| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-shadow" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>shadow</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&shadow-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&shadow-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure
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| 27 | way.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&shadow-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&shadow-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | </sect2>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 42 | <title>Installation of Shadow</title>
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <note>
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| 45 | <para>If you would like to enforce the use of strong passwords, refer to
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| 46 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/cracklib.html"/> for installing
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| 47 | Cracklib prior to building Shadow. Then add
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| 48 | <parameter>--with-libcrack</parameter> to the <command>configure</command>
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| 49 | command below.</para>
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| 50 | </note>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <para>Fix a bug in the <command>useradd</command> and
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| 53 | <command>usermod</command> programs which prevent them from accepting group
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| 54 | names rather than group ID numbers to the <option>-g</option> option:</para>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&shadow-useradd-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <para>Prepare Shadow for compilation:</para>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --libdir=/lib --sysconfdir=/etc --enable-shared \
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| 61 | --without-selinux</userinput></screen>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | <variablelist>
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| 64 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <varlistentry>
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| 67 | <term><parameter>--without-selinux</parameter></term>
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| 68 | <listitem>
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| 69 | <para>Support for selinux is enabled by default, but selinux is not
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| 70 | built in a base LFS system. The <command>configure</command> script
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| 71 | will fail if this option is not used.</para>
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| 72 | </listitem>
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| 73 | </varlistentry>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | </variablelist>
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| 76 |
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| 77 | <para>Disable the installation of the <command>groups</command> program
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| 78 | and its man pages, as Coreutils provides a better version:</para>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile
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| 81 | find man -name Makefile -exec sed -i 's/groups\.1 / /' {} \;</userinput></screen>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para>Disable the installation of Chinese and Korean manual pages, since
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| 84 | Man-DB cannot format them properly:</para>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">sed -i -e 's/ ko//' -e 's/ zh_CN zh_TW//' man/Makefile</userinput></screen>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <para>Shadow supplies other manual pages in a UTF-8 encoding. Man-DB
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| 89 | can display these in the recommended encodings by using the
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| 90 | <command>convert-mans</command> script which we installed:</para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">for i in de es fi fr id it pt_BR; do
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| 93 | convert-mans UTF-8 ISO-8859-1 man/${i}/*.?
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| 94 | done
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| 95 |
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| 96 | for i in cs hu pl; do
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| 97 | convert-mans UTF-8 ISO-8859-2 man/${i}/*.?
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| 98 | done
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| 99 |
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| 100 | convert-mans UTF-8 EUC-JP man/ja/*.?
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| 101 | convert-mans UTF-8 KOI8-R man/ru/*.?
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| 102 | convert-mans UTF-8 ISO-8859-9 man/tr/*.?</userinput></screen>
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| 103 |
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| 104 | <para id="shadow-login_defs">Instead of using the default
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| 105 | <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method, use the more secure
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| 106 | <emphasis>MD5</emphasis> method of password encryption, which also allows
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| 107 | passwords longer than 8 characters. It is also necessary to change the
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| 108 | obsolete <filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location
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| 109 | for user mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename
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| 110 | class="directory">/var/mail</filename> location used currently:</para>
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| 111 |
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| 112 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">sed -i -e 's@#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no@MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes@' \
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| 113 | -e 's@/var/spool/mail@/var/mail@' etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
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| 114 |
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| 115 | <note>
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| 116 | <para>If you chose to build Shadow with Cracklib support, run the following:</para>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>sed -i 's@DICTPATH.*@DICTPATH\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict@' \
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| 119 | etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
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| 120 | </note>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <para>Move a misplaced program to its proper location:</para>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/bin/passwd /bin</userinput></screen>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <para>Move Shadow's libraries to more appropriate locations:</para>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /lib/libshadow.*a /usr/lib
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| 139 | rm -v /lib/libshadow.so
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| 140 | ln -sfv ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so</userinput></screen>
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| 141 |
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| 142 | </sect2>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <sect2 id="conf-shadow" role="configuration">
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| 145 | <title>Configuring Shadow</title>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <indexterm zone="conf-shadow">
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| 148 | <primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary>
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| 149 | <secondary>configuring</secondary>
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| 150 | </indexterm>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <para>This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users and
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| 153 | groups; set and change their passwords; and perform other administrative
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| 154 | tasks. For a full explanation of what <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis>
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| 155 | means, see the <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked
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| 156 | source tree. If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need
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| 157 | to verify passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.)
