335 | <term><command>passwd</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 336 | <listitem>
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| 337 | <para>is used to change the password for a user or group account.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 338 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow passwd"><primary sortas="b-passwd">passwd</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 339 | </listitem>
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| 340 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 341 |
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[b8a819f] | 342 | <varlistentry id="pwck">
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| 343 | <term><command>pwck</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 344 | <listitem>
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[69993f4] | 345 | <para>verifies the integrity of the password files
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[673b0d8] | 346 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>.</para>
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[3ed279f] | 347 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwck"><primary sortas="b-pwck">pwck</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 348 | </listitem>
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| 349 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 350 |
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[b8a819f] | 351 | <varlistentry id="pwconv">
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| 352 | <term><command>pwconv</command></term>
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[c6cb3aa] | 353 | <listitem>
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[ef13657] | 354 | <para>creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal
|
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| 355 | password file.</para>
|
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[3ed279f] | 356 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwconv"><primary sortas="b-pwconv">pwconv</primary></indexterm>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 357 | </listitem>
|
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| 358 | </varlistentry>
|
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[673b0d8] | 359 |
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[b8a819f] | 360 | <varlistentry id="pwunconv">
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| 361 | <term><command>pwunconv</command></term>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 362 | <listitem>
|
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| 363 | <para>updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
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[673b0d8] | 364 | from <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and then deletes the latter.</para>
|
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[3ed279f] | 365 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwunconv"><primary sortas="b-pwunconv">pwunconv</primary></indexterm>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 366 | </listitem>
|
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| 367 | </varlistentry>
|
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[673b0d8] | 368 |
|
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[b8a819f] | 369 | <varlistentry id="sg">
|
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| 370 | <term><command>sg</command></term>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 371 | <listitem>
|
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| 372 | <para>executes a given command while the user's GID
|
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[673b0d8] | 373 | is set to that of the given group.</para>
|
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[3ed279f] | 374 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow sg"><primary sortas="b-sg">sg</primary></indexterm>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 375 | </listitem>
|
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| 376 | </varlistentry>
|
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[673b0d8] | 377 |
|
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[7624c05] | 378 | <varlistentry id="su">
|
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| 379 | <term><command>su</command></term>
|
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| 380 | <listitem>
|
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| 381 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow su"><primary sortas="b-su">su</primary></indexterm>
|
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| 382 | <para>runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs.</para>
|
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| 383 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 384 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 385 |
|
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[b8a819f] | 386 | <varlistentry id="useradd">
|
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| 387 | <term><command>useradd</command></term>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 388 | <listitem>
|
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[ef13657] | 389 | <para>creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default
|
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| 390 | new-user information.</para>
|
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[3ed279f] | 391 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow useradd"><primary sortas="b-useradd">useradd</primary></indexterm>
|
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[c6cb3aa] | 392 | </listitem>
|
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| 393 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 394 |
|
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[b8a819f] | 395 | <varlistentry id="userdel">
|
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| 396 | <term><command>userdel</command></term>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 397 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 398 | <para>deletes the given user account.</para>
|
---|
[3ed279f] | 399 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow userdel"><primary sortas="b-userdel">userdel</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 400 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 401 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 402 |
|
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[b8a819f] | 403 | <varlistentry id="usermod">
|
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| 404 | <term><command>usermod</command></term>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 405 | <listitem>
|
---|
[69993f4] | 406 | <para>is used to modify the given user's login name, User
|
---|
| 407 | Identification (UID),
|
---|
[ef13657] | 408 | shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para>
|
---|
[3ed279f] | 409 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow usermod"><primary sortas="b-usermod">usermod</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 410 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 411 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 412 |
|
---|
[b8a819f] | 413 | <varlistentry id="vigr">
|
---|
| 414 | <term><command>vigr</command></term>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 415 | <listitem>
|
---|
[69993f4] | 416 | <para>edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 417 | <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> files.</para>
|
---|
[3ed279f] | 418 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vigr"><primary sortas="b-vigr">vigr</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 419 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 420 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 421 |
|
---|
[b8a819f] | 422 | <varlistentry id="vipw">
|
---|
| 423 | <term><command>vipw</command></term>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 424 | <listitem>
|
---|
[69993f4] | 425 | <para>edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 426 | <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files.</para>
|
---|
[3ed279f] | 427 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vipw"><primary sortas="b-vipw">vipw</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 428 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 429 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 430 |
|
---|
[b8a819f] | 431 | <varlistentry id="libshadow">
|
---|
[8ad7980] | 432 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libshadow</filename></term>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 433 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 434 | <para>contains functions used by most programs in this package.</para>
|
---|
[3ed279f] | 435 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow libshadow"><primary sortas="c-libshadow">libshadow</primary></indexterm>
|
---|
[c6cb3aa] | 436 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 437 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 438 | </variablelist>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 439 |
|
---|
| 440 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 441 |
|
---|
| 442 | </sect1>
|
---|
[ef13657] | 443 |
|
---|