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Last change on this file since b3f1ebb3 was b3f1ebb3, checked in by Xℹ Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 3 years ago

First apply of multilib-patch of April 1st, 2019

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/multilib@11566 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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[f896e21c]	1	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
	2	<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
	3	"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
	4	<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
	5	%general-entities;
	6	]>
	7
[35a5259]	8	<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
[cba2d4e]	9	<?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
[f896e21c]	10
	11	<sect1info condition="script">
[cba2d4e]	12	<productname>systemd</productname>
[f896e21c]	13	<productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
	14	<address>&systemd-url;</address>
	15	</sect1info>
	16
[cba2d4e]	17	<title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
[f896e21c]	18
[cba2d4e]	19	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
[1118b17]	20	<primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
[f896e21c]	21	</indexterm>
	22
	23	<sect2 role="package">
	24	<title/>
	25
[1118b17]	26	<para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
[cba2d4e]	27	running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
[f896e21c]	28
	29	<segmentedlist>
	30	<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
	31	<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
	32
	33	<seglistitem>
	34	<seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
	35	<seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
	36	</seglistitem>
	37	</segmentedlist>
	38	</sect2>
	39
	40	<sect2 role="installation">
[1118b17]	41	<title>Installation of systemd</title>
[5323dbf]	42	<!--
[855ab9a]	43	<para>Apply a patch to fix two critical security vulnerabilities:</para>
	44
[ee5dcff]	45	<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-240-security_fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
[5323dbf]	46	-->
[855ab9a]	47
[81ed05f]	48	<para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
	49
[92c9489]	50	<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
[e88a471b]	51
[cc09c07]	52	<para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
	53	create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
	54
[a9a92e4]	55	<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
[cc09c07]	56	ln -sf $file /usr/lib/
	57	done</userinput></screen>
	58
[fc199db]	59	<para>Set up the man pages:</para>
	60
[f7cea72]	61	<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
[1118b17]	62
[e88a471b]	63	<para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
	64
[f7cea72]	65	<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
[b55310e]	66
[896e77e]	67	<para>Remove an unneeded group,
	68	<systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
	69	rules:</para>
	70
	71	<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
	72
[1118b17]	73	<para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
	74
[04b2165]	75	<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
	76	cd build
[fc199db]	77
[268ab92]	78	PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/tools/lib/pkgconfig" \
[fc199db]	79	LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
	80	meson --prefix=/usr \
	81	--sysconfdir=/etc \
	82	--localstatedir=/var \
	83	-Dblkid=true \
	84	-Dbuildtype=release \
	85	-Ddefault-dnssec=no \
	86	-Dfirstboot=false \
[e88a471b]	87	-Dinstall-tests=false \
[fc199db]	88	-Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
	89	-Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
	90	-Dldconfig=false \
	91	-Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
	92	-Drootprefix= \
	93	-Drootlibdir=/lib \
	94	-Dsplit-usr=true \
	95	-Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
	96	-Dsysusers=false \
	97	-Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
	98	-Db_lto=false \
	99	..</userinput></screen>
[cba2d4e]	100
	101	<variablelist>
[81ed05f]	102	<title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
[cba2d4e]	103
	104	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	105	<term><parameter>-D-path=</parameter></term>
[cba2d4e]	106	<listitem>
[81ed05f]	107	<para>These switches provide location of binaries needed by
	108	systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed, or who's
	109	pkgconfig files are currently only in
	110	<filename>/tools/lib/pkgconfig</filename>.</para>
[cba2d4e]	111	</listitem>
	112	</varlistentry>
	113
	114	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	115	<term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
[cba2d4e]	116	<listitem>
[81ed05f]	117	<para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
[cba2d4e]	118	</listitem>
	119	</varlistentry>
	120
	121	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	122	<term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
[cba2d4e]	123	<listitem>
[81ed05f]	124	<para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
	125	services responsible for setting up the system for
	126	the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
	127	everything is done manually.</para>
[cba2d4e]	128	</listitem>
	129	</varlistentry>
	130
[e88a471b]	131	<varlistentry>
	132	<term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
	133	<listitem>
	134	<para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
	135	</listitem>
	136	</varlistentry>
	137
[cba2d4e]	138	<varlistentry>
[0d84af1]	139	<term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
[cba2d4e]	140	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	141	<para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
	142	<command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
	143	distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
	144	if the described feature is desired.</para>
[cba2d4e]	145	</listitem>
	146	</varlistentry>
	147
	148	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	149	<term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