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| 158 | must be Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with
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| 159 | shadowed passwords.</para>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <para>To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:</para>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <screen><userinput>pwconv</userinput></screen>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <para>To enable shadowed group passwords, run:</para>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <screen><userinput>grpconv</userinput></screen>
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| 168 |
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| 169 | <para>Shadow's stock configuration for the <command>useradd</command>
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| 170 | utility is not suitable for LFS systems. Use the following commands to
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| 171 | change the default home directory for new users and prevent the creation of
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| 172 | mail spool files:</para>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <screen><userinput>useradd -D -b /home
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| 175 | sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd</userinput></screen>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | </sect2>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 180 | <title>Setting the root password</title>
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| 181 |
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| 182 | <para>Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it
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| 183 | by running:</para>
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| 184 |
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| 185 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>passwd root</userinput></screen>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | </sect2>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <sect2 id="contents-shadow" role="content">
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| 190 | <title>Contents of Shadow</title>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <segmentedlist>
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| 193 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 194 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | <seglistitem>
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| 197 | <seg>chage, chfn, chgpasswd, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd,
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| 198 | groupadd, groupdel, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv,
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| 199 | lastlog, login, logoutd, newgrp, newusers, nologin, passwd, pwck,
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| 200 | pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), su, useradd, userdel, usermod,
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| 201 | vigr (link to vipw), and vipw</seg>
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| 202 | <seg>libshadow.{a,so}</seg>
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| 203 | </seglistitem>
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| 204 | </segmentedlist>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <variablelist>
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| 207 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 208 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 209 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <varlistentry id="chage">
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| 212 | <term><command>chage</command></term>
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| 213 | <listitem>
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| 214 | <para>Used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory
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| 215 | password changes</para>
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| 216 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chage">
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| 217 | <primary sortas="b-chage">chage</primary>
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| 218 | </indexterm>
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| 219 | </listitem>
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| 220 | </varlistentry>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <varlistentry id="chfn">
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| 223 | <term><command>chfn</command></term>
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| 224 | <listitem>
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| 225 | <para>Used to change a user's full name and other information</para>
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| 226 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chfn">
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| 227 | <primary sortas="b-chfn">chfn</primary>
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| 228 | </indexterm>
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| 229 | </listitem>
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| 230 | </varlistentry>
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| 231 |
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| 232 | <varlistentry id="chgpasswd">
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| 233 | <term><command>chgpasswd</command></term>
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| 234 | <listitem>
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| 235 | <para>Used to update group passwords in batch mode</para>
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| 236 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chgpasswd">
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| 237 | <primary sortas="b-chgpasswd">chgpasswd</primary>
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| 238 | </indexterm>
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| 239 | </listitem>
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| 240 | </varlistentry>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <varlistentry id="chpasswd">
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| 243 | <term><command>chpasswd</command></term>
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| 244 | <listitem>
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| 245 | <para>Used to update user passwords in batch mode</para>
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| 246 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chpasswd">
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| 247 | <primary sortas="b-chpasswd">chpasswd</primary>
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| 248 | </indexterm>
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| 249 | </listitem>
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| 250 | </varlistentry>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <varlistentry id="chsh">
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| 253 | <term><command>chsh</command></term>
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| 254 | <listitem>
