| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>systemd</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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| 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&systemd-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 41 | <title>Installation of systemd</title>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <para>First, create a file to allow systemd to build when using Util-Linux
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| 44 | built in Chapter 5 and disable LTO by default:</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">cat > config.cache << "EOF"
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| 47 | <literal>KILL=/bin/kill
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| 48 | MOUNT_PATH=/bin/mount
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| 49 | UMOUNT_PATH=/bin/umount
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| 50 | HAVE_BLKID=1
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| 51 | BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
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| 52 | BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/blkid"
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| 53 | HAVE_LIBMOUNT=1
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| 54 | MOUNT_LIBS="-lmount"
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| 55 | MOUNT_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/libmount"
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| 56 | cc_cv_CFLAGS__flto=no</literal>
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| 57 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <para>LTO is disabled by default because it causes <command>systemd</command>
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| 60 | and other auxiliary programs to link to <filename
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| 61 | class="libraryfile">libgcc_s.so</filename>, slows the build down and makes the
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| 62 | compiled code larger.</para>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <para>Additionally, fix a build error when using Util-Linux built in
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| 65 | Chapter 5:</para>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i "s:blkid/::" $(grep -rl "blkid/blkid.h")</userinput></screen>
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| 68 |
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| 69 | <para>Apply the following patch so that compat <command>pkg-config</command> files
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| 70 | get installed without installing compat libs which are useless on LFS:</para>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <para>Disable two tests that always fail:</para>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e 's:test/udev-test.pl ::g' \
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| 77 | -e 's:test-copy$(EXEEXT) ::g' \
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| 78 | -i Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 83 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 84 | --localstatedir=/var \
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| 85 | --config-cache \
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| 86 | --with-rootprefix= \
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| 87 | --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
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| 88 | --enable-split-usr \
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| 89 | --disable-firstboot \
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| 90 | --disable-ldconfig \
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| 91 | --disable-sysusers \
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| 92 | --without-python \
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| 93 | --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
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| 94 | --with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
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| 95 | --with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
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| 96 | --with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <variablelist>
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| 99 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <varlistentry>
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| 102 | <term><parameter>--config-cache</parameter></term>
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| 103 | <listitem>
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| 104 | <para>This switch tells the build system to use
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| 105 | the <filename>config.cache</filename> file which
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| 106 | was created earlier.</para>
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| 107 | </listitem>
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| 108 | </varlistentry>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <varlistentry>
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| 111 | <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
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| 112 | <listitem>
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| 113 | <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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| 114 | shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
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| 115 | of the root partition.</para>
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| 116 | </listitem>
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| 117 | </varlistentry>
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| 118 |
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| 119 | <varlistentry>
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| 120 | <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
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| 121 | <listitem>
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| 122 | <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
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| 123 | systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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| 124 | symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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| 125 | </listitem>
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| 126 | </varlistentry>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | <varlistentry>
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| 129 | <term><parameter>--without-python</parameter></term>
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| 130 | <listitem>
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| 131 | <para>This switch prevents <command>configure</command>
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| 132 | from trying to use Python which isn't built
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| 133 | in LFS.</para>
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| 134 | </listitem>
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| 135 | </varlistentry>
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| 136 |
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| 137 | <varlistentry>
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| 138 | <term><parameter>--disable-firstboot</parameter></term>
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| 139 | <listitem>
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| 140 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 141 | services responsible for setting up the system for
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| 142 | the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
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| 143 | everything is done manually.</para>
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| 144 | </listitem>
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| 145 | </varlistentry>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <varlistentry>
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| 148 | <term><parameter>--disable-ldconfig</parameter></term>
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| 149 | <listitem>
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| 150 | <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd
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| 151 | unit that runs <command>ldconfig</command> at
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| 152 | boot, making the boot time longer. Remove it if the
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| 153 | described feature is desired, even though it's not
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| 154 | useful for source distributions such as LFS.</para>
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| 155 | </listitem>
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| 156 | </varlistentry>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <varlistentry>
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| 159 | <term><parameter>--disable-sysusers</parameter></term>
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| 160 | <listitem>
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| 161 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 162 | services responsible for setting up the
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| 163 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 164 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
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| 165 | were created early in this chapter.</para>
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| 166 | </listitem>
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| 167 | </varlistentry>
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| 168 |
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| 169 | <varlistentry>
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| 170 | <term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
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| 171 | <listitem>
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| 172 | <para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuration files
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| 173 | get installed in the correct locations.</para>
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| 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | </variablelist>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 180 |
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| 181 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
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| 184 | package has been installed.</para>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 187 |
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| 188 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | <para>Move NSS libraries to <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>:</para>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_{myhostname,mymachines,resolve}.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 193 |
