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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix issues with systemd-networkd on Linux 5.2+
44 kernels, as well as with AMD Ryzen CPUs:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-networkd_and_rdrand_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
49
50<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
51
52 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
53 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}.so*; do
56 ln -sf $file /usr/lib/
57done</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
62
63 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
64
65<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
66
67 <para>Remove an unneeded group,
68 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
69 rules:</para>
70
71<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
72
73<!-- EDITORS NOTE: At the next systemd release, see if the CFLAGS can be removed. -->
74
75 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
76
77<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
78cd build
79
80PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/tools/lib/pkgconfig" \
81LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
82CFLAGS+="-Wno-format-overflow" \
83meson --prefix=/usr \
84 --sysconfdir=/etc \
85 --localstatedir=/var \
86 -Dblkid=true \
87 -Dbuildtype=release \
88 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
89 -Dfirstboot=false \
90 -Dinstall-tests=false \
91 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
92 -Dldconfig=false \
93 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
94 -Drootprefix= \
95 -Drootlibdir=/lib \
96 -Dsplit-usr=true \
97 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
98 -Dsysusers=false \
99 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
100 -Db_lto=false \
101 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
102 ..</userinput></screen>
103
104 <variablelist>
105 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>These switches provide location of binaries needed by
111 systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed, or who's
112 pkgconfig files are currently only in
113 <filename>/tools/lib/pkgconfig</filename>.</para>
114 </listitem>
115 </varlistentry>
116
117 <varlistentry>
118 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
119 <listitem>
120 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
121 </listitem>
122 </varlistentry>
123
124 <varlistentry>
125 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
126 <listitem>
127 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
128 services responsible for setting up the system for
129 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
130 everything is done manually.</para>
131 </listitem>
132 </varlistentry>
133
134 <varlistentry>
135 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
136 <listitem>
137 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
138 </listitem>
139 </varlistentry>
140
141 <varlistentry>
142 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
143 <listitem>
144 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
145 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
146 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
147 if the described feature is desired.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
155 shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
156 of the root partition.</para>
157 </listitem>
158 </varlistentry>
159
160 <varlistentry>
161 <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
162 <listitem>
163 <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
164 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
165 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
166 </listitem>
167 </varlistentry>
168
169 <varlistentry>
170 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
173 services responsible for setting up the
174 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
175 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
176 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
177 </listitem>
178 </varlistentry>
179
180 <varlistentry>
181 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
182 <listitem>
183 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
184 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
185 </listitem>
186 </varlistentry>
187 </variablelist>
188
189 <para>Compile the package:</para>
190
191<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
192<!--
193 <para>To test the package, execute the following command:</para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="test">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja test</userinput></screen>
196-->
197 <para>Install the package:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Remove an unnecessary symbolic link:</para>
202
203<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
204
205 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
206 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Remove symbolic links to Util-Linux libraries:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -fv /usr/lib/lib{blkid,uuid,mount}.so*</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Prevent systemd from creating <filename>/run/nologin</filename>
215 to allow unprivileged user logins without
216 <application>systemd-logind</application>:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd-nologin.conf</userinput></screen>
219
220 </sect2>
221
222<!-- ====== 32-bit ===== -->
223
224 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
225 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
226
227 <para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
228<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
229
230 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
231
232<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
233
234 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
235
236<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
237
238 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
239 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
240
241<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
242 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
243done</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
246
247<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
248
249 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
250
251 <screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
252PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig:/tools/lib32/pkgconfig" \
253CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
254CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
255LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
256meson --prefix=/usr \
257 --sysconfdir=/etc \
258 --localstatedir=/var \
259 -Dblkid=true \
260 -Dbuildtype=release \
261 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
262 -Dfirstboot=false \
263 -Dinstall-tests=false \
264 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
265 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
266 -Dldconfig=false \
267 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
268 -Drootprefix= \
269 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
270 -Dsplit-usr=true \
271 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
272 -Dsysusers=false \
273 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
274 -Db_lto=false \
275 ..</userinput></screen>
276
277 <para>Compile the package:</para>
278
279<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
280
281 <para>Install the package:</para>
282
283<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
284cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
285rm -rf DESTDIR
286rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
287
288 </sect2>
289
290<!-- ====== x32-bit ===== -->
291
292 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
293 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
294
295 <para>If still in the build directory, step out:</para>
296<screen><userinput remap="pre">cd ..</userinput></screen>
297
298 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
299
300<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf build</userinput></screen>
301
302 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
303
304<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
305
306 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
307 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
308
309<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/libx32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
310 ln -sf $file /usr/libx32/
311done</userinput></screen>
312
313 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
314
315<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
316
317 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
318
319<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
320sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
321
322 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
323
324<screen><userinput remap="configure">cd build
325PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/tools/libx32/pkgconfig:/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
326CC="gcc -mx32" \
327CXX="g++ -mx32" \
328CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
329CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
330LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
331meson --prefix=/usr \
332 --sysconfdir=/etc \
333 --localstatedir=/var \
334 -Dblkid=true \
335 -Dbuildtype=release \
336 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
337 -Dfirstboot=false \
338 -Dinstall-tests=false \
339 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
340 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
341 -Dldconfig=false \
342 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
343 -Drootprefix= \
344 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
345 -Dsplit-usr=true \
346 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
347 -Dsysusers=false \
348 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
349 -Db_lto=false \
350 ..</userinput></screen>
351
352 <para>Compile the package:</para>
353
354<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
355
356 <para>Install the package:</para>
357
358<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
359cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
360rm -rf DESTDIR
361rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
362
363 </sect2>
364
365 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
366 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
367
368 <segmentedlist>
369 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
370 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
371 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
372
373 <seglistitem>
374 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
375 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
376 machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
377 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
378 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
379 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
380 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
381 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
382 systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
383 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
384 systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
385 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
386 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
387 systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
388 udevadm</seg>
389 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
390 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
391 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
392 and libudev.so</seg>
393 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
394 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
395 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
396 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
397 /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
398 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
399 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
400 </seglistitem>
401 </segmentedlist>
402
403 <variablelist>
404 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
