[f896e21c] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[35a5259] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
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[cba2d4e] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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[f896e21c] | 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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[cba2d4e] | 12 | <productname>systemd</productname>
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[f896e21c] | 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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[cba2d4e] | 17 | <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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[f896e21c] | 18 |
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[cba2d4e] | 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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[1118b17] | 20 | <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
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[f896e21c] | 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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[1118b17] | 26 | <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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[cba2d4e] | 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[1118b17] | 41 | <title>Installation of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 42 |
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[1118b17] | 43 | <para>First, fix a build error when using Util-Linux built in
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| 44 | Chapter 5:</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i "s:blkid/::" $(grep -rl "blkid/blkid.h")</userinput></screen>
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| 47 |
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[e787b1f] | 48 | <para>Fix a potential security issue with framebuffer devices:</para>
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[1118b17] | 49 |
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[e787b1f] | 50 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e 's@DRI and frame buffer@DRI@' \
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| 51 | -e '/SUBSYTEM==\"graphics\", KERNEL==\"fb\*\"/d' \
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| 52 | -i src/login/70-uaccess.rules</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 53 |
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| 54 | <para>Disable two tests that always fail:</para>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e 's@test/udev-test.pl @@' \
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| 57 | -e 's@test-copy$(EXEEXT) @@' \
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| 58 | -i Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <para>Rebuild generated files after modifying Makefile.am and
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| 61 | Makefile.in:</para>
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[df37fa9] | 62 |
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[1118b17] | 63 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">autoreconf -fi</userinput></screen>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | <para>Create a file to allow systemd to build when using Util-Linux
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| 66 | built in Chapter 5, to disable LTO by default, and to build without
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| 67 | xlstproc:</para>
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[d7f2eb0] | 68 |
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[cba2d4e] | 69 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">cat > config.cache << "EOF"
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| 70 | <literal>KILL=/bin/kill
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[1118b17] | 71 | MOUNT_PATH=/bin/mount
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| 72 | UMOUNT_PATH=/bin/umount
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[cba2d4e] | 73 | HAVE_BLKID=1
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| 74 | BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
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[61d3147] | 75 | BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/blkid"
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[1118b17] | 76 | HAVE_LIBMOUNT=1
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| 77 | MOUNT_LIBS="-lmount"
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| 78 | MOUNT_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/libmount"
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| 79 | cc_cv_CFLAGS__flto=no
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| 80 | XSLTPROC="/usr/bin/xsltproc"</literal>
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[cba2d4e] | 81 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[f896e21c] | 82 |
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[1118b17] | 83 | <para>LTO is disabled by default because it causes
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| 84 | <command>systemd</command> and other auxiliary programs to link to
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| 85 | <filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_s.so</filename>, slows the build down
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| 86 | and makes the compiled code larger.</para>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
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| 89 |
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[e787b1f] | 90 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 91 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 92 | --localstatedir=/var \
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| 93 | --config-cache \
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| 94 | --with-rootprefix= \
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| 95 | --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
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| 96 | --enable-split-usr \
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| 97 | --disable-firstboot \
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| 98 | --disable-ldconfig \
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| 99 | --disable-sysusers \
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| 100 | --without-python \
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| 101 | --with-default-dnssec=no \
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[1118b17] | 102 | --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 103 |
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| 104 | <variablelist>
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| 105 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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| 106 |
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| 107 | <varlistentry>
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| 108 | <term><parameter>--config-cache</parameter></term>
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| 109 | <listitem>
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| 110 | <para>This switch tells the build system to use
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| 111 | the <filename>config.cache</filename> file which
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| 112 | was created earlier.</para>
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| 113 | </listitem>
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| 114 | </varlistentry>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <varlistentry>
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| 117 | <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
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| 118 | <listitem>
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| 119 | <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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| 120 | shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
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| 121 | of the root partition.</para>
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| 122 | </listitem>
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| 123 | </varlistentry>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <varlistentry>
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| 126 | <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
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| 127 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 128 | <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
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[cba2d4e] | 129 | systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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| 130 | symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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| 131 | </listitem>
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| 132 | </varlistentry>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | <varlistentry>
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[1118b17] | 135 | <term><parameter>--without-python</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 136 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 137 | <para>This switch prevents <command>configure</command>
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| 138 | from trying to use Python which isn't built
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| 139 | in LFS.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 140 | </listitem>
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| 141 | </varlistentry>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <varlistentry>
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[1118b17] | 144 | <term><parameter>--disable-firstboot</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 145 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 146 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 147 | services responsible for setting up the system for
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| 148 | the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
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| 149 | everything is done manually.</para>
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| 150 | </listitem>
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| 151 | </varlistentry>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | <varlistentry>
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| 154 | <term><parameter>--disable-ldconfig</parameter></term>
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| 155 | <listitem>
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| 156 | <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd
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| 157 | unit that runs <command>ldconfig</command> at
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| 158 | boot, making the boot time longer. Remove it if the
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| 159 | described feature is desired, even though it's not
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| 160 | useful for source distributions such as LFS.</para>
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| 161 | </listitem>
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| 162 | </varlistentry>
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| 163 |
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| 164 | <varlistentry>
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| 165 | <term><parameter>--disable-sysusers</parameter></term>
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| 166 | <listitem>
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| 167 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 168 | services responsible for setting up the
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| 169 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 170 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
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| 171 | were created early in this chapter.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 172 | </listitem>
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| 173 | </varlistentry>