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| 194 | <para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, so systemd is used
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| 199 | as the default init system:</para>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
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| 202 | ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/${tool}
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| 203 | done
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| 204 | ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 209 |
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| 210 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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| 211 | <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <screen><userinput remap="install">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <para>Since the testsuite largely depends on the host system kernel
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| 216 | configuration, some tests may fail. It also needs a modification in
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| 217 | order not to look for a program that will be installed by Util-Linux
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| 218 | package later in this chapter. To test the results, issue:</para>
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| 219 |
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| 220 | <screen><userinput remap="test">sed -i "s:minix:ext4:g" src/test/test-path-util.c
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| 221 | make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 222 |
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| 223 | </sect2>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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| 226 | <title>Contents of systemd</title>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <segmentedlist>
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| 229 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 230 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 231 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 232 |
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| 233 | <seglistitem>
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| 234 | <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl,
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| 235 | kernel-install, localectl, loginctl, machinectl, networkctl, poweroff,
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| 236 | reboot, runlevel, shutdown, systemctl, systemd-analyze,
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| 237 | systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
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| 238 | systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
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| 239 | systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn,
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| 240 | systemd-path, systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
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| 241 | systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit, timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
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| 242 | <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2, libnss_resolve.so.2,
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| 243 | libsystemd.so, and libudev.so</seg>
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| 244 | <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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| 245 | /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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| 246 | /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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| 247 | /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
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| 248 | /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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| 249 | /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
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| 250 | /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
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| 251 | </seglistitem>
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| 252 | </segmentedlist>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <variablelist>
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| 255 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 256 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 257 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <varlistentry id="bootctl">
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| 260 | <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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| 261 | <listitem>
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| 262 | <para>used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
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| 263 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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| 264 | <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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| 265 | </indexterm>
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| 266 | </listitem>
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| 267 | </varlistentry>
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| 268 |
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| 269 | <varlistentry id="busctl">
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| 270 | <term><command>busctl</command></term>
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| 271 | <listitem>
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| 272 | <para>Used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
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| 273 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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| 274 | <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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| 275 | </indexterm>
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| 276 | </listitem>
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| 277 | </varlistentry>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
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| 280 | <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
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| 281 | <listitem>
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| 282 | <para>Used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd Journal</para>
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| 283 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
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| 284 | <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
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| 285 | </indexterm>
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| 286 | </listitem>
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| 287 | </varlistentry>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 290 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 291 | <listitem>
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| 292 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 293 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 294 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 295 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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| 296 | brought down</para>
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| 297 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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| 298 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 299 | </indexterm>
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| 300 | </listitem>
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| 301 | </varlistentry>
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| 302 |
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| 303 | <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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| 304 | <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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| 305 | <listitem>
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| 306 | <para>Used to query and change the system hostname and related
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| 307 | settings</para>
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| 308 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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| 309 | <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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| 310 | </indexterm>
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| 311 | </listitem>
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| 312 | </varlistentry>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 315 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 316 | <listitem>
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| 317 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 318 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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| 319 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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| 320 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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| 321 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 322 | </indexterm>
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| 323 | </listitem>
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| 324 | </varlistentry>
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| 325 |
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| 326 | <varlistentry id="journalctl">
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| 327 | <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
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| 328 | <listitem>
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| 329 | <para>Used to query the contents of the systemd Journal</para>
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| 330 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
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| 331 | <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
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| 332 | </indexterm>
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| 333 | </listitem>
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| 334 | </varlistentry>
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| 335 |
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| 336 | <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