405 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
406 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
407
408 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
409 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>Used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
412 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
413 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
414 </indexterm>
415 </listitem>
416 </varlistentry>
417
418 <varlistentry id="busctl">
419 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
420 <listitem>
421 <para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
422 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
423 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
424 </indexterm>
425 </listitem>
426 </varlistentry>
427
428 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
429 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
430 <listitem>
431 <para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
432 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
433 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
434 </indexterm>
435 </listitem>
436 </varlistentry>
437
438 <varlistentry id="halt">
439 <term><command>halt</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
442 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
443 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
444 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
445 brought down</para>
446 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
447 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
448 </indexterm>
449 </listitem>
450 </varlistentry>
451
452 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
453 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
454 <listitem>
455 <para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
456 settings</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
458 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="init">
464 <term><command>init</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
467 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
468 processes according to its configuration files</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
470 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
476 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
480 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
486 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
489 from /boot</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
491 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="localectl">
497 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
500 settings</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
502 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
508 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
511 Manager</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
513 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
519 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
522 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
523 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
524 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
525 </indexterm>
526 </listitem>
527 </varlistentry>
528
529 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
530 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
531 <listitem>
532 <para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
533 systemd-networkd</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
535 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
540 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
541 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
542 <listitem>
543 <para>Used to attach or detach portable services from the local
544 system</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
546 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
552 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
555 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
557 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="reboot">
563 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
566 <command>halt</command>)</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
568 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
574 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Register DNS server and domain configuration with
577 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
579 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
585 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Send control commands to the network name resolution
588 manager, or resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
589 DNS records, and services.</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
591 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
597 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
600 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
601 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
602 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
603 </indexterm>
604 </listitem>
605 </varlistentry>
606
607 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
608 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
609 <listitem>
610 <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
611 and notifying all logged-in users</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
613 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
619 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
622 and service manager</para>
623 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
624 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
625 </indexterm>
626 </listitem>
627 </varlistentry>
628
629 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
630 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
631 <listitem>
632 <para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current
633 boot</para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
635 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
641 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
644 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
646 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
652 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
655 </para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
657 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
663 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
666 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
668 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
674 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
677 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
679 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
685 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
688 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
689 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
691 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
697 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
700 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
701 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
702 </indexterm>
703 </listitem>
704 </varlistentry>
705
706 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
707 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
708 <listitem>
709 <para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
710 names</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
712 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
718 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
722 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
728 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>Generate and print id128 strings</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
732 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
738 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
741 inhibitor lock taken</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
743 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
749 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
752 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
753 randomly generated ID</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
755 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
761 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>A tool to temporarily mount or auto-mount a drive.</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
765 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
771 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
774 changes</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
776 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
782 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
785 container</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
787 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
793 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
797 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
803 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>Used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
806 resource records, and services</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
808 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
814 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit
817 and run the specified command in it</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
819 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
825 <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>To be completed</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
829 <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry> -->
833
834 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
835 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>A tool to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
838 connection.</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
840 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
846 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
849 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
850 specified in
851 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
853 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
859 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>Unmount mount points</para>
862 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
863 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
864 </indexterm>
865 </listitem>
866 </varlistentry>
867
868 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
869 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
870 <listitem>
871 <para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
873 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="telinit">
879 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
882 to</para>
883 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
884 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
885 </indexterm>
886 </listitem>
887 </varlistentry>
888
889 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
890 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
891 <listitem>
892 <para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
893 </para>
894 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
895 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
896 </indexterm>
897 </listitem>
898 </varlistentry>
899
900 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
901 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
902 <listitem>
903 <para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
904 provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
905 uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and triggers uevents
906 for a given device</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
908 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>The main systemd utility library</para>
917 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
918 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
919 </indexterm>
920 </listitem>
921 </varlistentry>
922
923 <varlistentry id="libudev">
924 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
925 <listitem>
926 <para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
927 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
928 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
929 </indexterm>
930 </listitem>
931 </varlistentry>
932
933 </variablelist>
934
935 </sect2>
936
937</sect1>
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