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| 174 |
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[e787b1f] | 175 | <varlistentry>
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| 176 | <term><parameter>--with-default-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
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| 177 | <listitem>
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| 178 | <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC suport.</para>
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| 179 | </listitem>
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| 180 | </varlistentry>
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| 181 |
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[cba2d4e] | 182 | </variablelist>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 187 |
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[1118b17] | 188 | <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
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| 189 | package has been installed.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 190 |
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| 191 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 192 |
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[cba2d4e] | 193 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>
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| 194 |
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[1118b17] | 195 | <para>Move NSS libraries to <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>:</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 196 |
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[1118b17] | 197 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_{myhostname,mymachines,resolve}.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 198 |
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| 199 | <para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
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[b7da138f] | 202 |
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[1118b17] | 203 | <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, so systemd is used
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| 204 | as the default init system:</para>
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[b7da138f] | 205 |
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[cba2d4e] | 206 | <screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
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[1118b17] | 207 | ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/${tool}
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[cba2d4e] | 208 | done
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[1118b17] | 209 | ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
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[b7da138f] | 210 |
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[1118b17] | 211 | <!--
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[cba2d4e] | 212 | <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
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[d29a03b] | 213 |
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[cba2d4e] | 214 | <screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 215 | -->
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[053b206] | 216 |
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[cba2d4e] | 217 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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[1118b17] | 218 | <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
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[053b206] | 219 |
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[cba2d4e] | 220 | <screen><userinput remap="install">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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| 221 |
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[1118b17] | 222 | <para>Since the testsuite largely depends on the host system kernel
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| 223 | configuration, some tests may fail. It also needs a modification in
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| 224 | order not to look for a program that will be installed by Util-Linux
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| 225 | package later in this chapter. To test the results, issue:</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 226 |
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[1118b17] | 227 | <screen><userinput remap="test">sed -i "s:minix:ext4:g" src/test/test-path-util.c
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| 228 | make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib -k check</userinput></screen>
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[053b206] | 229 |
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[f896e21c] | 230 | </sect2>
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| 231 |
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[cba2d4e] | 232 | <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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[1118b17] | 233 | <title>Contents of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 234 |
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| 235 | <segmentedlist>
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| 236 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 237 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 238 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <seglistitem>
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[1118b17] | 241 | <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl,
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| 242 | kernel-install, localectl, loginctl, machinectl, networkctl, poweroff,
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| 243 | reboot, runlevel, shutdown, systemctl, systemd-analyze,
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| 244 | systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
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| 245 | systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
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| 246 | systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify,
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| 247 | systemd-nspawn, systemd-path, systemd-resolve, systemd-run,
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| 248 | systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
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[cba2d4e] | 249 | telinit, timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
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[1118b17] | 250 | <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
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| 251 | libnss_resolve.so.2, libsystemd.so, and libudev.so</seg>
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[cba2d4e] | 252 | <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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| 253 | /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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| 254 | /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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| 255 | /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
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| 256 | /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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[1118b17] | 257 | /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
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| 258 | /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 259 | </seglistitem>
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| 260 | </segmentedlist>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <variablelist>
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| 263 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 264 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 265 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 266 |
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[cba2d4e] | 267 | <varlistentry id="bootctl">
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| 268 | <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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| 269 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 270 | <para>used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 271 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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| 272 | <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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| 273 | </indexterm>
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| 274 | </listitem>
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| 275 | </varlistentry>
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| 276 |
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| 277 | <varlistentry id="busctl">
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| 278 | <term><command>busctl</command></term>
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| 279 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 280 | <para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 281 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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| 282 | <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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| 283 | </indexterm>
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| 284 | </listitem>
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| 285 | </varlistentry>
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| 286 |
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[1118b17] | 287 | <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
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| 288 | <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
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| 289 | <listitem>
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| 290 | <para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd Journal</para>
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| 291 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
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| 292 | <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
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| 293 | </indexterm>
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| 294 | </listitem>
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| 295 | </varlistentry>
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| 296 |
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[cba2d4e] | 297 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 298 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 299 | <listitem>
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| 300 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 301 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 302 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 303 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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[1118b17] | 304 | brought down</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 305 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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| 306 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 307 | </indexterm>
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| 308 | </listitem>
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| 309 | </varlistentry>
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| 310 |
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| 311 | <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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| 312 | <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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| 313 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 314 | <para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
