source: chapter06/systemd.xml@ d89ca8ec

7.5-systemd 7.6-systemd 7.7-systemd 7.8-systemd 7.9-systemd
Last change on this file since d89ca8ec was d89ca8ec, checked in by Krejzi <krejzi@…>, 11 years ago

Remove unnecesary instructions from Systemd page.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/systemd/BOOK@10280 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-Systemd">Systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of Systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Prepare Systemd for compilation:</para>
44
45<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
46 --sysconfdir=/etc \
47 --localstatedir=/var \
48 --libexecdir=/usr/lib \
49 --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
50 --with-rootprefix= \
51 --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
52 --with-kbd-loadkeys=/bin/loadkeys \
53 --with-kbd-setfont=/bin/setfont \
54 --enable-split-usr \
55 --disable-gudev \
56 --without-python</userinput></screen>
57
58 <variablelist>
59 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
60
61 <varlistentry>
62 <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
63 <listitem>
64 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
65 shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
66 of the root partition.</para>
67 </listitem>
68 </varlistentry>
69
70 <varlistentry>
71 <term><parameter>--with-kbd-*</parameter></term>
72 <listitem>
73 <para>These switches tell Systemd where to find
74 Kbd programs.</para>
75 </listitem>
76 </varlistentry>
77
78 <varlistentry>
79 <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
80 <listitem>
81 <para>This switch ensures that Systemd will work on
82 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
83 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
84 </listitem>
85 </varlistentry>
86
87 <varlistentry>
88 <term><parameter>--disable-gudev --without-python</parameter></term>
89 <listitem>
90 <para>These switches disable optional features because
91 LFS does not provide their dependencies.</para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94
95 </variablelist>
96
97 <para>Compile the package:</para>
98
99<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
100
101 <para>The package comes with a testsuite, but it doesn't work in
102 chroot. It needs to be run from a system booted using Systemd.</para>
103
104 <para>Install the package:</para>
105
106<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
107
108 <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, so Systemd is used
109 as the default init system:</para>
110
111<screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
112 ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/$tool
113done
114ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
115
116 <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s@0775 root lock@0755 root root@g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
119
120 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
121 Journald:</para>
122
123<screen><userinput>systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
124
125 </sect2>
126
127 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
128 <title>Contents of Systemd</title>
129
130 <segmentedlist>
131 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
132 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
133 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
134
135 <seglistitem>
136 <seg>halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl, localectl, loginctl,
137 poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown, systemctl, systemd-analyze,
138 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
139 systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
140 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify,
141 systemd-nspawn, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
142 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit, timedatectl and
143 udevadm</seg>
144 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libsystemd-daemon.so, libsystemd-id128.so,
145 libsystemd-journal.so, libsystemd-login.so and libudev.so</seg>
146 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/modules-load.d, /etc/rpm,
147 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
148 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
149 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d,
150 /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d, /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;,
151 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd and /var/log/journald</seg>
152 </seglistitem>
153 </segmentedlist>
154
155 <variablelist>
156 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
157 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
158 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
159
160 <varlistentry id="halt">
161 <term><command>halt</command></term>
162 <listitem>
163 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
164 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
165 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
166 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
167 brought down.</para>
168 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
169 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
170 </indexterm>
171 </listitem>
172 </varlistentry>
173
174 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
175 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
176 <listitem>
177 <para>used to query and change the system hostname and related
178 settings.</para>
179 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
180 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
181 </indexterm>
182 </listitem>
183 </varlistentry>
184
185 <varlistentry id="init">
186 <term><command>init</command></term>
187 <listitem>
188 <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
189 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
190 proceses it is instructed to.</para>
191 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
192 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
193 </indexterm>
194 </listitem>
195 </varlistentry>
196
197 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
198 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
199 <listitem>
200 <para>used to query the contents of the Systemd Journal.</para>
201 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
202 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
203 </indexterm>
204 </listitem>
205 </varlistentry>
206
207 <varlistentry id="localectl">
208 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
209 <listitem>
210 <para>used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
211 settings.</para>
212 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
213 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
214 </indexterm>
215 </listitem>
216 </varlistentry>
217
218 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
219 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
220 <listitem>
221 <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Login
222 Manager.</para>
223 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
224 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
225 </indexterm>
226 </listitem>
227 </varlistentry>
228
229 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
230 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
231 <listitem>
232 <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
233 (see <command>halt</command>).</para>
234 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
235 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
236 </indexterm>
237 </listitem>
238 </varlistentry>
239
240 <varlistentry id="reboot">
241 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
242 <listitem>
243 <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
244 <command>halt</command>).</para>
245 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
246 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
247 </indexterm>
248 </listitem>
249 </varlistentry>
250
251 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
252 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
253 <listitem>
254 <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
255 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>.</para>
256 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
257 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
258 </indexterm>
259 </listitem>
260 </varlistentry>
261
262 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
263 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
264 <listitem>
265 <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
266 and notifying all logged-in users.</para>
267 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
268 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
269 </indexterm>
270 </listitem>
271 </varlistentry>
272
273 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
274 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
275 <listitem>
276 <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd system and
277 service manager.</para>
278 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
279 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
280 </indexterm>
281 </listitem>
282 </varlistentry>
283
284 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
285 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
286 <listitem>
287 <para>used to determine system boot-up performance of the current boot.