[cba2d4e]	150	<listitem>
[81ed05f]	151	<para>These switches ensure that core programs and
	152	shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
	153	of the root partition.</para>
[1118b17]	154	</listitem>
	155	</varlistentry>
	156
	157	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	158	<term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
[1118b17]	159	<listitem>
[81ed05f]	160	<para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
	161	systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
	162	symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
[1118b17]	163	</listitem>
	164	</varlistentry>
	165
	166	<varlistentry>
[81ed05f]	167	<term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
[1118b17]	168	<listitem>
	169	<para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
	170	services responsible for setting up the
	171	<filename>/etc/group</filename> and
	172	<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
[0d84af1]	173	were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
[cba2d4e]	174	</listitem>
	175	</varlistentry>
	176
	177	</variablelist>
	178
	179	<para>Compile the package:</para>
	180
[fc199db]	181	<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
[81ed05f]	182	<!--
	183	<para>To test the package, execute the following command:</para>
[f896e21c]	184
[81ed05f]	185	<screen><userinput remap="test">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja test</userinput></screen>
	186	-->
[f896e21c]	187	<para>Install the package:</para>
	188
[81ed05f]	189	<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
[cba2d4e]	190
	191	<para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
	192
[3553330]	193	<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm
	194	rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
[81ed05f]	195
[cba2d4e]	196	<para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
[1118b17]	197	<command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
[053b206]	198
[15f0f21]	199	<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
[cba2d4e]	200
[9220470]	201	<para>Create the <filename>/lib/systemd/systemd-user-sessions</filename>
	202	script to allow unprivileged user logins without
	203	<application>systemd-logind</application>:</para>
	204
	205	<screen><userinput remap="adjust">cat > /lib/systemd/systemd-user-sessions << "EOF"
	206	#!/bin/bash
	207	rm -f /run/nologin
	208	EOF
	209	chmod 755 /lib/systemd/systemd-user-sessions</userinput></screen>
	210
[f896e21c]	211	</sect2>
	212
[b3f1ebb3]	213	<!-- ====== 32-bit ===== -->
	214
	215	<sect2 arch="multilib" role="installation">
	216	<title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
	217
	218	<para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
	219	<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
	220
	221	<para>Clean previous build:</para>
	222
	223	<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
	224
	225	<para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
	226
	227	<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
	228
	229	<para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
	230	create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
	231
	232	<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
	233	ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
	234	done</userinput></screen>
	235
	236	<para>Set up the man pages:</para>
	237
	238	<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
	239
	240	<para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
	241
	242	<screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
	243	PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig:/tools/lib32/pkgconfig" \
	244	CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
	245	CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
	246	LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
	247	meson --prefix=/usr \
	248	--sysconfdir=/etc \
	249	--localstatedir=/var \
	250	-Dblkid=true \
	251	-Dbuildtype=release \
	252	-Ddefault-dnssec=no \
	253	-Dfirstboot=false \
	254	-Dinstall-tests=false \
	255	-Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
	256	-Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
	257	-Dldconfig=false \
	258	-Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
	259	-Drootprefix= \
	260	-Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
	261	-Dsplit-usr=true \
	262	-Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
	263	-Dsysusers=false \
	264	-Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
	265	-Db_lto=false \
	266	..</userinput></screen>
	267
	268	<para>Compile the package:</para>
	269
	270	<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
	271
	272	<para>Install the package:</para>
	273
	274	<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
	275	cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
	276	rm -rf DESTDIR
	277	rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
	278
	279	</sect2>
	280
	281	<!-- ====== x32-bit ===== -->
	282
	283	<sect2 arch="multilib" role="installation">
	284	<title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
	285
	286	<para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
	287	<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
	288
	289	<para>Clean previous build:</para>
	290
	291	<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
	292
	293	<para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
	294
	295	<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
	296
	297	<para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
	298	create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
	299
	300	<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/libx32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
	301	ln -sf $file /usr/libx32/
	302	done</userinput></screen>
	303
	304	<para>Set up the man pages:</para>
	305
	306	<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
	307
	308	<para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
	309
	310	<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
	311	sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
	312
	313	<para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
	314
