source: chapter06/systemd.xml@ eb460c5

7.5-systemd 7.6-systemd 7.7-systemd 7.8-systemd 7.9-systemd
Last change on this file since eb460c5 was eb460c5, checked in by Krejzi <krejzi@…>, 11 years ago

Update Systemd page for 204.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/systemd/BOOK@10285 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 20.4 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-Systemd">Systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of Systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Prepare Systemd for compilation:</para>
44
45<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
46 --sysconfdir=/etc \
47 --localstatedir=/var \
48 --libexecdir=/usr/lib \
49 --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
50 --with-rootprefix= \
51 --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
52 --with-firmware-path="/lib/firmware/updates:/lib/firmware" \
53 --enable-split-usr \
54 --disable-gudev \
55 --without-python</userinput></screen>
56
57 <variablelist>
58 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
59
60 <varlistentry>
61 <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
62 <listitem>
63 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
64 shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
65 of the root partition.</para>
66 </listitem>
67 </varlistentry>
68
69 <varlistentry>
70 <term><parameter>--with-firmware-path=...</parameter></term>
71 <listitem>
72 <para>This switch enables Udev firmware loader and
73 sets the default firmware search path.</para>
74 </listitem>
75 </varlistentry>
76
77 <varlistentry>
78 <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
79 <listitem>
80 <para>This switch ensures that Systemd will work on
81 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
82 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
83 </listitem>
84 </varlistentry>
85
86 <varlistentry>
87 <term><parameter>--disable-gudev --without-python</parameter></term>
88 <listitem>
89 <para>These switches disable optional features because
90 LFS does not provide their dependencies.</para>
91 </listitem>
92 </varlistentry>
93
94 </variablelist>
95
96 <para>Compile the package:</para>
97
98<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
99
100 <para>The package comes with a testsuite, but it doesn't work in
101 chroot. It needs to be run from a system booted using Systemd.</para>
102
103 <para>Install the package:</para>
104
105<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
106
107 <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, so Systemd is used
108 as the default init system:</para>
109
110<screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
111 ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/$tool
112done
113ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
114
115 <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
116
117<screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s@0775 root lock@0755 root root@g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
118
119 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
120 Journald:</para>
121
122<screen><userinput>systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
123
124 </sect2>
125
126 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
127 <title>Contents of Systemd</title>
128
129 <segmentedlist>
130 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
131 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
132 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
133
134 <seglistitem>
135 <seg>halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl,
136 loginctl, poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown, systemctl,
137 systemd-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls,
138 systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
139 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify,
140 systemd-nspawn, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
141 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit, timedatectl and
142 udevadm</seg>
143 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libsystemd-daemon.so, libsystemd-id128.so,
144 libsystemd-journal.so, libsystemd-login.so and libudev.so</seg>
145 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d, /etc/rpm,
146 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
147 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
148 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d,
149 /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d, /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;,
150 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd and /var/log/journal</seg>
151 </seglistitem>
152 </segmentedlist>
153
154 <variablelist>
155 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
156 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
157 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
158
159 <varlistentry id="halt">
160 <term><command>halt</command></term>
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
163 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
164 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
165 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
166 brought down.</para>
167 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
168 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
169 </indexterm>
170 </listitem>
171 </varlistentry>
172
173 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
174 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
175 <listitem>
176 <para>used to query and change the system hostname and related
177 settings.</para>
178 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
179 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
180 </indexterm>
181 </listitem>
182 </varlistentry>
183
184 <varlistentry id="init">
185 <term><command>init</command></term>
186 <listitem>
187 <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
188 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
189 proceses it is instructed to.</para>
190 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
191 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
192 </indexterm>
193 </listitem>
194 </varlistentry>
195
196 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
197 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
198 <listitem>
199 <para>used to query the contents of the Systemd Journal.</para>
200 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
201 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
202 </indexterm>
203 </listitem>
204 </varlistentry>
205
206 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
207 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
208 <listitem>
209 <para>used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
210 from /boot.</para>
211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
212 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214 </listitem>
215 </varlistentry>
216
217 <varlistentry id="localectl">
218 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
219 <listitem>
220 <para>used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
221 settings.</para>
222 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
223 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
224 </indexterm>
225 </listitem>
226 </varlistentry>
227
228 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
229 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
230 <listitem>
231 <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Login
232 Manager.</para>
233 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
234 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
235 </indexterm>
236 </listitem>
237 </varlistentry>
238
239 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
240 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
241 <listitem>
242 <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
243 (see <command>halt</command>).</para>
244 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
245 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
246 </indexterm>
247 </listitem>
248 </varlistentry>
249
250 <varlistentry id="reboot">
251 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
252 <listitem>
253 <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
254 <command>halt</command>).</para>
255 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
256 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
257 </indexterm>
258 </listitem>
259 </varlistentry>
260
261 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
262 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
263 <listitem>
264 <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
265 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>.</para>
266 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
267 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
268 </indexterm>
269 </listitem>
270 </varlistentry>
271
272 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
273 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
274 <listitem>
275 <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
276 and notifying all logged-in users.</para>
277 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
278 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
279 </indexterm>
280 </listitem>
281 </varlistentry>
282
283 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
284 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
285 <listitem>
286 <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd system and
287 service manager.</para>
288 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
289 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
290 </indexterm>
291 </listitem>
292 </varlistentry>
293
294 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
295 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
296 <listitem>
297 <para>used to determine system boot-up performance of the current boot.
