[6370fa6] | 1 | <sect1 id="ch06-shadow">
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[e1f2f4db] | 2 | <title>Installing Shadow-&shadow-version;</title>
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[576e206] | 3 | <?dbhtml filename="shadow.html" dir="chapter06"?>
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[6370fa6] | 4 |
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[b822811] | 5 | <screen>Estimated build time: &shadow-time;
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[6403026] | 6 | Estimated required disk space: &shadow-compsize;</screen>
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[3554fa3a] | 7 |
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[487b8e6] | 8 | &aa-shadowpwd-shortdesc;
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[9b29852] | 9 | &aa-shadowpwd-dep;
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[73aedd1d] | 10 |
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| 11 | <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <sect2>
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| 14 | <title>Installation of Shadow</title>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <para>The <userinput>login</userinput>, <userinput>getty</userinput> and
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| 17 | <userinput>init</userinput> programs (and some others) maintain a number
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| 18 | of logfiles to record who are and who were logged in to the system. These
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| 19 | programs, however, don't create these logfiles when they don't exist, so if
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| 20 | you want this logging to occur you will have to create the files yourself.
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| 21 | The Shadow package needs to detect these files in their proper place, so we
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| 22 | create them now, with their proper permissions:</para>
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| 23 |
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| 24 | <screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
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| 25 | chmod 644 /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}</userinput></screen>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file lists the users that are
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| 28 | currently logged in, the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file who
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| 29 | <emphasis>were</emphasis> logged in and when.
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| 30 | The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file shows for each user when he
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| 31 | or she last logged in, and the <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> lists the
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| 32 | bad login attempts.</para>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <para>Shadow hard-wires the path to the <userinput>passwd</userinput> binary
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| 35 | within the binary itself, but does this the wrong way. If a
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| 36 | <userinput>passwd</userinput> binary is not present before installing Shadow,
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| 37 | the package incorrectly assumes it is going to be located at
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| 38 | <filename>/bin/passwd</filename>, but then installs it in
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| 39 | <filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename>. This will lead to errors about not finding
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| 40 | <filename>/bin/passwd</filename>. To work around this bug, create a dummy
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| 41 | <filename>passwd</filename> file, so that it gets hard-wired properly:</para>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <screen><userinput>touch /usr/bin/passwd</userinput></screen>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <para>The current Shadow suite has a problem that causes the
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| 46 | <userinput>newgrp</userinput> command to fail. The following patch (also
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| 47 | appearing in Shadow's CVS code) fixes this problem:</para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&shadow-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <para>Now prepare Shadow for compilation:</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared</userinput></screen>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <para>And install it:</para>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | <para>Shadow uses two files to configure authentication settings for the
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| 64 | system. Install these two config files:</para>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <screen><userinput>cp etc/{limits,login.access} /etc</userinput></screen>
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| 67 |
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| 68 | <para>We want to change the password method to enable MD5 passwords which are
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| 69 | theoretically more secure than the default "crypt" method and also allow
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| 70 | password lengths greater than 8 characters. We also need to change the old
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| 71 | <filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location for user
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| 72 | mailboxes to the current location at
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| 73 | <filename class="directory">/var/mail</filename>. We do this by changing the
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| 74 | relevant configuration file while copying it to its destination:</para>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <screen><userinput>sed -e 's%/var/spool/mail%/var/mail%' \
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| 77 | -e 's%#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no%MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes%' \
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| 78 | etc/login.defs.linux > /etc/login.defs</userinput></screen>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <note><para>Be extra careful when typing all of the above. It is probably safer
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| 81 | to cut-and-paste it rather than try and type it all in.</para></note>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para>According to the man page of <userinput>vipw</userinput>, a
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| 84 | <userinput>vigr</userinput> program should exist too. Since the installation
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| 85 | procedure doesn't create this program, create a symlink manually:</para>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <screen><userinput>ln -s vipw /usr/sbin/vigr</userinput></screen>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | <para>As the <filename>/bin/vipw</filename> symlink is redundant (and even
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| 90 | pointing to a non-existent file), remove it:</para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <screen><userinput>rm /bin/vipw</userinput></screen>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <para>Now move the <userinput>sg</userinput> program to its proper place:</para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <screen><userinput>mv /bin/sg /usr/bin</userinput></screen>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <para>And move Shadow's dynamic libraries to a more appropriate location:</para>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | <screen><userinput>mv /usr/lib/lib{shadow,misc}.so.0* /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 101 |
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| 102 | <para>As some packages expect to find the just-moved libraries in
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| 103 | <filename>/usr/lib</filename>, create the following symlinks:</para>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <screen><userinput>ln -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so
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| 106 | ln -sf ../../lib/libmisc.so.0 /usr/lib/libmisc.so</userinput></screen>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <para>Coreutils has already installed a <userinput>groups</userinput> program
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| 109 | in <filename>/usr/bin</filename>. If you wish, you can remove the one
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| 110 | installed by Shadow:</para>
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| 111 |
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| 112 | <screen><userinput>rm /bin/groups</userinput></screen>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | </sect2>
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[24351aa] | 115 |
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[49f4dd5] | 116 | &c6-cf-shadowpwd;
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[24351aa] | 117 | &c6-cf-password;
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| 118 |
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[6370fa6] | 119 | </sect1>
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[73aedd1d] | 120 |
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