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| 255 | <para>Used to change a user's default login shell</para>
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| 256 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chsh">
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| 257 | <primary sortas="b-chsh">chsh</primary>
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| 258 | </indexterm>
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| 259 | </listitem>
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| 260 | </varlistentry>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <varlistentry id="expiry">
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| 263 | <term><command>expiry</command></term>
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| 264 | <listitem>
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| 265 | <para>Checks and enforces the current password expiration policy</para>
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| 266 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow expiry">
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| 267 | <primary sortas="b-expiry">expiry</primary>
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| 268 | </indexterm>
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| 269 | </listitem>
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| 270 | </varlistentry>
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| 271 |
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| 272 | <varlistentry id="faillog">
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| 273 | <term><command>faillog</command></term>
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| 274 | <listitem>
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| 275 | <para>Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum
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| 276 | number of failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the
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| 277 | failure count</para>
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| 278 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow faillog">
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| 279 | <primary sortas="b-faillog">faillog</primary>
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| 280 | </indexterm>
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| 281 | </listitem>
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| 282 | </varlistentry>
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| 283 |
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| 284 | <varlistentry id="gpasswd">
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| 285 | <term><command>gpasswd</command></term>
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| 286 | <listitem>
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| 287 | <para>Is used to add and delete members and administrators to
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| 288 | groups</para>
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| 289 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow gpasswd">
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| 290 | <primary sortas="b-gpasswd">gpasswd</primary>
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| 291 | </indexterm>
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| 292 | </listitem>
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| 293 | </varlistentry>
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| 294 |
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| 295 | <varlistentry id="groupadd">
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| 296 | <term><command>groupadd</command></term>
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| 297 | <listitem>
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| 298 | <para>Creates a group with the given name</para>
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| 299 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupadd">
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| 300 | <primary sortas="b-groupadd">groupadd</primary>
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| 301 | </indexterm>
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| 302 | </listitem>
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| 303 | </varlistentry>
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| 304 |
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| 305 | <varlistentry id="groupdel">
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| 306 | <term><command>groupdel</command></term>
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| 307 | <listitem>
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| 308 | <para>Deletes the group with the given name</para>
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| 309 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupdel">
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| 310 | <primary sortas="b-groupdel">groupdel</primary>
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| 311 | </indexterm>
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| 312 | </listitem>
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| 313 | </varlistentry>
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| 314 |
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| 315 | <varlistentry id="groupmems">
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| 316 | <term><command>groupmems</command></term>
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| 317 | <listitem>
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| 318 | <para>Allows a user to administer his/her own group membership list
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| 319 | without the requirement of super user privileges.</para>
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| 320 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupmems">
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| 321 | <primary sortas="b-groupmems">groupmems</primary>
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| 322 | </indexterm>
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| 323 | </listitem>
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| 324 | </varlistentry>
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| 325 |
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| 326 | <varlistentry id="groupmod">
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| 327 | <term><command>groupmod</command></term>
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| 328 | <listitem>
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| 329 | <para>Is used to modify the given group's name or GID</para>
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| 330 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupmod">
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| 331 | <primary sortas="b-groupmod">groupmod</primary>
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| 332 | </indexterm>
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| 333 | </listitem>
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| 334 | </varlistentry>
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| 335 |
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| 336 | <varlistentry id="grpck">
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| 337 | <term><command>grpck</command></term>