298 </para>
299 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
300 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
301 </indexterm>
302 </listitem>
303 </varlistentry>
304
305 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
306 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
307 <listitem>
308 <para>used to query a system password or passphrase from the user, using a
309 question message specified on the command line.</para>
310 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
311 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
312 </indexterm>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315
316 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
317 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal.
320 </para>
321 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
322 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
323 </indexterm>
324 </listitem>
325 </varlistentry>
326
327 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
328 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
329 <listitem>
330 <para>recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control group
331 hierarchy in a tree.</para>
332 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
333 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
334 </indexterm>
335 </listitem>
336 </varlistentry>
337
338 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
339 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
340 <listitem>
341 <para>shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy,
342 ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load.</para>
343 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
344 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
345 </indexterm>
346 </listitem>
347 </varlistentry>
348
349 <varlistentry id="systemd-coredumpctl">
350 <term><command>systemd-coredumpctl</command></term>
351 <listitem>
352 <para>used to retrieve coredumps from the Systemd Journal</para>
353 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-coredumpctl">
354 <primary sortas="b-systemd-coredumpctl">systemd-coredumpctl</primary>
355 </indexterm>
356 </listitem>
357 </varlistentry>
358
359 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
360 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
361 <listitem>
362 <para>used to identify and compare configuration files in
363 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
364 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
365 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
366 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
372 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>detects execution in a virtualized environment.</para>
375 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
376 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
377 </indexterm>
378 </listitem>
379 </varlistentry>
380
381 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
382 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
383 <listitem>
384 <para>used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle inhibitor lock
385 taken.</para>
386 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
387 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
388 </indexterm>
389 </listitem>
390 </varlistentry>
391
392 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
393 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID stored in
396 <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a randomly
397 generated ID.</para>
398 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
399 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
405 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes.
408 </para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
410 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
416 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace container.</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
420 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425<!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
426 <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>To be completed</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
430 <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry> -->
434
435 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
436 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories,
439 based on the configuration file format and location specified in
440 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories.</para>
441 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
442 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
443 </indexterm>
444 </listitem>
445 </varlistentry>
446
447 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
448 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
449 <listitem>
450 <para>used to list or process pending Systemd password requests</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
452 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456
457 <varlistentry id="telinit">
458 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to.</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
462 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
467 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
468 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>used to query and change the system clock and its settings.
471 </para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
473 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
479 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
482 provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
483 uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
484 for a given device.</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
486 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-daemon">
492 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-daemon</filename></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Systemd Daemon utility library.</para>
495 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-daemon">
496 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-daemon">libsystemd-daemon</primary>
497 </indexterm>
498 </listitem>
499 </varlistentry>
500
501 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-id128">
502 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-id128</filename></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Systemd 128 Bit ID utility library.</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-id128">
506 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-id128">libsystemd-id128</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-journal">
512 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-journal</filename></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Systemd Journal utility library.</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-journal">
516 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-journal">libsystemd-journal</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="libsystemd-login">
522 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd-login</filename></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Systemd Login utility library.</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd-login">
526 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd-login">libsystemd-login</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="libudev">
532 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>A library to access Udev device information.</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
536 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 </variablelist>
542
543 </sect2>
544
545</sect1>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.