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| 337 | <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
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| 338 | <listitem>
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| 339 | <para>Used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
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| 340 | from /boot</para>
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| 341 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
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| 342 | <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
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| 343 | </indexterm>
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| 344 | </listitem>
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| 345 | </varlistentry>
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| 346 |
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| 347 | <varlistentry id="localectl">
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| 348 | <term><command>localectl</command></term>
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| 349 | <listitem>
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| 350 | <para>Used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
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| 351 | settings</para>
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| 352 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
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| 353 | <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
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| 354 | </indexterm>
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| 355 | </listitem>
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| 356 | </varlistentry>
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| 357 |
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| 358 | <varlistentry id="loginctl">
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| 359 | <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
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| 360 | <listitem>
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| 361 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
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| 362 | Manager</para>
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| 363 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
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| 364 | <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
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| 365 | </indexterm>
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| 366 | </listitem>
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| 367 | </varlistentry>
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| 368 |
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| 369 | <varlistentry id="machinectl">
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| 370 | <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
|
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| 371 | <listitem>
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| 372 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
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| 373 | Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
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| 374 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
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| 375 | <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
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| 376 | </indexterm>
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| 377 | </listitem>
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| 378 | </varlistentry>
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| 379 |
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| 380 | <varlistentry id="networkctl">
|
|---|
| 381 | <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
|
|---|
| 382 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 383 | <para>Used to introspect the state of the network links as seen by
|
|---|
| 384 | systemd-networkd</para>
|
|---|
| 385 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
|
|---|
| 386 | <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
|
|---|
| 387 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 388 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 389 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 390 |
|
|---|
| 391 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
|---|
| 392 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|---|
| 393 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 394 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
|---|
| 395 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
|---|
| 396 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
|
|---|
| 397 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
|---|
| 398 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 399 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 400 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 401 |
|
|---|
| 402 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
|---|
| 403 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|---|
| 404 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 405 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
|---|
| 406 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
|---|
| 407 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
|
|---|
| 408 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
|---|
| 409 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 410 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 411 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 412 |
|
|---|
| 413 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
|---|
| 414 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
|---|
| 415 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 416 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
|
|---|
| 417 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 418 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
|
|---|
| 419 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
|---|
| 420 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 421 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 422 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 423 |
|
|---|
| 424 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
|---|
| 425 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
|---|
| 426 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 427 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
|
|---|
| 428 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
|---|
| 429 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
|
|---|
| 430 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
|---|
| 431 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 432 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 433 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 434 |
|
|---|
| 435 | <varlistentry id="systemctl">
|
|---|
| 436 | <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
|
|---|
| 437 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 438 | <para>Used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system and
|
|---|
| 439 | service manager</para>
|
|---|
| 440 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
|
|---|
| 441 | <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
|
|---|
| 442 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 443 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 444 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 445 |
|
|---|
| 446 | <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
|
|---|
| 447 | <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
|
|---|
| 448 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 449 | <para>Used to determine system boot-up performance of the current boot
|
|---|
| 450 | </para>
|
|---|
| 451 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
|
|---|
| 452 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
|
|---|
| 453 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 454 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 455 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 456 |
|
|---|
| 457 | <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
|
|---|
| 458 | <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
|
|---|
| 459 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 460 | <para>Used to query a system password or passphrase from the user, using a
|
|---|
| 461 | question message specified on the command line</para>
|
|---|
| 462 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
|
|---|
| 463 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
|
|---|
| 464 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 465 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 466 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 467 |
|
|---|
| 468 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
|
|---|
| 469 | <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
|
|---|
| 470 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 471 | <para>Used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal
|
|---|
| 472 | </para>
|
|---|
| 473 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
|
|---|
| 474 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
|
|---|
| 475 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 476 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 477 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 478 |
|
|---|
| 479 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
|
|---|
| 480 | <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
|
|---|
| 481 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 482 | <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control group
|
|---|
| 483 | hierarchy in a tree</para>
|
|---|
| 484 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
|
|---|
| 485 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
|
|---|
| 486 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 487 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 488 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 489 |
|
|---|
| 490 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
|
|---|
| 491 | <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
|
|---|
| 492 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 493 | <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy,
|
|---|
| 494 | ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
|
|---|
| 495 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
|
|---|
| 496 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
|
|---|
| 497 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 498 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 499 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 500 |
|
|---|
| 501 | <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
|
|---|
| 502 | <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
|
|---|
| 503 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 504 | <para>Used to identify and compare configuration files in
|