	315	<screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
	316	PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/tools/libx32/pkgconfig:/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
	317	CC="gcc -mx32" \
	318	CXX="g++ -mx32" \
	319	CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
	320	CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
	321	LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
	322	meson --prefix=/usr \
	323	--sysconfdir=/etc \
	324	--localstatedir=/var \
	325	-Dblkid=true \
	326	-Dbuildtype=release \
	327	-Ddefault-dnssec=no \
	328	-Dfirstboot=false \
	329	-Dinstall-tests=false \
	330	-Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
	331	-Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
	332	-Dldconfig=false \
	333	-Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
	334	-Drootprefix= \
	335	-Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
	336	-Dsplit-usr=true \
	337	-Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
	338	-Dsysusers=false \
	339	-Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
	340	-Db_lto=false \
	341	..</userinput></screen>
	342
	343	<para>Compile the package:</para>
	344
	345	<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
	346
	347	<para>Install the package:</para>
	348
	349	<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
	350	cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
	351	rm -rf DESTDIR
	352	rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
	353
	354	</sect2>
	355
[cba2d4e]	356	<sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
[1118b17]	357	<title>Contents of systemd</title>
[f896e21c]	358
	359	<segmentedlist>
	360	<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
	361	<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
	362	<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
	363
	364	<seglistitem>
[78cc3be]	365	<seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
	366	hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
	367	machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
	368	systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
	369	resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
	370	(symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
[1118b17]	371	systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
	372	systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
[78cc3be]	373	systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
	374	systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
	375	systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
	376	systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
	377	systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
	378	systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
	379	udevadm</seg>
[1118b17]	380	<seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
[78cc3be]	381	libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
	382	libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
[a840e59]	383	and libudev.so</seg>
[cba2d4e]	384	<seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
	385	/etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
	386	/etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
	387	/usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
	388	/usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
[1118b17]	389	/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
	390	/usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
[f896e21c]	391	</seglistitem>
	392	</segmentedlist>
	393
	394	<variablelist>
	395	<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
	396	<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
	397	<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
	398
[cba2d4e]	399	<varlistentry id="bootctl">
	400	<term><command>bootctl</command></term>
	401	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	402	<para>Used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
[cba2d4e]	403	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
	404	<primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
	405	</indexterm>
	406	</listitem>
	407	</varlistentry>
	408
	409	<varlistentry id="busctl">
	410	<term><command>busctl</command></term>
	411	<listitem>
[1118b17]	412	<para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
[cba2d4e]	413	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
	414	<primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
	415	</indexterm>
	416	</listitem>
	417	</varlistentry>
	418
[1118b17]	419	<varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
	420	<term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
	421	<listitem>
[3553330]	422	<para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
[1118b17]	423	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
	424	<primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
	425	</indexterm>
	426	</listitem>
	427	</varlistentry>
	428
[cba2d4e]	429	<varlistentry id="halt">
	430	<term><command>halt</command></term>
	431	<listitem>
	432	<para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
	433	<parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
	434	then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
	435	file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
[1118b17]	436	brought down</para>
[cba2d4e]	437	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
	438	<primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
	439	</indexterm>
	440	</listitem>
	441	</varlistentry>
	442
	443	<varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
	444	<term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
	445	<listitem>
[1118b17]	446	<para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
	447	settings</para>
[cba2d4e]	448	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
	449	<primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
	450	</indexterm>
	451	</listitem>
	452	</varlistentry>
	453
	454	<varlistentry id="init">
	455	<term><command>init</command></term>
	456	<listitem>
	457	<para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
[0d84af1]	458	the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
	459	processes according to its configuration files</para>
