source: chapter06/systemd.xml@ 01ffc23

multilib-10.1
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[1fa2099]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42 <!--
43 <para>Apply a patch to fix two critical security vulnerabilities:</para>
44
45<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-240-security_fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
46 -->
47
48 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
49
50<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
51
52 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
53 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
54
[8c5e7286]55<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}.so*; do
[1fa2099]56 ln -sf $file /usr/lib/
57done</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
62
63 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
64
65<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
66
67 <para>Remove an unneeded group,
68 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
69 rules:</para>
70
71<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
72
73 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
74
75 <screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
76cd build
77
78PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/tools/lib/pkgconfig" \
79LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
80meson --prefix=/usr \
81 --sysconfdir=/etc \
82 --localstatedir=/var \
83 -Dblkid=true \
84 -Dbuildtype=release \
85 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
86 -Dfirstboot=false \
87 -Dinstall-tests=false \
88 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
89 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
90 -Dldconfig=false \
91 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
92 -Drootprefix= \
93 -Drootlibdir=/lib \
94 -Dsplit-usr=true \
95 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
96 -Dsysusers=false \
97 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
98 -Db_lto=false \
99 ..</userinput></screen>
100
101 <variablelist>
102 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
103
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>These switches provide location of binaries needed by
108 systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed, or who's
109 pkgconfig files are currently only in
110 <filename>/tools/lib/pkgconfig</filename>.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 <varlistentry>
122 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
123 <listitem>
124 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
125 services responsible for setting up the system for
126 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
127 everything is done manually.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
135 </listitem>
136 </varlistentry>
137
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
140 <listitem>
141 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
142 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
143 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
144 if the described feature is desired.</para>
145 </listitem>
146 </varlistentry>
147
148 <varlistentry>
149 <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
150 <listitem>
151 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
152 shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
153 of the root partition.</para>
154 </listitem>
155 </varlistentry>
156
157 <varlistentry>
158 <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
159 <listitem>
160 <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
161 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
162 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
163 </listitem>
164 </varlistentry>
165
166 <varlistentry>
167 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
168 <listitem>
169 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
170 services responsible for setting up the
171 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
172 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
173 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176
177 </variablelist>
178
179 <para>Compile the package:</para>
180
181<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
182<!--
183 <para>To test the package, execute the following command:</para>
184
185<screen><userinput remap="test">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja test</userinput></screen>
186-->
187 <para>Install the package:</para>
188
189<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
190
[7d9f881]191 <para>Remove an unnecessary directory and file:</para>
[1fa2099]192
193<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm
194rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
195
196 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
197 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
200
[01ffc23]201 <para>Prevent systemd from creating <filename>/run/nologin</filename>
202 to allow unprivileged user logins without
[1fa2099]203 <application>systemd-logind</application>:</para>
204
[01ffc23]205<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd-nologin.conf</userinput></screen>
[1fa2099]206
207 </sect2>
208
[8eb3fe4]209<!-- ====== 32-bit ===== -->
210
[ee1a413]211 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
[8eb3fe4]212 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
213
214 <para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
215<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
218
219<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
226 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
227
228<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
229 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
230done</userinput></screen>
231
232 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
233
234<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
235
236 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
237
238 <screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
239PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig:/tools/lib32/pkgconfig" \
240CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
241CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
242LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
243meson --prefix=/usr \
244 --sysconfdir=/etc \
245 --localstatedir=/var \
246 -Dblkid=true \
247 -Dbuildtype=release \
248 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
249 -Dfirstboot=false \
250 -Dinstall-tests=false \
251 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
252 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
253 -Dldconfig=false \
254 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
255 -Drootprefix= \
256 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
257 -Dsplit-usr=true \
258 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
259 -Dsysusers=false \
260 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
261 -Db_lto=false \
262 ..</userinput></screen>
263
264 <para>Compile the package:</para>
265
266<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Install the package:</para>
269
270<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
271cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
272rm -rf DESTDIR
273rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
274
275 </sect2>
276
277<!-- ====== x32-bit ===== -->
278
[ee1a413]279 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
[8eb3fe4]280 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
281
282 <para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
283<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
284
285 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
286
287<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
288
289 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
290
291<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
292
293 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
294 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/libx32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
297 ln -sf $file /usr/libx32/
298done</userinput></screen>
299
300 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
303
304 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
305
306<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
307sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
310
311<screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
312PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/tools/libx32/pkgconfig:/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
313CC="gcc -mx32" \
314CXX="g++ -mx32" \
315CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
316CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
317LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
318meson --prefix=/usr \
319 --sysconfdir=/etc \
320 --localstatedir=/var \
321 -Dblkid=true \
322 -Dbuildtype=release \
323 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
324 -Dfirstboot=false \
325 -Dinstall-tests=false \
326 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
327 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
328 -Dldconfig=false \
329 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
330 -Drootprefix= \
331 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
332 -Dsplit-usr=true \
333 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
334 -Dsysusers=false \
335 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
336 -Db_lto=false \
337 ..</userinput></screen>
338
339 <para>Compile the package:</para>
340
341<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
342
343 <para>Install the package:</para>
344
345<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
346cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
347rm -rf DESTDIR
348rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
349
350 </sect2>
351
[1fa2099]352 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
353 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
354
355 <segmentedlist>
356 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
357 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
358 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
359
360 <seglistitem>
361 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
362 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
363 machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
364 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
365 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
366 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
367 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
368 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
369 systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
370 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
371 systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
372 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
373 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
374 systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
375 udevadm</seg>
376 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
377 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
378 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
379 and libudev.so</seg>
380 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
381 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
382 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
383 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
384 /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
385 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
386 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
387 </seglistitem>
388 </segmentedlist>
389
390 <variablelist>
391 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
392 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
393 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
394
395 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
396 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
397 <listitem>
398 <para>Used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
400 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="busctl">
406 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
410 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
416 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
420 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 <varlistentry id="halt">