|---|
| 505 | <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
|
|---|
| 506 | counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 507 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
|---|
| 508 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
|---|
| 509 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 510 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 511 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 512 |
|
|---|
| 513 | <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
|---|
| 514 | <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
|---|
| 515 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 516 | <para>Detects execution in a virtualized environment</para>
|
|---|
| 517 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
|---|
| 518 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
|---|
| 519 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 520 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 521 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 522 |
|
|---|
| 523 | <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
|
|---|
| 524 | <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
|
|---|
| 525 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 526 | <para>Used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit names</para>
|
|---|
| 527 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
|
|---|
| 528 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
|
|---|
| 529 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 530 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 531 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 532 |
|
|---|
| 533 | <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
|
|---|
| 534 | <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
|
|---|
| 535 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 536 | <para>Used to manage hardware database (hwdb)</para>
|
|---|
| 537 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
|
|---|
| 538 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
|
|---|
| 539 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 540 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 541 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 542 |
|
|---|
| 543 | <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
|---|
| 544 | <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
|---|
| 545 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 546 | <para>Used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle inhibitor lock
|
|---|
| 547 | taken</para>
|
|---|
| 548 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
|---|
| 549 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
|---|
| 550 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 551 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 552 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 553 |
|
|---|
| 554 | <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
|---|
| 555 | <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
|---|
| 556 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 557 | <para>Used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID stored in
|
|---|
| 558 | <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a randomly
|
|---|
| 559 | generated ID</para>
|
|---|
| 560 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
|---|
| 561 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
|---|
| 562 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 563 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 564 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 565 |
|
|---|
| 566 | <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
|---|
| 567 | <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
|---|
| 568 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 569 | <para>Used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes
|
|---|
| 570 | </para>
|
|---|
| 571 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
|---|
| 572 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
|---|
| 573 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 574 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 575 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 576 |
|
|---|
| 577 | <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
|---|
| 578 | <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
|---|
| 579 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 580 | <para>Used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace container</para>
|
|---|
| 581 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
|---|
| 582 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
|---|
| 583 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 584 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 585 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 586 |
|
|---|
| 587 | <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
|
|---|
| 588 | <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
|
|---|
| 589 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 590 | <para>Used to query system and user paths</para>
|
|---|
| 591 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
|
|---|
| 592 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
|
|---|
| 593 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 594 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 595 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 596 |
|
|---|
| 597 | <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
|---|
| 598 | <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
|---|
| 599 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 600 | <para>Used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit and
|
|---|
| 601 | run the specified command in it</para>
|
|---|
| 602 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
|---|
| 603 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
|---|
| 604 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 605 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 606 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 607 |
|
|---|
| 608 | <!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
|---|
| 609 | <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
|
|---|
| 610 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 611 | <para>To be completed</para>
|
|---|
| 612 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
|
|---|
| 613 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
|
|---|
| 614 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 615 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 616 | </varlistentry> -->
|
|---|
| 617 |
|
|---|
| 618 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
|---|
| 619 | <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
|---|
| 620 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 621 | <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories,
|
|---|
| 622 | based on the configuration file format and location specified in
|
|---|
| 623 | <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
|
|---|
| 624 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
|---|
| 625 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
|---|
| 626 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 627 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 628 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 629 |
|
|---|
| 630 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
|---|
| 631 | <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
|---|
| 632 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 633 | <para>Used to list or process pending systemd password requests</para>
|
|---|
| 634 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
|---|
| 635 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
|---|
| 636 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 637 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 638 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 639 |
|
|---|
| 640 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
|---|
| 641 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
|---|
| 642 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 643 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
|
|---|
| 644 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
|---|
| 645 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
|---|
| 646 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 647 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 648 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 649 |
|
|---|
| 650 | <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
|---|
| 651 | <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
|---|
| 652 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 653 | <para>Used to query and change the system clock and its settings
|
|---|
| 654 | </para>
|
|---|
| 655 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
|---|
| 656 | <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
|---|
| 657 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 658 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 659 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 660 |
|
|---|
| 661 | <varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
|---|
| 662 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 663 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 664 | <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
|
|---|
| 665 | provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
|
|---|
| 666 | uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
|
|---|
| 667 | for a given device</para>
|
|---|
| 668 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
|---|
| 669 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
|---|
| 670 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 671 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 672 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 673 |
|
|---|
| 674 | <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
|---|
| 675 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 676 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 677 | <para>systemd utility library</para>
|
|---|
| 678 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
|---|
| 679 | <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
|---|
| 680 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 681 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 682 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 683 |
|
|---|
| 684 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
|
|---|
| 685 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 686 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 687 | <para>A library to access Udev device information</para>
|
|---|
| 688 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
|---|
| 689 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
|---|
| 690 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 691 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 692 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 693 |
|
|---|
| 694 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 695 |
|
|---|
| 696 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 697 |
|
|---|
| 698 | </sect1>
|
|---|