[cba2d4e]	460	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
	461	<primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
	462	</indexterm>
	463	</listitem>
	464	</varlistentry>
	465
	466	<varlistentry id="journalctl">
	467	<term><command>journalctl</command></term>
	468	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	469	<para>Used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
[cba2d4e]	470	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
	471	<primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
	472	</indexterm>
	473	</listitem>
	474	</varlistentry>
	475
	476	<varlistentry id="kernel-install">
	477	<term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
	478	<listitem>
[1118b17]	479	<para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
	480	from /boot</para>
[cba2d4e]	481	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
	482	<primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
	483	</indexterm>
	484	</listitem>
	485	</varlistentry>
	486
	487	<varlistentry id="localectl">
	488	<term><command>localectl</command></term>
	489	<listitem>
[1118b17]	490	<para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
	491	settings</para>
[cba2d4e]	492	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
	493	<primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
	494	</indexterm>
	495	</listitem>
	496	</varlistentry>
	497
	498	<varlistentry id="loginctl">
	499	<term><command>loginctl</command></term>
	500	<listitem>
[1118b17]	501	<para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
	502	Manager</para>
[cba2d4e]	503	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
	504	<primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
	505	</indexterm>
	506	</listitem>
	507	</varlistentry>
	508
	509	<varlistentry id="machinectl">
	510	<term><command>machinectl</command></term>
	511	<listitem>
[1118b17]	512	<para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
[cba2d4e]	513	Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
	514	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
	515	<primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
	516	</indexterm>
	517	</listitem>
	518	</varlistentry>
	519
[1118b17]	520	<varlistentry id="networkctl">
	521	<term><command>networkctl</command></term>
	522	<listitem>
	523	<para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
	524	systemd-networkd</para>
	525	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
	526	<primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
	527	</indexterm>
	528	</listitem>
	529	</varlistentry>
	530
[78cc3be]	531	<varlistentry id="portablectl">
	532	<term><command>portablectl</command></term>
	533	<listitem>
	534	<para>Used to attach or detach portable services from the local
	535	system</para>
	536	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
	537	<primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
	538	</indexterm>
	539	</listitem>
	540	</varlistentry>
	541
[cba2d4e]	542	<varlistentry id="poweroff">
	543	<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
	544	<listitem>
	545	<para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
[1118b17]	546	(see <command>halt</command>)</para>
[cba2d4e]	547	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
	548	<primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
	549	</indexterm>
	550	</listitem>
	551	</varlistentry>
	552
	553	<varlistentry id="reboot">
	554	<term><command>reboot</command></term>
[f896e21c]	555	<listitem>
[cba2d4e]	556	<para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
[1118b17]	557	<command>halt</command>)</para>
[cba2d4e]	558	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
	559	<primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
[f896e21c]	560	</indexterm>
	561	</listitem>
	562	</varlistentry>
	563
[78cc3be]	564	<varlistentry id="resolvconf">
	565	<term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
	566	<listitem>
	567	<para>Register DNS server and domain configuration with
[93058448]	568	<command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
[78cc3be]	569	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
	570	<primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
	571	</indexterm>
	572	</listitem>
	573	</varlistentry>
	574
	575	<varlistentry id="resolvectl">
	576	<term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
	577	<listitem>
	578	<para>Send control commands to the network name resolution
	579	manager, or resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
	580	DNS records, and services.</para>
	581	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
	582	<primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
	583	</indexterm>
	584	</listitem>
	585	</varlistentry>
	586
[cba2d4e]	587	<varlistentry id="runlevel">
	588	<term><command>runlevel</command></term>
[f896e21c]	589	<listitem>
[cba2d4e]	590	<para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
[1118b17]	591	last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
[cba2d4e]	592	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
	593	<primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
[f896e21c]	594	</indexterm>
	595	</listitem>
	596	</varlistentry>
	597
[cba2d4e]	598	<varlistentry id="shutdown">
	599	<term><command>shutdown</command></term>
[f896e21c]	600	<listitem>
[cba2d4e]	601	<para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
[1118b17]	602	and notifying all logged-in users</para>
[cba2d4e]	603	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
	604	<primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
[f896e21c]	605	</indexterm>
	606	</listitem>
	607	</varlistentry>
	608
[cba2d4e]	609	<varlistentry id="systemctl">
	610	<term><command>systemctl</command></term>
[f896e21c]	611	<listitem>
[1118b17]	612	<para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
	613	and service manager</para>
[cba2d4e]	614	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
	615	<primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
	616	</indexterm>
	617	</listitem>
	618	</varlistentry>
	619
	620	<varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