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| 315 | settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 316 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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| 317 | <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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| 318 | </indexterm>
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| 319 | </listitem>
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| 320 | </varlistentry>
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| 321 |
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| 322 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 323 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 324 | <listitem>
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| 325 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 326 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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[1118b17] | 327 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 328 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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| 329 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 330 | </indexterm>
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| 331 | </listitem>
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| 332 | </varlistentry>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <varlistentry id="journalctl">
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| 335 | <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
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| 336 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 337 | <para>Used to query the contents of the systemd Journal</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 338 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
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| 339 | <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
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| 340 | </indexterm>
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| 341 | </listitem>
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| 342 | </varlistentry>
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| 343 |
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| 344 | <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
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| 345 | <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
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| 346 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 347 | <para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
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| 348 | from /boot</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 349 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
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| 350 | <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
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| 351 | </indexterm>
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| 352 | </listitem>
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| 353 | </varlistentry>
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| 354 |
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| 355 | <varlistentry id="localectl">
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| 356 | <term><command>localectl</command></term>
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| 357 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 358 | <para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
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| 359 | settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 360 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
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| 361 | <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
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| 362 | </indexterm>
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| 363 | </listitem>
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| 364 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 365 |
|
---|
| 366 | <varlistentry id="loginctl">
|
---|
| 367 | <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 368 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 369 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
|
---|
| 370 | Manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 371 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
|
---|
| 372 | <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
|
---|
| 373 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 374 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 375 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 376 |
|
---|
| 377 | <varlistentry id="machinectl">
|
---|
| 378 | <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 379 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 380 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 381 | Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
|
---|
| 382 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
|
---|
| 383 | <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
|
---|
| 384 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 385 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 386 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 387 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 388 | <varlistentry id="networkctl">
|
---|
| 389 | <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 390 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 391 | <para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
|
---|
| 392 | systemd-networkd</para>
|
---|
| 393 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
|
---|
| 394 | <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
|
---|
| 395 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 396 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 397 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 398 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 399 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
---|
| 400 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
---|
| 401 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 402 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
---|
[1118b17] | 403 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 404 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
|
---|
| 405 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
---|
| 406 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 407 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 408 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 409 |
|
---|
| 410 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
---|
| 411 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 412 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 413 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
---|
[1118b17] | 414 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 415 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
|
---|
| 416 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 417 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 418 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 419 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 420 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 421 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
---|
| 422 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 423 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 424 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
|
---|
[1118b17] | 425 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 426 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
|
---|
| 427 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 428 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 429 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 430 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 431 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 432 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
---|
| 433 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 434 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 435 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
|
---|
[1118b17] | 436 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 437 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
|
---|
| 438 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 439 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 440 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 441 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 442 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 443 | <varlistentry id="systemctl">
|
---|
| 444 | <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 445 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 446 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
|
---|
| 447 | and service manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 448 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
|
---|
| 449 | <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
|
---|
| 450 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 451 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 452 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 453 |
|
---|
| 454 | <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 455 | <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
|
---|
| 456 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 457 | <para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current
|
---|
| 458 | boot</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 459 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 460 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
|
---|
| 461 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 462 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 463 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 464 |
|
---|
| 465 | <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 466 | <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
|
---|
| 467 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 468 | <para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
|
---|
| 469 | using a question message specified on the command line</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 470 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 471 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
|
---|
| 472 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 473 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 474 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 475 |
|
---|
| 476 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 477 | <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
|
---|
| 478 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 479 | <para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 480 | </para>
|
---|
| 481 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 482 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
|
---|
| 483 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 484 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 485 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 486 |
|
---|
| 487 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 488 | <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
|
---|
| 489 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 490 | <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
|
---|
| 491 | group hierarchy in a tree</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 492 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 493 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
|
---|
| 494 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 495 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 496 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 497 |
|
---|
| 498 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 499 | <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
|
---|
| 500 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 501 | <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
|
---|
| 502 | hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 503 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 504 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
|
---|
| 505 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 506 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 507 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 508 |
|
---|