288 </para>
289 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
290 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
291 </indexterm>
292 </listitem>
293 </varlistentry>
294
295 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
296 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
297 <listitem>
298 <para>used to query a system password or passphrase from the user, using a
299 question message specified on the command line.</para>
300 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
301 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305
306 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
307 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
308 <listitem>
309 <para>used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal.
310 </para>
311 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
312 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
313 </indexterm>
314 </listitem>
315 </varlistentry>
316
317 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
318 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
319 <listitem>
320 <para>recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control group
321 hierarchy in a tree.</para>
322 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
323 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
324 </indexterm>
325 </listitem>
326 </varlistentry>
327
328 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
329 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
330 <listitem>
331 <para>shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy,
332 ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load.</para>
333 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
334 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
335 </indexterm>
336 </listitem>
337 </varlistentry>
338
339 <varlistentry id="systemd-coredumpctl">
340 <term><command>systemd-coredumpctl</command></term>
341 <listitem>
342 <para>used to retrieve coredumps from the Systemd Journal</para>
343 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-coredumpctl">
344 <primary sortas="b-systemd-coredumpctl">systemd-coredumpctl</primary>
345 </indexterm>
346 </listitem>
347 </varlistentry>
348
349 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
350 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
351 <listitem>
352 <para>used to identify and compare configuration files in
353 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
354 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
355 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
356 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
357 </indexterm>
358 </listitem>
359 </varlistentry>
360
361 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
362 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
363 <listitem>
364 <para>detects execution in a virtualized environment.</para>
365 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
366 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
372 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle inhibitor lock
375 taken.</para>
376 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
377 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
378 </indexterm>
379 </listitem>
380 </varlistentry>
381
382 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
383 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
384 <listitem>
385 <para>used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID stored in
386 <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a randomly
387 generated ID.</para>
388 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
389 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
390 </indexterm>
391 </listitem>
392 </varlistentry>
393
394 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
395 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes.
398 </para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
400 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
406 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace container.</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
410 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415<!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
416 <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>To be completed</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
420 <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry> -->
424
425 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
426 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories,
429 based on the configuration file format and location specified in
430 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories.</para>
431 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
432 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
433 </indexterm>
434 </listitem>
435 </varlistentry>
436
437 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
438 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
439 <listitem>
440 <para>used to list or process pending Systemd password requests</para>
441 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
442 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
443 </indexterm>
444 </listitem>
445 </varlistentry>
446
447 <varlistentry id="telinit">
448 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
449 <listitem>
450 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to.</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
452 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456
457 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
458 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>used to query and change the system clock and its settings.
461 </para>
462 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
463 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
464 </indexterm>
465 </listitem>
466 </varlistentry>
467
468 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
469 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
470 <listitem>
471 <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
472 provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
473 uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
474 for a given device.</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
476 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-daemon">
482 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-daemon</filename></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Systemd Daemon utility library.</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-daemon">
486 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-daemon">libsystemd-daemon</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-id128">
492 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-id128</filename></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Systemd 128 Bit ID utility library.</para>
495 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-id128">
496 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-id128">libsystemd-id128</primary>
497 </indexterm>
498 </listitem>
499 </varlistentry>
500
501 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-journal">
502 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-journal</filename></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Systemd Journal utility library.</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-journal">
506 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-journal">libsystemd-journal</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-login">
512 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-login</filename></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Systemd Login utility library.</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-login">
516 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-login">libsystemd-login</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="libudev">
522 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>A library to access Udev device information.</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
526 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 </variablelist>
532
533 </sect2>
534
535</sect1>
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