[f896e21c] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[35a5259] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
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[cba2d4e] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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[f896e21c] | 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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[cba2d4e] | 12 | <productname>systemd</productname>
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[f896e21c] | 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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[cba2d4e] | 17 | <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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[f896e21c] | 18 |
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[cba2d4e] | 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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[1118b17] | 20 | <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
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[f896e21c] | 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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[1118b17] | 26 | <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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[cba2d4e] | 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[1118b17] | 41 | <title>Installation of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 42 |
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[1118b17] | 43 | <para>First, fix a build error when using Util-Linux built in
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| 44 | Chapter 5:</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i "s:blkid/::" $(grep -rl "blkid/blkid.h")</userinput></screen>
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| 47 |
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[a840e59] | 48 | <!-- Not needed as of 231. -renodr
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[e787b1f] | 49 | <para>Fix a potential security issue with framebuffer devices:</para>
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[1118b17] | 50 |
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[eece29d] | 51 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e 's@DRI and frame buffer@DRI@' \
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| 52 | -e '/SUBSYSTEM==\"graphics\", KERNEL==\"fb\*\"/d' \
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[e787b1f] | 53 | -i src/login/70-uaccess.rules</userinput></screen>
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[a840e59] | 54 | -->
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[1118b17] | 55 |
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| 56 | <para>Disable two tests that always fail:</para>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e 's@test/udev-test.pl @@' \
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| 59 | -e 's@test-copy$(EXEEXT) @@' \
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| 60 | -i Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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[e8d84ce] | 61 |
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| 62 | <para>Apply a patch to fix a security issue:</para>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-231-security_fix-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 65 |
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| 66 | <para>Create a file to allow systemd to build when using Util-Linux
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| 67 | built in Chapter 5, to disable LTO by default, and to build without
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| 68 | xlstproc:</para>
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[d7f2eb0] | 69 |
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[cba2d4e] | 70 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">cat > config.cache << "EOF"
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| 71 | <literal>KILL=/bin/kill
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[1118b17] | 72 | MOUNT_PATH=/bin/mount
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| 73 | UMOUNT_PATH=/bin/umount
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[cba2d4e] | 74 | HAVE_BLKID=1
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| 75 | BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
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[61d3147] | 76 | BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/blkid"
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[1118b17] | 77 | HAVE_LIBMOUNT=1
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| 78 | MOUNT_LIBS="-lmount"
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| 79 | MOUNT_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/libmount"
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| 80 | cc_cv_CFLAGS__flto=no
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| 81 | XSLTPROC="/usr/bin/xsltproc"</literal>
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[cba2d4e] | 82 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[f896e21c] | 83 |
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[1118b17] | 84 | <para>LTO is disabled by default because it causes
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| 85 | <command>systemd</command> and other auxiliary programs to link to
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| 86 | <filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_s.so</filename>, slows the build down
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| 87 | and makes the compiled code larger.</para>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
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| 90 |
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[e787b1f] | 91 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 92 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 93 | --localstatedir=/var \
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| 94 | --config-cache \
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| 95 | --with-rootprefix= \
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| 96 | --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
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| 97 | --enable-split-usr \
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| 98 | --disable-firstboot \
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| 99 | --disable-ldconfig \
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| 100 | --disable-sysusers \
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| 101 | --without-python \
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| 102 | --with-default-dnssec=no \
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[1118b17] | 103 | --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 104 |
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| 105 | <variablelist>
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| 106 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <varlistentry>
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| 109 | <term><parameter>--config-cache</parameter></term>
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| 110 | <listitem>
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| 111 | <para>This switch tells the build system to use
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| 112 | the <filename>config.cache</filename> file which
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| 113 | was created earlier.</para>
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| 114 | </listitem>
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| 115 | </varlistentry>
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| 116 |
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| 117 | <varlistentry>
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| 118 | <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
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| 119 | <listitem>
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| 120 | <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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| 121 | shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
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| 122 | of the root partition.</para>
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| 123 | </listitem>
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| 124 | </varlistentry>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <varlistentry>
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| 127 | <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
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| 128 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 129 | <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
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[cba2d4e] | 130 | systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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| 131 | symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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| 132 | </listitem>
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| 133 | </varlistentry>
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| 134 |
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| 135 | <varlistentry>
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[1118b17] | 136 | <term><parameter>--without-python</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 137 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 138 | <para>This switch prevents <command>configure</command>
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| 139 | from trying to use Python which isn't built
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| 140 | in LFS.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 141 | </listitem>
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| 142 | </varlistentry>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <varlistentry>
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[1118b17] | 145 | <term><parameter>--disable-firstboot</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 146 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 147 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 148 | services responsible for setting up the system for
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| 149 | the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
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| 150 | everything is done manually.</para>
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| 151 | </listitem>
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| 152 | </varlistentry>
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| 153 |
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| 154 | <varlistentry>
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| 155 | <term><parameter>--disable-ldconfig</parameter></term>
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| 156 | <listitem>
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| 157 | <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd
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| 158 | unit that runs <command>ldconfig</command> at
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| 159 | boot, making the boot time longer. Remove it if the
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| 160 | described feature is desired, even though it's not
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| 161 | useful for source distributions such as LFS.</para>
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| 162 | </listitem>
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| 163 | </varlistentry>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <varlistentry>
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| 166 | <term><parameter>--disable-sysusers</parameter></term>
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| 167 | <listitem>
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| 168 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 169 | services responsible for setting up the
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| 170 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 171 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
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| 172 | were created early in this chapter.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 173 | </listitem>
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| 174 | </varlistentry>
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| 175 |