	621	<term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
	622	<listitem>
[1118b17]	623	<para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current
	624	boot</para>
[cba2d4e]	625	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
	626	<primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
	627	</indexterm>
	628	</listitem>
	629	</varlistentry>
	630
	631	<varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
	632	<term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
	633	<listitem>
[1118b17]	634	<para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
	635	using a question message specified on the command line</para>
[cba2d4e]	636	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
	637	<primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
	638	</indexterm>
	639	</listitem>
	640	</varlistentry>
	641
	642	<varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
	643	<term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
	644	<listitem>
[1118b17]	645	<para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
[cba2d4e]	646	</para>
	647	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
	648	<primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
	649	</indexterm>
	650	</listitem>
	651	</varlistentry>
	652
	653	<varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
	654	<term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
	655	<listitem>
[1118b17]	656	<para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
	657	group hierarchy in a tree</para>
[cba2d4e]	658	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
	659	<primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
	660	</indexterm>
	661	</listitem>
	662	</varlistentry>
	663
	664	<varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
	665	<term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
	666	<listitem>
[1118b17]	667	<para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
	668	hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
[cba2d4e]	669	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
	670	<primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
	671	</indexterm>
	672	</listitem>
	673	</varlistentry>
	674
	675	<varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
	676	<term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
	677	<listitem>
[1118b17]	678	<para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
[cba2d4e]	679	<filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
[1118b17]	680	counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
[cba2d4e]	681	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
	682	<primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
	683	</indexterm>
	684	</listitem>
	685	</varlistentry>
	686
	687	<varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
	688	<term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
	689	<listitem>
[1118b17]	690	<para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
[cba2d4e]	691	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
	692	<primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
	693	</indexterm>
	694	</listitem>
	695	</varlistentry>
	696
[1118b17]	697	<varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
	698	<term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
	699	<listitem>
	700	<para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
	701	names</para>
	702	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
	703	<primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
	704	</indexterm>
	705	</listitem>
	706	</varlistentry>
	707
	708	<varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
	709	<term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
	710	<listitem>
	711	<para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
	712	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
	713	<primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
	714	</indexterm>
	715	</listitem>
	716	</varlistentry>
	717
[78cc3be]	718	<varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
	719	<term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
	720	<listitem>
	721	<para>Generate and print id128 strings</para>
	722	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
	723	<primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
	724	</indexterm>
	725	</listitem>
	726	</varlistentry>
	727
[cba2d4e]	728	<varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
	729	<term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
	730	<listitem>
[1118b17]	731	<para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
	732	inhibitor lock taken</para>
[cba2d4e]	733	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
	734	<primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
	735	</indexterm>
	736	</listitem>
	737	</varlistentry>
	738
	739	<varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
	740	<term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
	741	<listitem>
[1118b17]	742	<para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
	743	stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
	744	randomly generated ID</para>
[cba2d4e]	745	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
	746	<primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
	747	</indexterm>
	748	</listitem>
	749	</varlistentry>
	750
[13c8b42]	751	<varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
	752	<term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
	753	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	754	<para>A tool to temporarily mount or auto-mount a drive.</para>
[13c8b42]	755	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
	756	<primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
	757	</indexterm>
	758	</listitem>
	759	</varlistentry>
	760
[cba2d4e]	761	<varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
	762	<term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
	763	<listitem>
[1118b17]	764	<para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
	765	changes</para>
[cba2d4e]	766	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
	767	<primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
	768	</indexterm>
	769	</listitem>
	770	</varlistentry>
	771