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| 338 | <listitem>
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| 339 | <para>Verifies the integrity of the group files
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| 340 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 341 | <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></para>
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| 342 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpck">
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| 343 | <primary sortas="b-grpck">grpck</primary>
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| 344 | </indexterm>
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| 345 | </listitem>
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| 346 | </varlistentry>
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| 347 |
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| 348 | <varlistentry id="grpconv">
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| 349 | <term><command>grpconv</command></term>
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| 350 | <listitem>
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| 351 | <para>Creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal
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| 352 | group file</para>
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| 353 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpconv">
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| 354 | <primary sortas="b-grpconv">grpconv</primary>
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| 355 | </indexterm>
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| 356 | </listitem>
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| 357 | </varlistentry>
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| 358 |
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| 359 | <varlistentry id="grpunconv">
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| 360 | <term><command>grpunconv</command></term>
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| 361 | <listitem>
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| 362 | <para>Updates <filename>/etc/group</filename> from
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| 363 | <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para>
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| 364 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpunconv">
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| 365 | <primary sortas="b-grpunconv">grpunconv</primary>
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| 366 | </indexterm>
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| 367 | </listitem>
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| 368 | </varlistentry>
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| 369 |
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| 370 | <varlistentry id="lastlog">
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| 371 | <term><command>lastlog</command></term>
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| 372 | <listitem>
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| 373 | <para>Reports the most recent login of all users or of a
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| 374 | given user</para>
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| 375 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow lastlog">
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| 376 | <primary sortas="b-lastlog">lastlog</primary>
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| 377 | </indexterm>
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| 378 | </listitem>
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| 379 | </varlistentry>
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| 380 |
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| 381 | <varlistentry id="login">
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| 382 | <term><command>login</command></term>
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| 383 | <listitem>
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| 384 | <para>Is used by the system to let users sign on</para>
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| 385 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow login">
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| 386 | <primary sortas="b-login">login</primary>
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| 387 | </indexterm>
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| 388 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 389 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 390 |
|
|---|
| 391 | <varlistentry id="logoutd">
|
|---|
| 392 | <term><command>logoutd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 393 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 394 | <para>Is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time
|
|---|
| 395 | and ports</para>
|
|---|
| 396 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow logoutd">
|
|---|
| 397 | <primary sortas="b-logoutd">logoutd</primary>
|
|---|
| 398 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 399 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 400 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 401 |
|
|---|
| 402 | <varlistentry id="newgrp">
|
|---|
| 403 | <term><command>newgrp</command></term>
|
|---|
| 404 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 405 | <para>Is used to change the current GID during a login session</para>
|
|---|
| 406 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newgrp">
|
|---|
| 407 | <primary sortas="b-newgrp">newgrp</primary>
|
|---|
| 408 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 409 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 410 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 411 |
|
|---|
| 412 | <varlistentry id="newusers">
|
|---|
| 413 | <term><command>newusers</command></term>
|
|---|
| 414 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 415 | <para>Is used to create or update an entire series of user
|
|---|
| 416 | accounts</para>
|
|---|
| 417 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newusers">
|
|---|
| 418 | <primary sortas="b-newusers">newusers</primary>
|
|---|
| 419 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 420 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 421 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 422 |
|
|---|
| 423 | <varlistentry id="nologin">
|
|---|
| 424 | <term><command>nologin</command></term>
|
|---|
| 425 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 426 | <para>Displays a message that an account is not available. Designed
|
|---|
| 427 | to be used as the default shell for accounts that have been
|
|---|
| 428 | disabled</para>
|
|---|
| 429 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow nologin">
|
|---|
| 430 | <primary sortas="b-nologin">nologin</primary>
|
|---|
| 431 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 432 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 433 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 434 |
|
|---|
| 435 | <varlistentry id="passwd">
|
|---|
| 436 | <term><command>passwd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 437 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 438 | <para>Is used to change the password for a user or group account</para>