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[e787b1f] | 176 | <varlistentry>
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| 177 | <term><parameter>--with-default-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
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| 178 | <listitem>
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| 179 | <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC suport.</para>
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| 180 | </listitem>
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| 181 | </varlistentry>
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| 182 |
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[cba2d4e] | 183 | </variablelist>
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| 184 |
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| 185 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 188 |
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[1118b17] | 189 | <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
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| 190 | package has been installed.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 191 |
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| 192 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 193 |
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[cba2d4e] | 194 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>
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| 195 |
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[a840e59] | 196 | <para>Move the NSS libraries to <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>:</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 197 |
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[1118b17] | 198 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_{myhostname,mymachines,resolve}.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 199 |
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| 200 | <para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
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| 201 |
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| 202 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
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[b7da138f] | 203 |
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[1118b17] | 204 | <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, so systemd is used
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| 205 | as the default init system:</para>
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[b7da138f] | 206 |
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[cba2d4e] | 207 | <screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
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[1118b17] | 208 | ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/${tool}
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[cba2d4e] | 209 | done
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[1118b17] | 210 | ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
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[b7da138f] | 211 |
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[1118b17] | 212 | <!--
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[cba2d4e] | 213 | <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
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[d29a03b] | 214 |
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[cba2d4e] | 215 | <screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 216 | -->
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[053b206] | 217 |
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[cba2d4e] | 218 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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[1118b17] | 219 | <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
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[053b206] | 220 |
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[cba2d4e] | 221 | <screen><userinput remap="install">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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| 222 |
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[a840e59] | 223 | <para>Fix a broken symlink created by the systemd installation process:</para>
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[f5b18de] | 224 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -fv /etc/resolv.conf
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[28cf0f7] | 225 | ln -sv /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf</userinput></screen>
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[a840e59] | 226 |
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[1118b17] | 227 | <para>Since the testsuite largely depends on the host system kernel
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| 228 | configuration, some tests may fail. It also needs a modification in
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| 229 | order not to look for a program that will be installed by Util-Linux
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| 230 | package later in this chapter. To test the results, issue:</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 231 |
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[1118b17] | 232 | <screen><userinput remap="test">sed -i "s:minix:ext4:g" src/test/test-path-util.c
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| 233 | make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib -k check</userinput></screen>
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[053b206] | 234 |
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[f896e21c] | 235 | </sect2>
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| 236 |
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[cba2d4e] | 237 | <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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[1118b17] | 238 | <title>Contents of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 239 |
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| 240 | <segmentedlist>
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| 241 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 242 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 243 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <seglistitem>
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[1118b17] | 246 | <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl,
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| 247 | kernel-install, localectl, loginctl, machinectl, networkctl, poweroff,
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| 248 | reboot, runlevel, shutdown, systemctl, systemd-analyze,
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| 249 | systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
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| 250 | systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
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| 251 | systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify,
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| 252 | systemd-nspawn, systemd-path, systemd-resolve, systemd-run,
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| 253 | systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
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[cba2d4e] | 254 | telinit, timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
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[1118b17] | 255 | <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
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[a840e59] | 256 | libnss_resolve.so.2, libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-231.so,
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| 257 | and libudev.so</seg>
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[cba2d4e] | 258 | <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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| 259 | /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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| 260 | /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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| 261 | /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
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| 262 | /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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[1118b17] | 263 | /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
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| 264 | /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 265 | </seglistitem>
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| 266 | </segmentedlist>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <variablelist>
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| 269 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 270 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 271 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 272 |
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[cba2d4e] | 273 | <varlistentry id="bootctl">
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| 274 | <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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| 275 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 276 | <para>used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 277 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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| 278 | <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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| 279 | </indexterm>
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| 280 | </listitem>
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| 281 | </varlistentry>
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| 282 |
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| 283 | <varlistentry id="busctl">
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| 284 | <term><command>busctl</command></term>
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| 285 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 286 | <para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 287 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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| 288 | <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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| 289 | </indexterm>
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| 290 | </listitem>
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| 291 | </varlistentry>
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| 292 |
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[1118b17] | 293 | <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
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| 294 | <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
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| 295 | <listitem>
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| 296 | <para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd Journal</para>
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| 297 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
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| 298 | <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
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| 299 | </indexterm>
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| 300 | </listitem>
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| 301 | </varlistentry>
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| 302 |
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[cba2d4e] | 303 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 304 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 305 | <listitem>
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| 306 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 307 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 308 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 309 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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[1118b17] | 310 | brought down</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 311 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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| 312 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 313 | </indexterm>
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| 314 | </listitem>
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| 315 | </varlistentry>