	772	<varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
	773	<term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
	774	<listitem>
[1118b17]	775	<para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
	776	container</para>
[cba2d4e]	777	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
	778	<primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
	779	</indexterm>
	780	</listitem>
	781	</varlistentry>
	782
[1118b17]	783	<varlistentry id="systemd-path">
	784	<term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
	785	<listitem>
	786	<para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
	787	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
	788	<primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
	789	</indexterm>
	790	</listitem>
	791	</varlistentry>
	792
	793	<varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
	794	<term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
	795	<listitem>
	796	<para>Used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
	797	resource records, and services</para>
	798	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
	799	<primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
	800	</indexterm>
	801	</listitem>
	802	</varlistentry>
	803
[cba2d4e]	804	<varlistentry id="systemd-run">
	805	<term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
	806	<listitem>
[1118b17]	807	<para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit
	808	and run the specified command in it</para>
[cba2d4e]	809	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
	810	<primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
	811	</indexterm>
	812	</listitem>
	813	</varlistentry>
	814
[1118b17]	815	<!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
[cba2d4e]	816	<term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
	817	<listitem>
	818	<para>To be completed</para>
	819	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
	820	<primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
	821	</indexterm>
	822	</listitem>
	823	</varlistentry> -->
	824
[13c8b42]	825	<varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
	826	<term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
	827	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	828	<para>A tool to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
[13c8b42]	829	connection.</para>
	830	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
	831	<primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
	832	</indexterm>
	833	</listitem>
	834	</varlistentry>
	835
[cba2d4e]	836	<varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
	837	<term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
	838	<listitem>
[1118b17]	839	<para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
	840	directories, based on the configuration file format and location
	841	specified in
	842	<filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
[cba2d4e]	843	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
	844	<primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
	845	</indexterm>
	846	</listitem>
	847	</varlistentry>
	848
[78cc3be]	849	<varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
	850	<term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
	851	<listitem>
	852	<para>Unmount mount points</para>
	853	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
	854	<primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
	855	</indexterm>
	856	</listitem>
	857	</varlistentry>
	858
[cba2d4e]	859	<varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
	860	<term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
	861	<listitem>
[1118b17]	862	<para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
[cba2d4e]	863	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
	864	<primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
	865	</indexterm>
	866	</listitem>
	867	</varlistentry>
	868
	869	<varlistentry id="telinit">
	870	<term><command>telinit</command></term>
	871	<listitem>
[1118b17]	872	<para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
	873	to</para>
[cba2d4e]	874	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
	875	<primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
	876	</indexterm>
	877	</listitem>
	878	</varlistentry>
	879
	880	<varlistentry id="timedatectl">
	881	<term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
	882	<listitem>
[1118b17]	883	<para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
[cba2d4e]	884	</para>
	885	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
	886	<primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
[f896e21c]	887	</indexterm>
	888	</listitem>
	889	</varlistentry>
	890
	891	<varlistentry id="udevadm">
	892	<term><command>udevadm</command></term>
	893	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	894	<para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
[f896e21c]	895	provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
[0d84af1]	896	uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and triggers uevents
[1118b17]	897	for a given device</para>
[cba2d4e]	898	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
[f896e21c]	899	<primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
	900	</indexterm>
	901	</listitem>
	902	</varlistentry>
	903
[cba2d4e]	904	<varlistentry id="libsystemd">
	905	<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
[f896e21c]	906	<listitem>
[0d84af1]	907	<para>The main systemd utility library</para>
[cba2d4e]	908	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
	909	<primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
[f896e21c]	910	</indexterm>
	911	</listitem>
	912	</varlistentry>
	913
	914	<varlistentry id="libudev">
	915	<term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
	916	<listitem>
[1118b17]	917	<para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
[cba2d4e]	918	<indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
[f896e21c]	919	<primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
	920	</indexterm>
	921	</listitem>
	922	</varlistentry>
	923
	924	</variablelist>
	925
	926	</sect2>
	927
	928	</sect1>

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