|
|---|
| 439 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow passwd">
|
|---|
| 440 | <primary sortas="b-passwd">passwd</primary>
|
|---|
| 441 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 442 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 443 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 444 |
|
|---|
| 445 | <varlistentry id="pwck">
|
|---|
| 446 | <term><command>pwck</command></term>
|
|---|
| 447 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 448 | <para>Verifies the integrity of the password files
|
|---|
| 449 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
|
|---|
| 450 | <filename>/etc/shadow</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 451 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwck">
|
|---|
| 452 | <primary sortas="b-pwck">pwck</primary>
|
|---|
| 453 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 454 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 455 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 456 |
|
|---|
| 457 | <varlistentry id="pwconv">
|
|---|
| 458 | <term><command>pwconv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 459 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 460 | <para>Creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal
|
|---|
| 461 | password file</para>
|
|---|
| 462 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwconv">
|
|---|
| 463 | <primary sortas="b-pwconv">pwconv</primary>
|
|---|
| 464 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 465 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 466 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 467 |
|
|---|
| 468 | <varlistentry id="pwunconv">
|
|---|
| 469 | <term><command>pwunconv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 470 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 471 | <para>Updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> from
|
|---|
| 472 | <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para>
|
|---|
| 473 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwunconv">
|
|---|
| 474 | <primary sortas="b-pwunconv">pwunconv</primary>
|
|---|
| 475 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 476 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 477 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 478 |
|
|---|
| 479 | <varlistentry id="sg">
|
|---|
| 480 | <term><command>sg</command></term>
|
|---|
| 481 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 482 | <para>Executes a given command while the user's GID
|
|---|
| 483 | is set to that of the given group</para>
|
|---|
| 484 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow sg">
|
|---|
| 485 | <primary sortas="b-sg">sg</primary>
|
|---|
| 486 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 487 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 488 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 489 |
|
|---|
| 490 | <varlistentry id="su">
|
|---|
| 491 | <term><command>su</command></term>
|
|---|
| 492 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 493 | <para>Runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs</para>
|
|---|
| 494 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow su">
|
|---|
| 495 | <primary sortas="b-su">su</primary>
|
|---|
| 496 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 497 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 498 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 499 |
|
|---|
| 500 | <varlistentry id="useradd">
|
|---|
| 501 | <term><command>useradd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 502 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 503 | <para>Creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default
|
|---|
| 504 | new-user information</para>
|
|---|
| 505 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow useradd">
|
|---|
| 506 | <primary sortas="b-useradd">useradd</primary>
|
|---|
| 507 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 508 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 509 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 510 |
|
|---|
| 511 | <varlistentry id="userdel">
|
|---|
| 512 | <term><command>userdel</command></term>
|
|---|
| 513 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 514 | <para>Deletes the given user account</para>
|
|---|
| 515 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow userdel">
|
|---|
| 516 | <primary sortas="b-userdel">userdel</primary>
|
|---|
| 517 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 518 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 519 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 520 |
|
|---|
| 521 | <varlistentry id="usermod">
|
|---|
| 522 | <term><command>usermod</command></term>
|
|---|
| 523 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 524 | <para>Is used to modify the given user's login name, User
|
|---|
| 525 | Identification (UID), shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para>
|
|---|
| 526 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow usermod">
|
|---|
| 527 | <primary sortas="b-usermod">usermod</primary>
|
|---|
| 528 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 529 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 530 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 531 |
|
|---|
| 532 | <varlistentry id="vigr">
|
|---|
| 533 | <term><command>vigr</command></term>
|
|---|
| 534 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 535 | <para>Edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or
|
|---|
| 536 | <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> files</para>
|
|---|
| 537 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vigr">
|
|---|
| 538 | <primary sortas="b-vigr">vigr</primary>
|
|---|
| 539 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 540 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 541 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 542 |
|
|---|
| 543 | <varlistentry id="vipw">
|
|---|
| 544 | <term><command>vipw</command></term>
|
|---|
| 545 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 546 | <para>Edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or
|
|---|
| 547 | <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files</para>
|
|---|
| 548 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vipw">
|
|---|
| 549 | <primary sortas="b-vipw">vipw</primary>
|
|---|
| 550 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 551 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 552 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 553 |
|
|---|
| 554 | <varlistentry id="libshadow">
|
|---|
| 555 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libshadow</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 556 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 557 | <para>Contains functions used by most programs in this package</para>
|
|---|
| 558 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow libshadow">
|
|---|
| 559 | <primary sortas="c-libshadow">libshadow</primary>
|
|---|
| 560 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 561 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 562 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 563 |
|
|---|
| 564 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 565 |
|
|---|
| 566 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 567 |
|
|---|
| 568 | </sect1>
|
|---|