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| 316 |
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| 317 | <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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| 318 | <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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| 319 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 320 | <para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
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| 321 | settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 322 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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| 323 | <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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| 324 | </indexterm>
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| 325 | </listitem>
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| 326 | </varlistentry>
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| 327 |
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| 328 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 329 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 330 | <listitem>
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| 331 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 332 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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[1118b17] | 333 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 334 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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| 335 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 336 | </indexterm>
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| 337 | </listitem>
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| 338 | </varlistentry>
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| 339 |
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| 340 | <varlistentry id="journalctl">
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| 341 | <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
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| 342 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 343 | <para>Used to query the contents of the systemd Journal</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 344 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
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| 345 | <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
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| 346 | </indexterm>
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| 347 | </listitem>
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| 348 | </varlistentry>
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| 349 |
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| 350 | <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
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| 351 | <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
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| 352 | <listitem>
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[1118b17] | 353 | <para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
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| 354 | from /boot</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 355 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
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| 356 | <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
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| 357 | </indexterm>
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| 358 | </listitem>
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| 359 | </varlistentry>
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| 360 |
|
---|
| 361 | <varlistentry id="localectl">
|
---|
| 362 | <term><command>localectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 363 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 364 | <para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
|
---|
| 365 | settings</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 366 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
|
---|
| 367 | <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
|
---|
| 368 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 369 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 370 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 371 |
|
---|
| 372 | <varlistentry id="loginctl">
|
---|
| 373 | <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 374 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 375 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
|
---|
| 376 | Manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 377 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
|
---|
| 378 | <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
|
---|
| 379 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 380 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 381 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 382 |
|
---|
| 383 | <varlistentry id="machinectl">
|
---|
| 384 | <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 385 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 386 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 387 | Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
|
---|
| 388 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
|
---|
| 389 | <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
|
---|
| 390 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 391 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 392 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 393 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 394 | <varlistentry id="networkctl">
|
---|
| 395 | <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 396 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 397 | <para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
|
---|
| 398 | systemd-networkd</para>
|
---|
| 399 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
|
---|
| 400 | <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
|
---|
| 401 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 402 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 403 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 404 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 405 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
---|
| 406 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
---|
| 407 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 408 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
---|
[1118b17] | 409 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 410 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
|
---|
| 411 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
---|
| 412 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 413 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 414 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 415 |
|
---|
| 416 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
---|
| 417 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 418 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 419 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
---|
[1118b17] | 420 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 421 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
|
---|
| 422 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 423 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 424 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 425 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 426 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 427 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
---|
| 428 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 429 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 430 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
|
---|
[1118b17] | 431 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 432 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
|
---|
| 433 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 434 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 435 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 436 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 437 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 438 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
---|
| 439 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 440 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 441 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
|
---|
[1118b17] | 442 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 443 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
|
---|
| 444 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 445 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 446 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 447 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 448 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 449 | <varlistentry id="systemctl">
|
---|
| 450 | <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 451 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 452 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
|
---|
| 453 | and service manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 454 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
|
---|
| 455 | <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
|
---|
| 456 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 457 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 458 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 459 |
|
---|
| 460 | <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 461 | <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
|
---|
| 462 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 463 | <para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current
|
---|
| 464 | boot</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 465 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 466 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
|
---|
| 467 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 468 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 469 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 470 |
|
---|
| 471 | <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 472 | <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
|
---|
| 473 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 474 | <para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
|
---|
| 475 | using a question message specified on the command line</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 476 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 477 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
|
---|
| 478 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 479 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 480 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 481 |
|
---|
| 482 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 483 | <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
|
---|
| 484 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 485 | <para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 486 | </para>
|
---|
| 487 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 488 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
|
---|
| 489 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 490 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 491 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 492 |
|
---|
| 493 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 494 | <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
|
---|
| 495 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 496 | <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
|
---|
| 497 | group hierarchy in a tree</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 498 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 499 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
|
---|
| 500 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 501 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 502 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 503 |
|
---|
| 504 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 505 | <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
|
---|
| 506 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 507 | <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
|
---|
| 508 | hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 509 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 510 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