| 509 | <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 510 | <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
|
---|
| 511 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 512 | <para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 513 | <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
|
---|
[1118b17] | 514 | counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 515 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 516 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
---|
| 517 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 518 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 519 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 520 |
|
---|
| 521 | <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 522 | <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
---|
| 523 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 524 | <para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 525 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 526 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
---|
| 527 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 528 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 529 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 530 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 531 | <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 532 | <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
|
---|
| 533 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 534 | <para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
|
---|
| 535 | names</para>
|
---|
| 536 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 537 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
|
---|
| 538 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 539 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 540 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 541 |
|
---|
| 542 | <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 543 | <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
|
---|
| 544 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 545 | <para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
|
---|
| 546 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 547 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
|
---|
| 548 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 549 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 550 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 551 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 552 | <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 553 | <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
---|
| 554 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 555 | <para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
|
---|
| 556 | inhibitor lock taken</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 557 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 558 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
---|
| 559 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 560 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 561 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 562 |
|
---|
| 563 | <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 564 | <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
---|
| 565 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 566 | <para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
|
---|
| 567 | stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
|
---|
| 568 | randomly generated ID</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 569 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 570 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
---|
| 571 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 572 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 573 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 574 |
|
---|
| 575 | <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 576 | <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
---|
| 577 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 578 | <para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
|
---|
| 579 | changes</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 580 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 581 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
---|
| 582 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 583 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 584 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 585 |
|
---|
| 586 | <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 587 | <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
---|
| 588 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 589 | <para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
|
---|
| 590 | container</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 591 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 592 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
---|
| 593 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 594 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 595 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 596 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 597 | <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
|
---|
| 598 | <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
|
---|
| 599 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 600 | <para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
|
---|
| 601 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
|
---|
| 602 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
|
---|
| 603 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 604 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 605 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 606 |
|
---|
| 607 | <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 608 | <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
|
---|
| 609 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 610 | <para>Used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
|
---|
| 611 | resource records, and services</para>
|
---|
| 612 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 613 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
|
---|
| 614 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 615 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 616 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 617 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 618 | <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
---|
| 619 | <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
---|
| 620 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 621 | <para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit
|
---|
| 622 | and run the specified command in it</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 623 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
---|
| 624 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
---|
| 625 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 626 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 627 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 628 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 629 | <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 630 | <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
|
---|
| 631 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 632 | <para>To be completed</para>
|
---|
| 633 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
---|
| 634 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
|
---|
| 635 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 636 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 637 | </varlistentry> -->
|
---|
| 638 |
|
---|
| 639 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 640 | <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
---|
| 641 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 642 | <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
|
---|
| 643 | directories, based on the configuration file format and location
|
---|
| 644 | specified in
|
---|
| 645 | <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 646 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 647 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
---|
| 648 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 649 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 650 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 651 |
|
---|
| 652 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 653 | <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
---|
| 654 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 655 | <para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 656 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 657 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
---|
| 658 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 659 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 660 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 661 |
|
---|
| 662 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
---|
| 663 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
---|
| 664 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 665 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
|
---|
| 666 | to</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 667 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
---|
| 668 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
---|
| 669 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 670 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 671 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 672 |
|
---|
| 673 | <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
---|
| 674 | <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 675 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 676 | <para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 677 | </para>
|
---|
| 678 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
---|
| 679 | <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 680 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 681 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 682 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 683 |
|
---|
| 684 | <varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
---|
| 685 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
---|
| 686 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 687 | <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 688 | provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
|
---|
| 689 | uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
|
---|
[1118b17] | 690 | for a given device</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 691 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 692 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
---|
| 693 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 694 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 695 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 696 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 697 | <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
---|
| 698 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 699 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 700 | <para>systemd utility library</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 701 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
---|
| 702 | <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 703 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 704 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 705 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 706 |
|
---|
| 707 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
|
---|
| 708 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
---|
| 709 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 710 | <para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 711 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 712 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
---|
| 713 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 714 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 715 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 716 |
|
---|
| 717 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 718 |
|
---|
| 719 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 720 |
|
---|
| 721 | </sect1>
|
---|