426 <term><command>halt</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
429 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
430 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
431 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
432 brought down</para>
433 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
434 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436 </listitem>
437 </varlistentry>
438
439 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
440 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
441 <listitem>
442 <para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
443 settings</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
445 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="init">
451 <term><command>init</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
454 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
455 processes according to its configuration files</para>
456 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
457 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
458 </indexterm>
459 </listitem>
460 </varlistentry>
461
462 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
463 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
464 <listitem>
465 <para>Used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
466 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
467 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
468 </indexterm>
469 </listitem>
470 </varlistentry>
471
472 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
473 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
474 <listitem>
475 <para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
476 from /boot</para>
477 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
478 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
479 </indexterm>
480 </listitem>
481 </varlistentry>
482
483 <varlistentry id="localectl">
484 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
485 <listitem>
486 <para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
487 settings</para>
488 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
489 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
490 </indexterm>
491 </listitem>
492 </varlistentry>
493
494 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
495 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
498 Manager</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
500 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
506 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
509 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
511 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
517 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
520 systemd-networkd</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
522 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
528 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Used to attach or detach portable services from the local
531 system</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
533 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
539 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
542 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
544 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="reboot">
550 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
553 <command>halt</command>)</para>
554 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
555 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
556 </indexterm>
557 </listitem>
558 </varlistentry>
559
560 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
561 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
562 <listitem>
563 <para>Register DNS server and domain configuration with
564 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
565 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
566 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
567 </indexterm>
568 </listitem>
569 </varlistentry>
570
571 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
572 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
573 <listitem>
574 <para>Send control commands to the network name resolution
575 manager, or resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
576 DNS records, and services.</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
578 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
584 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
587 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
589 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
595 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
598 and notifying all logged-in users</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
600 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
606 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
609 and service manager</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
611 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
617 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current
620 boot</para>
621 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
622 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
623 </indexterm>
624 </listitem>
625 </varlistentry>
626
627 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
628 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
629 <listitem>
630 <para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
631 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
632 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
633 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
639 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
642 </para>
643 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
644 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
645 </indexterm>
646 </listitem>
647 </varlistentry>
648
649 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
650 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
651 <listitem>
652 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
653 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
654 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
655 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
656 </indexterm>
657 </listitem>
658 </varlistentry>
659
660 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
661 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
662 <listitem>
663 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
664 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
666 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
672 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
675 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
676 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
677 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
678 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
679 </indexterm>
680 </listitem>
681 </varlistentry>
682
683 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
684 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
685 <listitem>
686 <para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
688 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
694 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
697 names</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
699 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
705 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
709 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
715 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Generate and print id128 strings</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
719 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
725 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
728 inhibitor lock taken</para>
729 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
730 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
731 </indexterm>
732 </listitem>
733 </varlistentry>
734
735 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
736 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
737 <listitem>
738 <para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
739 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
740 randomly generated ID</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
742 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
748 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>A tool to temporarily mount or auto-mount a drive.</para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
752 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
758 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
761 changes</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
763 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
769 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
772 container</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
774 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
780 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
784 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
790 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>Used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
793 resource records, and services</para>
794 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
795 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
796 </indexterm>
797 </listitem>
798 </varlistentry>
799
800 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
801 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
802 <listitem>
803 <para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit
804 and run the specified command in it</para>
805 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
806 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
807 </indexterm>
808 </listitem>
809 </varlistentry>
810
811 <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
812 <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
813 <listitem>
814 <para>To be completed</para>
815 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
816 <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
817 </indexterm>
818 </listitem>
819 </varlistentry> -->
820
821 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
822 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
823 <listitem>
824 <para>A tool to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
825 connection.</para>
826 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
827 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
828 </indexterm>
829 </listitem>
830 </varlistentry>
831
832 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
833 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
834 <listitem>
835 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
836 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
837 specified in
838 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
840 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
846 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Unmount mount points</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
850 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
856 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
860 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="telinit">
866 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
869 to</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
871 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
877 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
880 </para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
882 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
888 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
891 provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
892 uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and triggers uevents
893 for a given device</para>
894 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
895 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
896 </indexterm>
897 </listitem>
898 </varlistentry>
899
900 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
901 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
902 <listitem>
903 <para>The main systemd utility library</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
905 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="libudev">
911 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
915 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 </variablelist>
921
922 </sect2>
923
924</sect1>
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