|
---|
| 511 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 512 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 513 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 514 |
|
---|
| 515 | <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 516 | <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
|
---|
| 517 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 518 | <para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 519 | <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
|
---|
[1118b17] | 520 | counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 521 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 522 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
---|
| 523 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 524 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 525 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 526 |
|
---|
| 527 | <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 528 | <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
---|
| 529 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 530 | <para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 531 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 532 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
---|
| 533 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 534 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 535 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 536 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 537 | <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 538 | <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
|
---|
| 539 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 540 | <para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
|
---|
| 541 | names</para>
|
---|
| 542 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 543 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
|
---|
| 544 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 545 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 546 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 547 |
|
---|
| 548 | <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 549 | <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
|
---|
| 550 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 551 | <para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
|
---|
| 552 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 553 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
|
---|
| 554 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 555 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 556 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 557 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 558 | <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 559 | <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
---|
| 560 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 561 | <para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
|
---|
| 562 | inhibitor lock taken</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 563 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 564 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
---|
| 565 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 566 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 567 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 568 |
|
---|
| 569 | <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 570 | <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
---|
| 571 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 572 | <para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
|
---|
| 573 | stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
|
---|
| 574 | randomly generated ID</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 575 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 576 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
---|
| 577 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 578 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 579 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 580 |
|
---|
| 581 | <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 582 | <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
---|
| 583 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 584 | <para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
|
---|
| 585 | changes</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 586 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 587 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
---|
| 588 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 589 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 590 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 591 |
|
---|
| 592 | <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 593 | <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
---|
| 594 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 595 | <para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
|
---|
| 596 | container</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 597 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 598 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
---|
| 599 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 600 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 601 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 602 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 603 | <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
|
---|
| 604 | <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
|
---|
| 605 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 606 | <para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
|
---|
| 607 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
|
---|
| 608 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
|
---|
| 609 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 610 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 611 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 612 |
|
---|
| 613 | <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 614 | <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
|
---|
| 615 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 616 | <para>Used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
|
---|
| 617 | resource records, and services</para>
|
---|
| 618 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 619 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
|
---|
| 620 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 621 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 622 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 623 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 624 | <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
---|
| 625 | <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
---|
| 626 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 627 | <para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit
|
---|
| 628 | and run the specified command in it</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 629 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
---|
| 630 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
---|
| 631 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 632 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 633 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 634 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 635 | <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 636 | <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
|
---|
| 637 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 638 | <para>To be completed</para>
|
---|
| 639 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
---|
| 640 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
|
---|
| 641 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 642 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 643 | </varlistentry> -->
|
---|
| 644 |
|
---|
| 645 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 646 | <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
---|
| 647 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 648 | <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
|
---|
| 649 | directories, based on the configuration file format and location
|
---|
| 650 | specified in
|
---|
| 651 | <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 652 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 653 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
---|
| 654 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 655 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 656 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 657 |
|
---|
| 658 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 659 | <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
---|
| 660 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 661 | <para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 662 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 663 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
---|
| 664 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 665 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 666 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 667 |
|
---|
| 668 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
---|
| 669 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
---|
| 670 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 671 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
|
---|
| 672 | to</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 673 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
---|
| 674 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
---|
| 675 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 676 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 677 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 678 |
|
---|
| 679 | <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
---|
| 680 | <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 681 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 682 | <para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 683 | </para>
|
---|
| 684 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
---|
| 685 | <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 686 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 687 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 688 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 689 |
|
---|
| 690 | <varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
---|
| 691 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
---|
| 692 | <listitem>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 693 | <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 694 | provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
|
---|
| 695 | uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
|
---|
[1118b17] | 696 | for a given device</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 697 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 698 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
---|
| 699 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 700 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 701 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 702 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 703 | <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
---|
| 704 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 705 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 706 | <para>systemd utility library</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 707 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
---|
| 708 | <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 709 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 710 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 711 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 712 |
|
---|
| 713 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
|
---|
| 714 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
---|
| 715 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 716 | <para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 717 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 718 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
---|
| 719 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 720 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 721 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 722 |
|
---|
| 723 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 724 |
|
---|
| 725 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 726 |
|
---|
| 727 | </sect1>
|
---|